docs(plan): add new_editor d3d12 ui root refactor plan

2026-04-21 16:37:58 +08:00
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+# NewEditor D3D12 UI Root Architecture Refactor Plan
+
+Date: `2026-04-21`
+
+Supersedes:
+- `docs/used/NewEditor_D3D12_UI_Pass_RefactorPlan_Archived_2026-04-21.md`
+
+## Goal
+
+Keep `new_editor` on the native `D3D12` main-window path and refactor the UI stack from the root so the renderer can actually reach native-backend performance ceilings.
+
+This plan is not a patch plan. It is a structural replacement plan.
+
+## Hard Constraints
+
+- Do not roll the main editor window back to `D2D` or `D3D11On12`.
+- Do not keep long-term fallback-heavy mixed rendering for the main window.
+- Do not treat scene rendering optimization as part of this task.
+- Do not optimize around symptoms while preserving the current multi-rebuild architecture.
+- Do not touch unrelated dirty worktree changes outside the scoped editor/UI files.
+
+## Confirmed Root Problems
+
+### 1. The editor frame graph rebuilds shell/workspace layout too many times per frame
+
+Confirmed call-chain facts:
+
+- `new_editor/app/Platform/Win32/EditorWindow.cpp`
+- `new_editor/app/Platform/Win32/EditorWindowFrameOrchestrator.cpp`
+- `new_editor/app/Composition/EditorShellRuntime.cpp`
+- `new_editor/src/Shell/UIEditorShellInteraction.cpp`
+- `new_editor/src/Workspace/UIEditorWorkspaceInteraction.cpp`
+- `new_editor/src/Workspace/UIEditorWorkspaceCompose.cpp`
+- `new_editor/src/Docking/UIEditorDockHostInteraction.cpp`
+- `new_editor/src/Docking/UIEditorDockHost.cpp`
+
+Current behavior:
+
+- the shell request is rebuilt multiple times inside one frame
+- the workspace compose path is rebuilt again for input ownership preview and again for final compose
+- dock host interaction rebuilds dock layout twice inside one rebuild
+- the renderer then consumes a fresh immediate `UIDrawData` again instead of a retained render product
+
+Result:
+
+- CPU cost scales with repeated full-tree work before rendering even begins
+- a fast renderer still receives expensive, redundant input
+
+### 2. The current native D3D12 UI renderer is not GPU-native in architecture
+
+Confirmed files:
+
+- `new_editor/app/Rendering/D3D12/D3D12UiRenderer.cpp`
+- `new_editor/app/Rendering/D3D12/D3D12UiTextureHost.cpp`
+- `new_editor/app/Rendering/Native/NativeRenderer.cpp`
+
+Current behavior:
+
+- rounded rects, circles, outlines and fills are tessellated on the CPU every frame
+- text is cached as `string -> texture`, not `glyph -> atlas`
+- rasterized text misses go through `DirectWrite + WIC + upload`
+- the renderer rebuilds vertices, indices and batches from high-level draw commands every frame
+
+Result:
+
+- `D3D12` is only the final API, not the actual rendering architecture
+- the current implementation replaces a mature high-level renderer with a naive CPU front-end
+
+### 3. The main editor output is still immediate-command oriented instead of retained and dirty-driven
+
+Confirmed files:
+
+- `new_editor/app/Composition/EditorShellRuntime.cpp`
+- `new_editor/app/Features/Project/ProjectPanel.cpp`
+- `new_editor/app/Features/Hierarchy/HierarchyPanel.cpp`
+- `new_editor/app/Features/Inspector/InspectorPanel.cpp`
+- `new_editor/src/Shell/UIEditorShellCompose.cpp`
+
+Current behavior:
+
+- panels already keep interaction and layout state
+- but final rendering still emits immediate `UIDrawList` commands every frame
+- there is no long-lived UI render scene, panel packet cache, or subtree dirty invalidation on the final render path
+
+Result:
+
+- stable UI still pays repeated build and translation costs
+
+## End State
+
+The final main-window rendering chain must be:
+
+```text
+single authoritative shell/workspace frame
+-> retained UI scene / panel render packets
+-> native D3D12 primitive pass + native D3D12 text pass
+-> same command list
+-> same direct queue
+-> explicit backbuffer state transitions
+-> present
+```
+
+The final main-window chain must not contain:
+
+- `D3D11On12`
+- `D2D` draw submission
+- per-frame CPU polygon generation for common UI primitives
+- per-string text textures as the primary text path
+- repeated full compose/layout rebuilds inside one frame
+
+## Non-Goals
+
+- scene renderer optimization
+- viewport render graph redesign
+- Vulkan/OpenGL editor-host parity during this task
+- cosmetic UI redesign
+
+## Refactor Principles
+
+- Freeze the already validated present/swapchain/backbuffer path first.
+- Refactor top-down ownership and bottom-up rendering architecture together.
+- Make one frame produce one authoritative layout/compose snapshot.
+- Move from immediate draw commands to retained render packets.
+- Move from CPU geometry generation to GPU-friendly primitive evaluation.
+- Move from string texture caching to glyph atlas rendering.
+- Remove dead compatibility paths after replacement is validated.
