#include <gtest/gtest.h>

#include <XCEngine/Components/CameraComponent.h>
#include <XCEngine/RHI/RHICommandList.h>
#include <XCEngine/RHI/RHICommandQueue.h>
#include <XCEngine/RHI/RHIDevice.h>
#include <XCEngine/RHI/RHIResourceView.h>
#include <XCEngine/RHI/RHITexture.h>
#include <XCEngine/Core/Math/Vector4.h>
#include <XCEngine/Rendering/Execution/CameraRenderer.h>
#include <XCEngine/Rendering/RenderPipelineAsset.h>
#include <XCEngine/Rendering/RenderSurface.h>
#include <XCEngine/Rendering/Execution/SceneRenderer.h>
#include <XCEngine/Resources/Material/Material.h>
#include <XCEngine/Resources/Shader/ShaderKeywordTypes.h>
#include <XCEngine/Scene/Scene.h>

#include <memory>
#include <string>
#include <vector>

using namespace XCEngine::Components;
using namespace XCEngine::Rendering;

namespace {

struct MockPipelineState {
    int initializeCalls = 0;
    int shutdownCalls = 0;
    int renderCalls = 0;
    bool renderResult = true;
    uint32_t lastSurfaceWidth = 0;
    uint32_t lastSurfaceHeight = 0;
    int32_t lastRenderAreaX = 0;
    int32_t lastRenderAreaY = 0;
    int32_t lastRenderAreaWidth = 0;
    int32_t lastRenderAreaHeight = 0;
    uint32_t lastCameraViewportWidth = 0;
    uint32_t lastCameraViewportHeight = 0;
    CameraComponent* lastCamera = nullptr;
    size_t lastVisibleItemCount = 0;
    RenderClearFlags lastClearFlags = RenderClearFlags::All;
    XCEngine::Math::Color lastClearColor = XCEngine::Math::Color::Black();
    bool lastHasMainDirectionalShadow = false;
    XCEngine::RHI::RHIResourceView* lastShadowMap = nullptr;
    XCEngine::Math::Matrix4x4 lastShadowViewProjection = XCEngine::Math::Matrix4x4::Identity();
    RenderDirectionalShadowMapMetrics lastShadowMapMetrics = {};
    RenderDirectionalShadowSamplingData lastShadowSampling = {};
    bool lastHasMainDirectionalShadowKeyword = false;
    RenderEnvironmentMode lastEnvironmentMode = RenderEnvironmentMode::None;
    bool lastHasSkybox = false;
    const XCEngine::Resources::Material* lastSkyboxMaterial = nullptr;
    std::vector<CameraComponent*> renderedCameras;
    std::vector<RenderClearFlags> renderedClearFlags;
    std::vector<XCEngine::Math::Color> renderedClearColors;
    std::vector<std::string> eventLog;
};

struct MockShadowAllocationState {
    int createTextureCalls = 0;
    int shutdownTextureCalls = 0;
    int destroyTextureCalls = 0;
    int createRenderTargetViewCalls = 0;
    int shutdownRenderTargetViewCalls = 0;
    int destroyRenderTargetViewCalls = 0;
    int createDepthViewCalls = 0;
    int shutdownDepthViewCalls = 0;
    int destroyDepthViewCalls = 0;
    int createShaderViewCalls = 0;
    int shutdownShaderViewCalls = 0;
    int destroyShaderViewCalls = 0;
    uint32_t lastTextureWidth = 0;
    uint32_t lastTextureHeight = 0;
    XCEngine::RHI::Format lastTextureFormat = XCEngine::RHI::Format::Unknown;
    XCEngine::RHI::Format lastRenderTargetViewFormat = XCEngine::RHI::Format::Unknown;
    XCEngine::RHI::Format lastDepthViewFormat = XCEngine::RHI::Format::Unknown;
    XCEngine::RHI::Format lastShaderViewFormat = XCEngine::RHI::Format::Unknown;
};

class MockShadowTexture final : public XCEngine::RHI::RHITexture {
public:
    MockShadowTexture(
        std::shared_ptr<MockShadowAllocationState> state,
        uint32_t width,
        uint32_t height,
        XCEngine::RHI::Format format)
        : m_state(std::move(state))
        , m_width(width)
        , m_height(height)
        , m_format(format) {
    }

    ~MockShadowTexture() override {
        ++m_state->destroyTextureCalls;
    }

    uint32_t GetWidth() const override { return m_width; }
    uint32_t GetHeight() const override { return m_height; }
    uint32_t GetDepth() const override { return 1; }
    uint32_t GetMipLevels() const override { return 1; }
    XCEngine::RHI::Format GetFormat() const override { return m_format; }
    XCEngine::RHI::TextureType GetTextureType() const override { return XCEngine::RHI::TextureType::Texture2D; }
    XCEngine::RHI::ResourceStates GetState() const override { return m_stateValue; }
    void SetState(XCEngine::RHI::ResourceStates state) override { m_stateValue = state; }
    void* GetNativeHandle() override { return nullptr; }
    const std::string& GetName() const override { return m_name; }
    void SetName(const std::string& name) override { m_name = name; }

    void Shutdown() override {
        ++m_state->shutdownTextureCalls;
    }

private:
    std::shared_ptr<MockShadowAllocationState> m_state;
    uint32_t m_width = 0;
    uint32_t m_height = 0;
    XCEngine::RHI::Format m_format = XCEngine::RHI::Format::Unknown;
    XCEngine::RHI::ResourceStates m_stateValue = XCEngine::RHI::ResourceStates::DepthWrite;
    std::string m_name;
};

class MockShadowView final : public XCEngine::RHI::RHIResourceView {
public:
    MockShadowView(
        std::shared_ptr<MockShadowAllocationState> state,
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceViewType viewType,
        XCEngine::RHI::Format format,
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceViewDimension dimension)
        : m_state(std::move(state))
        , m_viewType(viewType)
        , m_format(format)
        , m_dimension(dimension) {
    }

    ~MockShadowView() override {
        if (m_viewType == XCEngine::RHI::ResourceViewType::ShaderResource) {
            ++m_state->destroyShaderViewCalls;
        } else if (m_viewType == XCEngine::RHI::ResourceViewType::RenderTarget) {
            ++m_state->destroyRenderTargetViewCalls;
        } else {
            ++m_state->destroyDepthViewCalls;
        }
    }

    void Shutdown() override {
        if (m_viewType == XCEngine::RHI::ResourceViewType::ShaderResource) {
            ++m_state->shutdownShaderViewCalls;
        } else if (m_viewType == XCEngine::RHI::ResourceViewType::RenderTarget) {
            ++m_state->shutdownRenderTargetViewCalls;
        } else {
            ++m_state->shutdownDepthViewCalls;
        }
    }

    void* GetNativeHandle() override { return nullptr; }
    bool IsValid() const override { return true; }
    XCEngine::RHI::ResourceViewType GetViewType() const override { return m_viewType; }
    XCEngine::RHI::ResourceViewDimension GetDimension() const override { return m_dimension; }
    XCEngine::RHI::Format GetFormat() const override { return m_format; }

private:
    std::shared_ptr<MockShadowAllocationState> m_state;
    XCEngine::RHI::ResourceViewType m_viewType = XCEngine::RHI::ResourceViewType::DepthStencil;
    XCEngine::RHI::Format m_format = XCEngine::RHI::Format::Unknown;
    XCEngine::RHI::ResourceViewDimension m_dimension = XCEngine::RHI::ResourceViewDimension::Unknown;
};

class MockShadowDevice final : public XCEngine::RHI::RHIDevice {
public:
    explicit MockShadowDevice(std::shared_ptr<MockShadowAllocationState> state)
        : m_state(std::move(state)) {
    }

    bool Initialize(const XCEngine::RHI::RHIDeviceDesc&) override { return true; }
    void Shutdown() override {}

    XCEngine::RHI::RHIBuffer* CreateBuffer(const XCEngine::RHI::BufferDesc&) override { return nullptr; }