+
+## Workstream A: Freeze The Validated D3D12 Present Path
+
+Purpose:
+
+- protect the working `D3D12` present path from further accidental churn while higher layers are rebuilt
+
+Scope:
+
+- `new_editor/app/Rendering/D3D12/D3D12WindowRenderLoop.*`
+- `new_editor/app/Rendering/D3D12/D3D12WindowRenderer.*`
+- `new_editor/app/Rendering/D3D12/D3D12WindowSwapChainPresenter.*`
+- `new_editor/app/Rendering/D3D12/D3D12HostDevice.*`
+
+Required outcome:
+
+- preserve current explicit `Present -> RenderTarget -> Present` flow
+- preserve current `Immediate + maxFrameLatency=1` policy unless later measurement proves a different policy is better
+- do not mix this workstream with UI-pass redesign logic
+
+## Workstream B: Collapse Shell And Workspace To One Authoritative Frame Build
+
+Purpose:
+
+- remove repeated layout/compose/rebuild work inside a single frame
+
+Primary files:
+
+- `new_editor/app/Platform/Win32/EditorWindowFrameOrchestrator.cpp`
+- `new_editor/app/Composition/EditorShellRuntime.cpp`
+- `new_editor/src/Shell/UIEditorShellInteraction.cpp`
+- `new_editor/src/Shell/UIEditorShellCompose.cpp`
+- `new_editor/src/Workspace/UIEditorWorkspaceInteraction.cpp`
+- `new_editor/src/Workspace/UIEditorWorkspaceCompose.cpp`
+- `new_editor/src/Docking/UIEditorDockHostInteraction.cpp`
+- `new_editor/src/Docking/UIEditorDockHost.cpp`
+- `new_editor/src/Panels/UIEditorPanelContentHost.cpp`
+
+Required structural changes:
+
+- introduce one authoritative frame object for shell/workspace layout, hit-test inputs, mounted panel bounds and viewport slots
+- stop rebuilding shell request multiple times unless a real state mutation invalidates the frame
+- remove preview compose + final compose duplication where the same layout data is recomputed from scratch
+- remove the double `BuildUIEditorDockHostLayout()` pattern inside dock-host interaction rebuilds
+- make input ownership resolution consume the authoritative layout snapshot instead of forcing an extra full compose
+- ensure panel mount bounds, viewport slot bounds and dock hit-test data all come from the same frame snapshot
+
+Deliverables:
+
+- one frame build entrypoint
+- one dock-host layout build per frame in the steady state
+- explicit invalidation points when menu state, dock mutation, panel visibility or viewport mounts actually change
+
+Acceptance criteria:
+
+- no steady-state frame should perform repeated full shell/workspace compose passes without a state mutation that requires recomputation
+
+## Workstream C: Introduce A Retained UI Scene Instead Of Per-Frame Immediate UIDrawData
+
+Purpose:
+
+- stop rebuilding the final render payload from scratch for stable UI
+
+Primary files:
+
+- `new_editor/app/Composition/EditorShellRuntime.cpp`
+- `new_editor/app/Features/Project/ProjectPanel.*`
+- `new_editor/app/Features/Hierarchy/HierarchyPanel.*`
+- `new_editor/app/Features/Inspector/InspectorPanel.*`
+- `new_editor/app/Features/Console/ConsolePanel.*`
+- `new_editor/app/Features/ColorPicker/ColorPickerPanel.*`
+- `new_editor/app/Features/Scene/SceneViewportFeature.*`
+- `new_editor/app/Platform/Win32/EditorWindow.cpp`
+
+Required structural changes:
+
+- define a retained `UiScene` or equivalent render-product layer for the main editor window
+- each major shell region and hosted panel produces a stable render packet instead of immediate draw commands
+- packets carry primitive instances, image instances, text runs, clip rectangles and z/order information
+- packets are rebuilt only when their owning state is dirty
+- stable frame append becomes packet aggregation, not command regeneration
+
+Recommended ownership model:
+
+- shell chrome packet
+- menu bar packet
+- toolbar packet
+- status bar packet
+- dock host packet
+- per-panel packet
+- overlay packet
+
+Acceptance criteria:
+
+- a steady-state empty panel must not rebuild full command streams each frame
+- unchanged panels must be reusable across frames
+
+## Workstream D: Replace The Current D3D12UiRenderer With A Real Native Primitive Pass
+
+Purpose:
+
+- stop treating `D3D12` as a thin API wrapper around CPU-generated meshes
+
+Primary files:
+
+- `new_editor/app/Rendering/D3D12/D3D12UiRenderer.*`
+- potentially new files under `new_editor/app/Rendering/D3D12/`
+
+Current path to retire:
+
+- CPU polygon generation for rounded rects and circles
+- CPU-generated outline rings for common primitives
+- direct translation of every immediate command to transient vertices and indices
+
+Target design:
+
+- fixed quad or minimal base geometry
+- instance buffers for:
+  - solid rect
+  - rounded rect
+  - border rect
+  - line
+  - circle
+  - image quad
+- shader-side shape evaluation for fill, border and clipping
+- batch grouping by pipeline, texture set, clip state and blend behavior
+
+Required renderer modules:
+
+- `D3D12UiPrimitivePass`
+- `D3D12UiFrameResources`
+- `D3D12UiClipState` or equivalent scissor/clip stream
+- `D3D12UiImagePass` or merged image primitive path
+
+Acceptance criteria:
+
+- no CPU tessellation for common editor primitives in the steady state
+- vertex/index growth no longer scales with roundness or circle segment counts
+
+## Workstream E: Replace String Texture Text Rendering With Glyph Atlas Text Rendering
+
+Purpose:
+
+- remove the largest text-side architectural bottleneck
+
+Primary files:
+
+- `new_editor/app/Rendering/D3D12/D3D12UiRenderer.*`
+- `new_editor/app/Rendering/D3D12/D3D12UiTextureHost.*`
+- `new_editor/app/Rendering/Native/NativeRenderer.*`
+- new text-system files under `new_editor/app/Rendering/D3D12/` or a dedicated text namespace
+
+Current path to retire:
+
+- `text + font size + dpi -> whole string texture`
+- `RasterizeTextMask()`
+- transient WIC bitmap creation for display text misses
+
+Target design:
+
+- `DirectWrite` remains for shaping, metrics and glyph raster generation
+- per-glyph atlas pages on the GPU
+- glyph run cache keyed by text content, font, size, DPI and shaping result
+- render text as glyph instances or glyph quads, not per-string textures
+- share text metrics cache with render cache so measure and render do not do separate work
+
+Required renderer modules:
+
+- `D3D12UiTextSystem`
+- `D3D12UiGlyphAtlas`
+- `D3D12UiGlyphRunCache`
+- `D3D12UiTextPass`
+
+Acceptance criteria:
+
+- no main-window display text path uses per-string textures as the primary render mechanism
+- repeated labels reuse shaped runs and glyph atlas entries
+
+## Workstream F: Establish Dirty/Invalidation-Driven Packet Rebuild Rules
+
+Purpose:
+
+- make retained rendering actually effective
+
+Primary files:
+
+- shell/workspace interaction and compose files
+- panel state files
+- new retained-scene cache files
+
+Required invalidation classes:
+
+- layout dirty
+- visual dirty
+- text content dirty
+- texture binding dirty
+- clip hierarchy dirty
+- panel visibility/mount dirty
+- DPI dirty
+
+Rules:
+
+- layout dirty rebuilds bounds and dependent packets
+- visual dirty only rebuilds affected render packet contents
+- text dirty only rebuilds affected text runs
+- viewport texture changes do not invalidate unrelated shell packets
+- panel-local changes do not invalidate the full editor scene
+
+Acceptance criteria:
+
+- dirty propagation is explicit and local
+- unchanged subtrees survive frame-to-frame without packet regeneration
+
+## Workstream G: Remove Obsolete Main-Window Compatibility Paths
+
+Purpose:
+
+- finish the refactor cleanly instead of leaving dead bridges in the hot path
+
+Primary files:
+
+- `new_editor/app/Rendering/Native/NativeRenderer.*`
+- `new_editor/app/Rendering/D3D12/D3D12WindowInteropContext.*`
+- `new_editor/app/Rendering/Native/AutoScreenshot.*`
+- any remaining main-window D3D11On12 bridge code
+
+Required cleanup:
+
+- remove old main-window `D3D11On12/D2D` composition entrypoints
+- keep screenshot/offscreen interop only if it still serves a non-main-window path
+- remove unused string-texture caches once glyph atlas path is validated
+- remove dead UI texture semantics only needed by the old D2D bridge
+
+Acceptance criteria:
+
+- no main-window render code path references D3D11On12 wrapped resources
+- screenshot/offscreen helpers are clearly isolated from the main editor hot path
+
+## Workstream H: Instrumentation And Verification
+
+Purpose:
+
+- prevent another round of “wrong bottleneck, wrong fix”
+
+Required measurements before and during each phase:
+
+- shell/workspace frame build count per presented frame
+- dock-host layout rebuild count per presented frame
+- panel packet rebuild count per frame
+- primitive instance counts by type
+- text run cache hit/miss counts
+- glyph atlas upload count and uploaded pixel count
+- batch count
+- total draw call count
+- CPU time for:
+  - shell/workspace frame build
+  - retained scene rebuild
+  - primitive pass build
+  - text shaping/raster/atlas upload
+  - final render submission
+
+Instrumentation targets:
+
+- `EditorWindowRuntimeController`
+- `EditorWindowFrameOrchestrator`
+- shell/workspace interaction and compose files
+- `D3D12UiRenderer`
+- future primitive/text pass modules
+
+Acceptance criteria:
+
+- each major architectural replacement can be validated against measured cost shifts
+
+## Recommended Execution Order
+
+1. Freeze present path and add instrumentation.
+2. Collapse shell/workspace to one authoritative frame build.
+3. Introduce retained UI scene and per-panel render packets.
+4. Replace primitive rendering with GPU-native instance-based primitive pass.
+5. Replace text rendering with glyph atlas rendering.
+6. Add explicit dirty propagation and cache invalidation rules.
+7. Remove obsolete main-window D2D/D3D11On12 paths.
+8. Tighten screenshot/offscreen ownership boundaries.
+9. Final performance verification and cleanup pass.
+
+## Commit Strategy
+
+Recommended submission boundaries:
+
+1. docs and instrumentation only
+2. shell/workspace authoritative frame collapse
+3. retained UI scene and panel packet introduction
+4. primitive pass replacement
+5. text system replacement
+6. cleanup and dead-path removal
+7. final verification and documentation
+
+## Risks To Manage Explicitly
+
+- input hit-testing drift if layout ownership changes without updating all consumers
+- stale packet reuse if dirty propagation is incomplete
+- glyph atlas eviction bugs causing missing text
+- clip/scissor mismatches after primitive-pass conversion
+- hidden dependencies on old `UIDrawData` immediate ordering
+- viewport texture lifetime issues when packet caching crosses frame boundaries
+
+## Final Acceptance Standard
+
+This refactor is only considered complete when all of the following are true:
+
+- the main editor window stays on the native `D3D12` path only
+- one steady-state frame does not repeatedly rebuild shell/workspace layout
+- unchanged panels reuse retained render products
+- common UI primitives are not CPU-tessellated per frame
+- main-window display text is rendered from a glyph atlas path
+- old D3D11On12/D2D main-window composition code is removed or fully isolated from the hot path
+- performance analysis shows the dominant steady-state cost moved away from repeated CPU rebuild work and naive UI translation
--- a/docs/used/NewEditor_D3D12_UI_Pass_RefactorPlan_Archived_2026-04-21.md
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@@ -0,0 +1,919 @@
+# new_editor 主窗口 UI 原生 D3D12 UI Pass 重构计划
+日期: `2026-04-21`
+
+## 1. 文档定位
+
+这份计划只解决一件事:
+
+把 `new_editor` 主窗口 UI 从当前这条
+
+`D3D12 -> D3D11On12 -> D2D/DirectWrite -> D3D11 Flush -> Present`
+
+的每帧跨 API 合成链里彻底拿出来，改成同一条 `D3D12 command list / direct queue` 内完成的原生 `UI pass`。
+
+这不是“补一个优化点”，而是一次热路径架构替换。目标不是在现有 `D2D` 链上继续打补丁，而是把主窗口 UI 的显示方案改对。
+
+## 2. 范围与边界
+
+本次重构纳入范围:
+
+- `new_editor` 主窗口和 detached editor window 的 UI 热路径。
+- 主窗口 swapchain backbuffer 的准备、UI 录制、提交、显式回到 `Present`。
+- `UIDrawData` 到 GPU draw call 的整条路径。
+- editor 自己的图片纹理、asset preview 缩略图、embedded PNG、scene/game viewport 纹理在 UI pass 中的采样。
+- 文本的测量、排版、字形缓存、GPU 绘制。
+- 自动截图/手动截图，要求最终走和屏幕一致的渲染路径。
+- 旧的 `D3D11On12/D2D` 热路径删除和收口。
+
+本次重构明确不纳入范围:
+
+- scene 本身的渲染优化。
+- shell/workspace/dock 交互层的 CPU 端重复构建问题。
+- 非 `new_editor` 的游戏运行时渲染路径。
+- Vulkan/OpenGL 后端的 editor host 实现。
+
+## 3. 代码事实与当前根问题
+
+当前主窗口 UI 热路径由下列代码组成:
+
+- `new_editor/app/Rendering/Native/NativeRenderer.cpp`
+- `new_editor/app/Rendering/D3D12/D3D12WindowInteropContext.cpp`
+- `new_editor/app/Rendering/D3D12/D3D12WindowRenderLoop.cpp`
+- `new_editor/app/Rendering/D3D12/D3D12WindowRenderer.cpp`
+- `new_editor/app/Rendering/D3D12/D3D12WindowSwapChainPresenter.cpp`
+
+当前每帧主窗口 UI 的实际流程是:
+
+```text
+BeginFrame
+-> scene viewport 等内容先在 D3D12 command list 上录制
+-> PreparePresentSurface()
+-> SubmitFrame(false)
+-> D3D11On12 AcquireWrappedResources(backbuffer + source textures)
+-> D2D/DirectWrite 逐命令绘制 UIDrawData
+-> D3D11On12 ReleaseWrappedResources(...)