    XCEngine::RHI::RHITexture* CreateTexture(const XCEngine::RHI::TextureDesc& desc) override {
        ++m_state->createTextureCalls;
        m_state->lastTextureWidth = desc.width;
        m_state->lastTextureHeight = desc.height;
        m_state->lastTextureFormat = static_cast<XCEngine::RHI::Format>(desc.format);
        return new MockShadowTexture(
            m_state,
            desc.width,
            desc.height,
            static_cast<XCEngine::RHI::Format>(desc.format));
    }

    XCEngine::RHI::RHITexture* CreateTexture(
        const XCEngine::RHI::TextureDesc& desc,
        const void*,
        size_t,
        uint32_t) override {
        return CreateTexture(desc);
    }

    XCEngine::RHI::RHISwapChain* CreateSwapChain(
        const XCEngine::RHI::SwapChainDesc&,
        XCEngine::RHI::RHICommandQueue*) override { return nullptr; }
    XCEngine::RHI::RHICommandList* CreateCommandList(const XCEngine::RHI::CommandListDesc&) override { return nullptr; }
    XCEngine::RHI::RHICommandQueue* CreateCommandQueue(const XCEngine::RHI::CommandQueueDesc&) override { return nullptr; }
    XCEngine::RHI::RHIShader* CreateShader(const XCEngine::RHI::ShaderCompileDesc&) override { return nullptr; }
    XCEngine::RHI::RHIPipelineState* CreatePipelineState(const XCEngine::RHI::GraphicsPipelineDesc&) override { return nullptr; }
    XCEngine::RHI::RHIPipelineLayout* CreatePipelineLayout(const XCEngine::RHI::RHIPipelineLayoutDesc&) override { return nullptr; }
    XCEngine::RHI::RHIFence* CreateFence(const XCEngine::RHI::FenceDesc&) override { return nullptr; }
    XCEngine::RHI::RHISampler* CreateSampler(const XCEngine::RHI::SamplerDesc&) override { return nullptr; }

    XCEngine::RHI::RHIRenderPass* CreateRenderPass(
        uint32_t,
        const XCEngine::RHI::AttachmentDesc*,
        const XCEngine::RHI::AttachmentDesc*) override { return nullptr; }
    XCEngine::RHI::RHIFramebuffer* CreateFramebuffer(
        XCEngine::RHI::RHIRenderPass*,
        uint32_t,
        uint32_t,
        uint32_t,
        XCEngine::RHI::RHIResourceView**,
        XCEngine::RHI::RHIResourceView*) override { return nullptr; }

    XCEngine::RHI::RHIDescriptorPool* CreateDescriptorPool(const XCEngine::RHI::DescriptorPoolDesc&) override { return nullptr; }
    XCEngine::RHI::RHIDescriptorSet* CreateDescriptorSet(
        XCEngine::RHI::RHIDescriptorPool*,
        const XCEngine::RHI::DescriptorSetLayoutDesc&) override { return nullptr; }

    XCEngine::RHI::RHIResourceView* CreateVertexBufferView(
        XCEngine::RHI::RHIBuffer*,
        const XCEngine::RHI::ResourceViewDesc&) override { return nullptr; }
    XCEngine::RHI::RHIResourceView* CreateIndexBufferView(
        XCEngine::RHI::RHIBuffer*,
        const XCEngine::RHI::ResourceViewDesc&) override { return nullptr; }
    XCEngine::RHI::RHIResourceView* CreateRenderTargetView(
        XCEngine::RHI::RHITexture*,
        const XCEngine::RHI::ResourceViewDesc& desc) override {
        ++m_state->createRenderTargetViewCalls;
        m_state->lastRenderTargetViewFormat = static_cast<XCEngine::RHI::Format>(desc.format);
        return new MockShadowView(
            m_state,
            XCEngine::RHI::ResourceViewType::RenderTarget,
            static_cast<XCEngine::RHI::Format>(desc.format),
            desc.dimension);
    }

    XCEngine::RHI::RHIResourceView* CreateDepthStencilView(
        XCEngine::RHI::RHITexture*,
        const XCEngine::RHI::ResourceViewDesc& desc) override {
        ++m_state->createDepthViewCalls;
        m_state->lastDepthViewFormat = static_cast<XCEngine::RHI::Format>(desc.format);
        return new MockShadowView(
            m_state,
            XCEngine::RHI::ResourceViewType::DepthStencil,
            static_cast<XCEngine::RHI::Format>(desc.format),
            desc.dimension);
    }