+-> ID3D11DeviceContext::Flush()
+-> SignalFrameCompletion()
+-> PresentFrame()
+```
+
+这里有几个必须正视的事实:
+
+1. `NativeRenderer` 现在不是单一职责类。
+   它同时承担了:
+   - D2D 主窗口绘制
+   - DWrite 文本测量
+   - WIC 图片解码
+   - D3D11On12 interop
+   - 截图输出
+
+2. `D3D12WindowInteropContext` 把 backbuffer 和 viewport source texture 每帧包成 `ID3D11Resource/ID2D1Bitmap`。
+   这意味着 UI 最终不是在原生 D3D12 backbuffer 上完成，而是在跨 API 包装后再画一遍。
+
+3. `D3D12WindowSwapChainPresenter::PreparePresentSurface()` 只做了 `Present -> RenderTarget`。
+   当前 `RenderTarget -> Present` 的回归是依赖 `D3D11On12 ReleaseWrappedResources(...)` 隐式完成的。
+   一旦移除 interop，这个状态回归必须由 D3D12 显式补齐。
+
+4. `UITextureHandle` 现在有两套旧语义:
+   - `DescriptorHandle` 用于 `NativeRenderer` 自己的 CPU/WIC/D2D 纹理。
+   - `ShaderResourceView` 用于 viewport 纹理，再经 `D3D11On12/D2D` 包装成可绘制 bitmap。
+   这套语义是被旧显示方案绑出来的，不适合原生 D3D12 UI pass。
+
+5. 当前图片解码路径输出的是 `32bppPBGRA`，而 engine RHI 公共格式里只有 `R8G8B8A8_UNorm`，没有 `BGRA` 公共格式。
+   这意味着 texture contract 也必须一起收口，不能直接把旧 `D2D` 像素契约搬过来。
+
+## 4. 重构完成后的目标架构
+
+重构后的目标架构是:
+
+```text
+UIDrawData
+-> CPU batch/build
+-> same D3D12 command list
+-> same direct queue
+-> current swapchain backbuffer
+-> explicit RenderTarget -> Present
+-> Present
+```
+
+最终形态必须满足以下硬约束:
+
+1. 正常运行一帧时，主窗口 UI 热路径里不再创建或使用:
+   - `ID3D11Device`
+   - `ID3D11On12Device`
+   - `ID2D1DeviceContext`
+   - `ID2D1Bitmap`
+   - `AcquireWrappedResources`
+   - `ReleaseWrappedResources`
+   - `ID3D11DeviceContext::Flush`
+
+2. UI 必须和 viewport 内容共用同一个 frame command list。
+
+3. 当前 backbuffer 的状态切换必须是显式对称的:
+   - `Present -> RenderTarget`
+   - UI 绘制
+   - `RenderTarget -> Present`
+
+4. viewport 纹理不再经过 `D3D11On12 + D2D bitmap` 中转，而是直接作为 GPU SRV 采样。
+
+5. 主窗口 path 不允许再保留 “D3D12 失败就回退 D2D hwnd render target” 这种长期热路径 fallback。
+   调试阶段可以临时保留兼容开关，但最终收口版本必须删掉。
+
+## 5. 核心设计决策
+
+### 5.1 不再保留一个“大而杂”的 NativeRenderer
+
+`NativeRenderer` 当前把五种职责揉在一起，这会直接导致重构不彻底。
+
+最终必须拆成以下职责层:
+
+- `D3D12UiRenderer`
+  负责把 `UIDrawData` 变成 D3D12 draw calls。
+
+- `D3D12UiTextureHost`
+  实现 `TexturePort`，负责 editor 自己的图片纹理加载、上传、SRV 分配与释放。
+
+- `DirectWriteTextSystem`
+  负责文本测量、排版、glyph cache、atlas 更新。
+  它可以继续依赖 `DirectWrite`，但不能再依赖 `D2D` 作为每帧显示后端。
+
+- `D3D12UiCaptureRenderer`
+  负责截图，把同一套 UI pass 录制到离屏纹理，再读回 PNG。
+
+是否保留 `NativeRenderer` 这个类型名不是重点，重点是最终不能再有一个类同时握着:
+
+- D2D render target
+- D3D11On12 interop
+- 纹理加载
+- 文本测量
+- 主窗口 present 逻辑
+
+### 5.2 UI pass 使用“CPU 批处理三角形 + 单一 alpha blend pipeline”路线
+
+主窗口 UI 的 draw command 类型并不复杂:
+
+- FilledRect
+- FilledRectLinearGradient
+- RectOutline
+- Line
+- FilledTriangle
+- FilledCircle
+- CircleOutline
+- Text
+- Image
+- PushClipRect / PopClipRect
+
+因此最稳妥的路线不是搞多套 D2D 等价抽象，而是:
+
+把全部 UI 命令转换为 GPU triangle batches。
+
+最终统一成一套基本顶点格式:
+
+- `position`
+- `uv`
+- `color`
+
+最终统一成一条主图形 pipeline:
+
+- alpha blend 打开
+- 深度关闭
+- cull 关闭
+- scissor 打开
+- 正交投影
+
+具体策略:
+
+- 纯色/描边/线段/圆/圆角矩形:
+  由 CPU 直接三角化，采样一个 `1x1 white texture`。
+
+- 线性渐变矩形:
+  仍然三角化，但颜色写到顶点颜色里，shader 只做 `texture * vertexColor`。
+
+- 图片:
+  采样对应 SRV。
+
+- 文本:
+  采样 glyph atlas 对应 SRV。
+
+这样做的好处是:
+
+- 主窗口 UI pass 可以收口成一条真正原生的 GPU 渲染路径。
+- 不需要在 GPU 侧再保留 D2D 风格图元接口。
+- draw order 与现有 `UIDrawData` 顺序一致，行为最稳定。
+- clip 直接映射成 scissor，简单明确。
+
+### 5.3 文本继续使用 DirectWrite 做“CPU 端排版/字形分析”，但不再用 D2D 绘制
+
+成熟编辑器不是每帧把 swapchain 包成 D2D bitmap 再 `DrawTextW`。
+更合理的做法是:
+
+- 用 `DirectWrite` 做字体测量和文本 shaping。
+- 把 glyph coverage 缓存进 atlas。
+- 真正显示时在 GPU 上绘制 glyph quads。
+
+因此本次文本路线定为:
+
+- 保留 `DirectWrite` 作为文本系统。
+- 删除 `D2D::DrawTextW` 作为主窗口显示后端。
+- 新建 glyph atlas。
+- 文本 draw command 最终落成普通 textured quads。
+
+### 5.4 viewport 纹理直接采样，不再每帧 CreateWrappedResource/CreateBitmapFromDxgiSurface
+
+scene/game viewport 纹理当前已经有 `UITextureHandle.nativeHandle = GPU descriptor handle`。
+
+这意味着在原生 D3D12 UI pass 里，viewport 图片本质上已经具备直接采样条件。
+
+因此:
+
+- `D3D12WindowInteropContext::PrepareSourceTextures()` 整条链直接删除。
+- UI pass 直接读取 `UITextureHandle.nativeHandle` 对应的 SRV。
+- `resourceHandle` 只保留给释放路径或调试路径使用，不再参与渲染期查表。
+
+### 5.5 截图也必须切到同一套 GPU 路径
+
+如果主窗口显示已经换成原生 D3D12 UI pass，但截图仍然走旧的 `D2D offscreen render target`，那验证链路会分叉，后续会一直出现:
+
+- 屏幕上看见的是一套
+- 自动截图导出的是另一套
+
+所以截图也必须纳入重构，而不是留作旧系统残留。
+
+## 6. 模块拆分计划
+
+### 6.1 D3D12UiRenderer
+
+职责:
+
+- 接收 `UIDrawData`
+- 维护 per-frame vertex/index/upload ring
+- 维护 pipeline / root signature / sampler / white texture
+- 维护 clip stack -> scissor
+- 将 batches 录制到当前 `D3D12CommandList`
+
+必须覆盖的命令:
+
+- `FilledRect`
+- `FilledRectLinearGradient`
+- `RectOutline`
+- `Line`
+- `FilledTriangle`
+- `FilledCircle`
+- `CircleOutline`
+- `Text`
+- `Image`
+- `PushClipRect`
+- `PopClipRect`
+
+必须支持的渲染状态:
+
+- alpha blend
+- cull none
+- depth off
+- scissor on
+- swapchain RT 格式自适应
+
+### 6.2 D3D12UiTextureHost
+
+职责:
+
+- 实现 `Ports::TexturePort`
+- 加载文件/内存/RGBA 纹理
+- 创建 `R8G8B8A8_UNorm` GPU texture
+- 在 shader-visible descriptor heap 中分配 SRV
+- 为 `UITextureHandle` 填入:
+  - `nativeHandle = GPU descriptor handle`
+  - `width`
+  - `height`
+  - `kind`
+  - 必要时 `resourceHandle`
+- 管理纹理释放和 descriptor 回收
+
+这里必须明确:
+
+- 旧的 `NativeTextureResource::cachedBitmap` 模型要彻底删除。
+- 图片像素契约要改成适合 D3D12 的 `RGBA straight alpha` 或统一后的 GPU 格式。
+- 不能再保留 `D2D bitmap lazy-create`。
+
+### 6.3 DirectWriteTextSystem
+
+职责:
+
+- 实现 `UIEditorTextMeasurer`
+- 复用/管理 `IDWriteFactory`
+- 缓存 `IDWriteTextFormat`
+- 缓存文本 layout 结果
+- 把 glyph rasterize 到 atlas
+- 为文本 draw 生成 glyph quads
+
+必须考虑的点:
+
+- 现有 editor 既有英文，也必须允许中文文本正确显示。
+- 需要支持 DPI scale。
+- 需要支持重复标签的缓存复用，避免每帧重新 shape。
+- `MeasureTextWidth()` 和真正渲染应共享同一套文本 layout cache，避免两套逻辑各算一遍。
+
+### 6.4 D3D12UiCaptureRenderer
+
+职责:
+
+- 创建离屏 color texture
+- 用同一套 `D3D12UiRenderer` 逻辑把 `UIDrawData` 画进去
+- GPU readback
+- WIC 编码 PNG
+
+必须保证:
+
+- 截图结果与真实主窗口 UI pass 使用同一套 shader / batch / text atlas / texture contract。
+
+## 7. 关键数据契约调整
+
+### 7.1 UITextureHandle 语义收口
+
+受影响文件:
+
+- `engine/include/XCEngine/UI/Types.h`
+- `new_editor/app/Rendering/Native/NativeRenderer.cpp`
+- `new_editor/app/Rendering/Native/NativeRendererHelpers.h`
+- `new_editor/app/Rendering/D3D12/D3D12WindowRenderer.cpp`
+- `new_editor/app/Rendering/D3D12/D3D12WindowInteropContext.cpp`
+
+需要做的事:
+
+1. 去掉“D2D bitmap handle”和“viewport SRV handle”这两套历史含义。
+2. 统一主窗口 UI 渲染期对 `nativeHandle` 的解释:
+   `nativeHandle` 就是 GPU 可采样 descriptor handle。
+3. `resourceHandle` 不再用于每帧渲染查找 `D3D11On12 wrapped resource`。
+4. `kind` 要么重命名为更准确的 GPU 语义，要么保留枚举名但重新定义 contract，并把所有调用点一起收口。
+
+### 7.2 图片像素格式收口
+
+当前 `DecodeTextureFrame()` 输出 `32bppPBGRA`，这是为 D2D 服务的。
+
+原生 D3D12 UI pass 必须改成统一的 GPU 纹理契约:
+
+- 统一使用 `R8G8B8A8_UNorm`
+- 明确使用 straight alpha 还是 premultiplied alpha
+- blend state 和 shader 按这一个约定实现
+
+这个点必须全链路一致:
+
+- 文件纹理加载
+- 内存纹理加载
+- embedded PNG
+- asset preview 缩略图
+- glyph atlas
+- white texture
+
+## 8. D3D12 渲染链改造计划
+
+### 8.1 D3D12WindowSwapChainPresenter
+
+受影响文件:
+
+- `new_editor/app/Rendering/D3D12/D3D12WindowSwapChainPresenter.h`
+- `new_editor/app/Rendering/D3D12/D3D12WindowSwapChainPresenter.cpp`
+
+必须改造:
+
+1. `PreparePresentSurface()` 要改成更明确的 backbuffer render begin 语义。
+2. 新增对称的 backbuffer render end / present finalize 语义。
+3. 不再依赖 interop 帮忙把 backbuffer 从 `RenderTarget` 回到 `Present`。
+4. `RenderSurface` 元数据要和真实 backbuffer 状态一致。
+
+建议改成两段式接口:
+
+- `PrepareCurrentBackBufferForUiRender(renderContext)`
+- `FinalizeCurrentBackBufferForPresent(renderContext)`
+
+### 8.2 D3D12WindowRenderer
+
+受影响文件:
+
+- `new_editor/app/Rendering/D3D12/D3D12WindowRenderer.h`
+- `new_editor/app/Rendering/D3D12/D3D12WindowRenderer.cpp`
+
+必须改造:
+
+1. 保留 `BeginFrame()`。
+2. 不再让 `SubmitFrame(false)` 提前提交，再由别的 API 补 UI。
+3. 提供当前 frame 的:
+   - `RenderContext`
+   - `D3D12CommandList`
+   - 当前 backbuffer surface
+4. `PresentFrame()` 前必须确保本 frame command list 已经包含 UI pass。
+
+### 8.3 D3D12WindowRenderLoop
+
+受影响文件:
+
+- `new_editor/app/Rendering/D3D12/D3D12WindowRenderLoop.h`
+- `new_editor/app/Rendering/D3D12/D3D12WindowRenderLoop.cpp`
+
+这是主窗口热路径的 orchestrator，必须重写逻辑。
+
+当前职责里最需要删除的是:
+
+- interop attach/detach
+- “present failure -> 回退 hwnd D2D renderer”
+
+最终流程应当是:
+
+```text
+BeginFrame()
+-> EditorShellRuntime 更新并生成 UIDrawData
+-> RenderRequestedViewports(renderContext)
+-> PrepareCurrentBackBufferForUiRender(renderContext)
+-> D3D12UiRenderer::Render(drawData, renderContext, backbufferSurface)
+-> FinalizeCurrentBackBufferForPresent(renderContext)
+-> SubmitFrame()
+-> SignalFrameCompletion()
+-> PresentFrame()
+```
+
+也就是说，`D3D12WindowRenderLoop::Present()` 不能再只是“调用某个 UI renderer 再兜底”，而必须变成真正的原生 D3D12 submit/present 收口点。
+
+## 9. UI pass 具体实现计划
+
+### 9.1 Batch 构建
+
+建议新增一层 CPU batch builder。
+
+输入:
+
+- `UIDrawData`
+
+输出:
+
+- 顶点流
+- 索引流
+- batch 列表
+
+每个 batch 至少包含:
+
+- `firstIndex`
+- `indexCount`
+- `scissorRect`
+- `textureDescriptor`
+
+batch 切分条件:
+
+- clip/scissor 变化
+- texture 变化
+- pipeline 变化
+
+禁止的做法:
+
+- 继续一条命令调用一次 D3D API
+- 继续在渲染期动态创建图形对象
+- 继续依赖 D2D 帮忙做 clip/gradient/text
+
+### 9.2 几何生成
+
+必须明确每种命令的几何策略:
+
+- `FilledRect`
+  两三角形，圆角时用 CPU 扇形近似。
+
+- `RectOutline`
+  生成为四条边的条带几何，或拆成若干三角形。
+
+- `Line`
+  生成厚线四边形。
+
+- `FilledTriangle`
+  直接三角形。
+
+- `FilledCircle`
+  CPU 分段近似生成扇形。
+
+- `CircleOutline`
+  CPU 分段生成环带。
+
+- `FilledRectLinearGradient`
+  与普通矩形相同，但顶点颜色按方向插值。
+
+- `Image`
+  生成标准 textured quad。
+
+- `Text`
+  生成 glyph textured quads。
+
+### 9.3 Clip 栈
+
+现有 `PushClipRect/PopClipRect` 必须映射成真正的 scissor 逻辑。
+
+具体要求:
+
+- CPU 维护 clip stack。
+- `intersectWithCurrentClip` 必须保留语义。
+- clip 变化时强制 flush 当前 batch。
+- D3D12 command list 在每个 batch 提交前设置 scissor。
+
+### 9.4 Per-frame 上传资源
+
+不能每帧创建/销毁 vertex/index buffer。
+
+必须改成:
+
+- 以 `frame slot` 为单位分配 upload buffer ring
+- 每个 frame slot 至少持有:
+  - vertex upload buffer
+  - index upload buffer
+  - 必要时 frame constants buffer
+- 重用现有 `D3D12HostDevice::kFrameContextCount`
+
+这里要注意:
+
+- 现有 `D3D12HostDevice` 已经按 frame slot 做 fence 跟踪。
+- UI pass 的动态上传资源也必须跟这个 frame slot 生命周期绑定，不能另起一套未受 fence 保护的资源轮换。
+
+### 9.5 Root signature / pipeline / sampler
+
+推荐把 UI pass 收敛为一套固定资源布局:
+
+- root constants 或 frame CBV:
+  正交投影、屏幕尺寸等 frame 常量
+- descriptor table:
+  当前 batch 使用的 SRV
+- static sampler:
+  至少一个 `linear clamp`
+
+需要明确:
+
+- 是否保留 `point clamp` 给像素风图标或 object-id 类资源
+- 是否通过 `white texture` 统一纯色图元路径
+
+## 10. 文本系统重构计划
+
+### 10.1 测量与渲染共享同一套文本缓存
+
+受影响文件:
+
+- `new_editor/include/XCEditor/Foundation/UIEditorTextMeasurement.h`
+- `new_editor/app/Rendering/Native/NativeRenderer.h`
+- `new_editor/app/Rendering/Native/NativeRenderer.cpp`
+- `new_editor/src/Shell/UIEditorShellInteraction.cpp`
+- `new_editor/app/Features/Project/ProjectPanel.cpp`
+- `new_editor/app/Platform/Win32/EditorWindowChromeController.cpp`
+
+必须改造:
+
+1. `MeasureTextWidth()` 不再挂在一个 D2D renderer 身上。
+2. 文本测量与渲染共享一套 `DirectWriteTextSystem`。
+3. 同一个 `(font size, string)` 的 layout 结果可以同时服务:
+   - 宽度测量
+   - glyph quad 生成
+