    XCEngine::RHI::RHIResourceView* CreateShaderResourceView(
        XCEngine::RHI::RHIBuffer*,
        const XCEngine::RHI::ResourceViewDesc&) override { return nullptr; }
    XCEngine::RHI::RHIResourceView* CreateShaderResourceView(
        XCEngine::RHI::RHITexture*,
        const XCEngine::RHI::ResourceViewDesc& desc) override {
        ++m_state->createShaderViewCalls;
        m_state->lastShaderViewFormat = static_cast<XCEngine::RHI::Format>(desc.format);
        return new MockShadowView(
            m_state,
            XCEngine::RHI::ResourceViewType::ShaderResource,
            static_cast<XCEngine::RHI::Format>(desc.format),
            desc.dimension);
    }
    XCEngine::RHI::RHIResourceView* CreateUnorderedAccessView(
        XCEngine::RHI::RHIBuffer*,
        const XCEngine::RHI::ResourceViewDesc&) override { return nullptr; }
    XCEngine::RHI::RHIResourceView* CreateUnorderedAccessView(
        XCEngine::RHI::RHITexture*,
        const XCEngine::RHI::ResourceViewDesc&) override { return nullptr; }

    const XCEngine::RHI::RHICapabilities& GetCapabilities() const override { return m_capabilities; }
    const XCEngine::RHI::RHIDeviceInfo& GetDeviceInfo() const override { return m_deviceInfo; }
    void* GetNativeDevice() override { return nullptr; }

private:
    std::shared_ptr<MockShadowAllocationState> m_state;
    XCEngine::RHI::RHICapabilities m_capabilities = {};
    XCEngine::RHI::RHIDeviceInfo m_deviceInfo = {};
};

struct MockPipelineAssetState {
    int createCalls = 0;
    std::shared_ptr<MockPipelineState> lastCreatedPipelineState;
    FinalColorSettings defaultFinalColorSettings = {};
};

class MockPipeline final : public RenderPipeline {
public:
    explicit MockPipeline(std::shared_ptr<MockPipelineState> state)
        : m_state(std::move(state)) {
    }

    bool Initialize(const RenderContext&) override {
        ++m_state->initializeCalls;
        return true;
    }

    void Shutdown() override {
        ++m_state->shutdownCalls;
    }

    bool Render(
        const RenderContext&,
        const RenderSurface& surface,
        const RenderSceneData& sceneData) override {
        m_state->eventLog.push_back("pipeline");
        ++m_state->renderCalls;
        m_state->lastSurfaceWidth = surface.GetWidth();
        m_state->lastSurfaceHeight = surface.GetHeight();
        const XCEngine::Math::RectInt renderArea = surface.GetRenderArea();
        m_state->lastRenderAreaX = renderArea.x;
        m_state->lastRenderAreaY = renderArea.y;
        m_state->lastRenderAreaWidth = renderArea.width;
        m_state->lastRenderAreaHeight = renderArea.height;
        m_state->lastCamera = sceneData.camera;
        m_state->lastCameraViewportWidth = sceneData.cameraData.viewportWidth;
        m_state->lastCameraViewportHeight = sceneData.cameraData.viewportHeight;
        m_state->lastVisibleItemCount = sceneData.visibleItems.size();
        m_state->lastClearFlags = sceneData.cameraData.clearFlags;
        m_state->lastClearColor = sceneData.cameraData.clearColor;
        m_state->lastHasMainDirectionalShadow = sceneData.lighting.HasMainDirectionalShadow();
        m_state->lastShadowMap = sceneData.lighting.mainDirectionalShadow.shadowMap;
        m_state->lastShadowViewProjection = sceneData.lighting.mainDirectionalShadow.viewProjection;
        m_state->lastShadowMapMetrics = sceneData.lighting.mainDirectionalShadow.mapMetrics;
        m_state->lastShadowSampling = sceneData.lighting.mainDirectionalShadow.sampling;
        m_state->lastHasMainDirectionalShadowKeyword =
            XCEngine::Resources::ShaderKeywordSetContains(
                sceneData.globalShaderKeywords,
                "XC_MAIN_LIGHT_SHADOWS");
        m_state->lastEnvironmentMode = sceneData.environment.mode;
        m_state->lastHasSkybox = sceneData.environment.HasSkybox();
        m_state->lastSkyboxMaterial = sceneData.environment.materialSkybox.material;
        m_state->renderedCameras.push_back(sceneData.camera);
        m_state->renderedClearFlags.push_back(sceneData.cameraData.clearFlags);
        m_state->renderedClearColors.push_back(sceneData.cameraData.clearColor);
        return m_state->renderResult;
    }