+### 10.2 Glyph atlas
+
+必须解决的问题:
+
+- atlas 尺寸策略
+- glyph key 设计
+- atlas 满了之后的增长或淘汰
+- atlas dirty 区域上传
+- 多 DPI / 多字号支持
+
+推荐 key:
+
+- font family
+- font size
+- weight/style
+- glyph index
+- antialias mode
+
+推荐策略:
+
+- 初始 atlas 固定尺寸
+- dirty rect 子区域上传
+- 如 atlas 不够则扩容并重建 descriptor，不做每帧整图重建
+
+### 10.3 文字行为一致性
+
+必须验证:
+
+- 标题栏 FPS 文本
+- 面板标题
+- 菜单栏
+- tab 文本
+- ProjectPanel 路径 breadcrumb
+- Inspector / Hierarchy / StatusBar
+- 中文字符串显示
+- DPI 切换后文字大小与定位
+
+## 11. 纹理与图片路径重构计划
+
+### 11.1 现有图片调用点
+
+必须覆盖以下来源:
+
+- `EmbeddedPngLoader`
+- `BuiltInIcons`
+- `SceneViewportToolOverlay`
+- asset preview 缩略图
+- viewport surface texture handle
+
+对应文件:
+
+- `new_editor/app/Support/EmbeddedPngLoader.cpp`
+- `new_editor/app/Rendering/Assets/BuiltInIcons.cpp`
+- `new_editor/app/Features/Scene/SceneViewportToolOverlay.cpp`
+- `new_editor/app/Rendering/Viewport/ViewportRenderTargets.cpp`
+- `new_editor/app/Rendering/D3D12/D3D12WindowRenderer.cpp`
+
+### 11.2 descriptor 分配器
+
+`D3D12ShaderResourceDescriptorAllocator` 现在只明确服务 viewport texture。
+
+重构后它要么:
+
+- 直接升级为 editor 全局 UI SRV 分配器
+
+要么:
+
+- viewport texture allocator 和 editor texture allocator 分离
+
+但最终必须解决三个问题:
+
+1. editor 自己的图片纹理和 viewport 纹理都能在 UI pass 中按同一方式绑定。
+2. descriptor 不泄漏。
+3. resize / window shutdown / texture release 时 descriptor 生命周期正确。
+
+## 12. 截图链路重构计划
+
+受影响文件:
+
+- `new_editor/app/Rendering/Native/AutoScreenshot.cpp`
+- `new_editor/app/Rendering/Native/AutoScreenshot.h`
+- 以及新的 GPU capture 模块
+
+重构后截图流程:
+
+```text
+UIDrawData
+-> D3D12 offscreen color texture
+-> same UI pipeline render
+-> readback buffer
+-> WIC encode PNG
+```
+
+必须删除:
+
+- `CreateWicBitmapRenderTarget`
+- `ID2D1RenderTarget::EndDraw` 截图路径
+
+## 13. 旧代码删除与收口计划
+
+### 13.1 必删模块
+
+以下旧模块在最终收口时不应继续存在于主窗口热路径:
+
+- `new_editor/app/Rendering/D3D12/D3D12WindowInteropContext.h`
+- `new_editor/app/Rendering/D3D12/D3D12WindowInteropContext.cpp`
+- `new_editor/app/Rendering/D3D12/D3D12WindowInteropHelpers.h`
+
+以下旧模块要么删除，要么被拆空成兼容壳，最终不能继续承担主窗口 UI 显示:
+
+- `new_editor/app/Rendering/Native/NativeRenderer.h`
+- `new_editor/app/Rendering/Native/NativeRenderer.cpp`
+- `new_editor/app/Rendering/Native/NativeRendererHelpers.h`
+
+### 13.2 构建系统收口
+
+受影响文件:
+
+- `new_editor/CMakeLists.txt`
+
+需要做的事:
+
+1. 移除 interop 相关源文件。
+2. 新增 `D3D12UiRenderer`、text system、texture host、capture renderer 源文件。
+3. 最终主窗口热路径不再依赖 `d3d11.lib`。
+4. 如果截图也已完全切走，则 `d2d1.lib` 也应移除。
+
+`dwrite.lib` 和 `windowscodecs.lib` 可以继续保留，因为它们分别服务:
+
+- 文本测量/字形分析
+- PNG/WIC 编码解码
+
+## 14. 受影响文件总表
+
+### 14.1 必改文件
+
+- `new_editor/CMakeLists.txt`
+- `engine/include/XCEngine/UI/Types.h`
+- `new_editor/app/Platform/Win32/EditorWindowRuntimeController.h`
+- `new_editor/app/Platform/Win32/EditorWindowRuntimeController.cpp`
+- `new_editor/app/Rendering/D3D12/D3D12WindowRenderLoop.h`
+- `new_editor/app/Rendering/D3D12/D3D12WindowRenderLoop.cpp`
+- `new_editor/app/Rendering/D3D12/D3D12WindowRenderer.h`
+- `new_editor/app/Rendering/D3D12/D3D12WindowRenderer.cpp`
+- `new_editor/app/Rendering/D3D12/D3D12WindowSwapChainPresenter.h`
+- `new_editor/app/Rendering/D3D12/D3D12WindowSwapChainPresenter.cpp`
+- `new_editor/app/Rendering/D3D12/D3D12ShaderResourceDescriptorAllocator.h`
+- `new_editor/app/Rendering/D3D12/D3D12ShaderResourceDescriptorAllocator.cpp`
+- `new_editor/app/Rendering/Assets/BuiltInIcons.cpp`
+- `new_editor/app/Support/EmbeddedPngLoader.cpp`
+- `new_editor/app/Rendering/Native/AutoScreenshot.cpp`
+- `new_editor/app/Rendering/Native/AutoScreenshot.h`
+
+### 14.2 高概率新增文件
+
+- `new_editor/app/Rendering/D3D12/D3D12UiRenderer.h`
+- `new_editor/app/Rendering/D3D12/D3D12UiRenderer.cpp`
+- `new_editor/app/Rendering/D3D12/D3D12UiBatchBuilder.h`
+- `new_editor/app/Rendering/D3D12/D3D12UiBatchBuilder.cpp`
+- `new_editor/app/Rendering/D3D12/D3D12UiTextureHost.h`
+- `new_editor/app/Rendering/D3D12/D3D12UiTextureHost.cpp`
+- `new_editor/app/Rendering/D3D12/DirectWriteTextSystem.h`
+- `new_editor/app/Rendering/D3D12/DirectWriteTextSystem.cpp`
+- `new_editor/app/Rendering/D3D12/D3D12UiCaptureRenderer.h`
+- `new_editor/app/Rendering/D3D12/D3D12UiCaptureRenderer.cpp`
+- `new_editor/resources/shaders/ui/...`
+
+### 14.3 必删文件
+
+- `new_editor/app/Rendering/D3D12/D3D12WindowInteropContext.h`
+- `new_editor/app/Rendering/D3D12/D3D12WindowInteropContext.cpp`
+- `new_editor/app/Rendering/D3D12/D3D12WindowInteropHelpers.h`
+
+## 15. 分阶段实施顺序
+
+### 阶段 A: 先把显示热路径切正
+
+目标:
+
+- 主窗口不再走 `D3D11On12/D2D`
+- viewport 纹理直接采样
+- backbuffer 状态显式闭环
+
+执行顺序:
+
+1. 引入新的 `D3D12UiRenderer` 骨架。
+2. 改 `D3D12WindowSwapChainPresenter`，补齐 backbuffer begin/end。
+3. 改 `D3D12WindowRenderLoop`，把 UI pass 放进同一 command list。
+4. 先支持:
+   - FilledRect
+   - RectOutline
+   - Line
+   - Image
+   - PushClipRect / PopClipRect
+5. 让空面板、普通图标 UI、viewport 纹理直采先跑通。
+
+阶段 A 完成标准:
+
+- 主窗口帧内不再出现 interop acquire/release/flush。
+- 关闭 scene 只留空面板时，仍然走原生 D3D12 UI pass。
+
+### 阶段 B: 补齐全部 UI 命令
+
+目标:
+
+- 所有现有 `UIDrawCommandType` 行为可用
+
+执行顺序:
+
+1. 补三角化命令:
+   - gradient rect
+   - triangle
+   - circle
+   - outline circle
+2. 补圆角矩形/描边近似策略。
+3. 调整 batch 合并与 scissor flush。
+
+### 阶段 C: 文本系统切换
+
+目标:
+
+- 删除 `D2D::DrawTextW` 作为显示手段
+
+执行顺序:
+
+1. 引入 `DirectWriteTextSystem`
+2. 先完成文本测量迁移
+3. 再完成 glyph atlas 与文本 quad 输出
+4. 替换主窗口文本绘制
+
+阶段 C 完成标准:
+
+- FPS 文本、菜单、tab、ProjectPanel、StatusBar 文本都走 atlas 路径。
+
+### 阶段 D: 截图链路切换
+
+目标:
+
+- 屏幕和截图使用同一 UI 渲染路径
+
+执行顺序:
+
+1. 新建离屏 UI capture renderer
+2. 接到 `AutoScreenshot`
+3. 删除 D2D screenshot path
+
+### 阶段 E: 删除旧代码与链接依赖
+
+目标:
+
+- 真正收口，而不是新旧并存
+
+执行顺序:
+
+1. 删除 `D3D12WindowInteropContext`
+2. 删除 interop helpers
+3. 删除旧 `NativeRenderer` 中的 D2D/D3D11On12 代码
+4. 清理 `CMake`
+
+## 16. 风险清单
+
+### 16.1 状态回归风险
+
+如果只删 interop、不补 `RenderTarget -> Present`，就会直接出现:
+
+- present 失败
+- 黑屏
+- DXGI 报错
+
+这是第一优先级风险。
+
+### 16.2 文本外观差异风险
+
+从 D2D 文本切到 atlas 后，最容易变化的是:
+
+- baseline
+- 字距
+- 灰度抗锯齿观感
+- 中文字形边缘
+
+这需要单独做 UI 对比验证。
+
+### 16.3 像素格式风险
+
+当前图片链路是 `PBGRA`，新链路如果切成 `RGBA` 但 blend/shader 没一起改，会出现:
+
+- 图标发黑
+- 半透明边缘发灰
+- 预乘错误
+
+### 16.4 descriptor 生命周期风险
+
+如果 SRV 分配与释放没有彻底梳理，会出现:
+
+- viewport 纹理释放后 descriptor 悬挂
+- asset preview 刷新泄漏 descriptor
+- 多窗口关闭后 descriptor 未回收
+
+### 16.5 截图路径分叉风险
+
+如果截图仍走旧 D2D 路径，后续任何 UI 行为验证都会变得不可信。
+
+## 17. 验证标准
+
+### 17.1 代码级验证
+
+最终热路径代码里不应再存在以下调用:
+
+- `D3D11On12CreateDevice`
+- `AcquireWrappedResources`
+- `ReleaseWrappedResources`
+- `CreateBitmapFromDxgiSurface`
+- `ID3D11DeviceContext::Flush`
+- `ID2D1DeviceContext::SetTarget(backbuffer)`
+- `DrawTextW` 用于主窗口 present
+
+### 17.2 运行时验证
+
+必须覆盖以下场景:
+
+- 只留一个空白面板
+- 只留 scene 面板
+- scene 为空场景
+- 多面板正常布局
+- tab 拖出独立窗口
+- DPI 改变
+- 窗口 resize
+- asset preview 缩略图出现与回收
+- scene/game viewport 纹理显示
+- 自动截图
+- 标题栏 FPS 持续刷新
+
+### 17.3 图形调试验证
+
+建议用 PIX 或 RenderDoc 验证:
+
+- 一帧内主窗口 UI 是否确实录制在同一条 direct command list 上
+- swapchain backbuffer 状态切换是否完整
+- 是否已不存在 D3D11 packet / interop 提交
+
+## 18. 收口判定
+
+只有同时满足以下条件，这次重构才算收口彻底:
+
+1. 主窗口 UI 每帧显示热路径完全不再依赖 `D3D11On12/D2D`。
+2. viewport 纹理改为 GPU 直接采样。
+3. backbuffer 显式状态闭环完成。
+4. 文本显示改为 atlas + GPU quad，而不是 `DrawTextW`。
+5. 截图与屏幕使用同一套 UI pass。
+6. 旧 interop 代码被删除，而不是隐藏保留。
+
+如果只做到其中前两三项，那只是“部分切换”，不算这次重构真正结束。