private:
    std::shared_ptr<MockPipelineState> m_state;
};

class MockPipelineAsset final : public RenderPipelineAsset {
public:
    explicit MockPipelineAsset(std::shared_ptr<MockPipelineAssetState> state)
        : m_state(std::move(state)) {
    }

    std::unique_ptr<RenderPipeline> CreatePipeline() const override {
        ++m_state->createCalls;
        m_state->lastCreatedPipelineState = std::make_shared<MockPipelineState>();
        return std::make_unique<MockPipeline>(m_state->lastCreatedPipelineState);
    }

    FinalColorSettings GetDefaultFinalColorSettings() const override {
        return m_state->defaultFinalColorSettings;
    }

private:
    std::shared_ptr<MockPipelineAssetState> m_state;
};

class MockObjectIdPass final : public RenderPass {
public:
    MockObjectIdPass(
        std::shared_ptr<MockPipelineState> state,
        bool renderResult = true)
        : m_state(std::move(state))
        , m_renderResult(renderResult) {
    }

    const char* GetName() const override {
        return "MockObjectIdPass";
    }

    bool Execute(const RenderPassContext&) override {
        m_state->eventLog.push_back("objectId");
        return m_renderResult;
    }

    void Shutdown() override {
        m_state->eventLog.push_back("shutdown:objectId");
    }

private:
    std::shared_ptr<MockPipelineState> m_state;
    bool m_renderResult = true;
};

class MockScenePass final : public RenderPass {
public:
    MockScenePass(
        std::shared_ptr<MockPipelineState> state,
        const char* label,
        bool initializeResult = true,
        bool executeResult = true)
        : m_state(std::move(state))
        , m_label(label)
        , m_initializeResult(initializeResult)
        , m_executeResult(executeResult) {
    }

    const char* GetName() const override {
        return m_label;
    }

    bool Initialize(const RenderContext&) override {
        m_state->eventLog.push_back(std::string("init:") + m_label);
        return m_initializeResult;
    }

    bool Execute(const RenderPassContext& context) override {
        m_state->eventLog.push_back(m_label);
        lastViewportWidth = context.sceneData.cameraData.viewportWidth;
        lastViewportHeight = context.sceneData.cameraData.viewportHeight;
        lastClearFlags = context.sceneData.cameraData.clearFlags;
        lastClearColor = context.sceneData.cameraData.clearColor;
        lastWorldPosition = context.sceneData.cameraData.worldPosition;
        lastSurfaceWidth = context.surface.GetRenderAreaWidth();
        lastSurfaceHeight = context.surface.GetRenderAreaHeight();
        lastHasSourceSurface = context.sourceSurface != nullptr;
        if (context.sourceSurface != nullptr) {
            lastSourceSurfaceWidth = context.sourceSurface->GetRenderAreaWidth();
            lastSourceSurfaceHeight = context.sourceSurface->GetRenderAreaHeight();
        }
        lastSourceColorView = context.sourceColorView;
        lastSourceColorState = context.sourceColorState;
        return m_executeResult;
    }

    void Shutdown() override {
        m_state->eventLog.push_back(std::string("shutdown:") + m_label);
    }

    uint32_t lastViewportWidth = 0;
    uint32_t lastViewportHeight = 0;
    RenderClearFlags lastClearFlags = RenderClearFlags::All;
    XCEngine::Math::Color lastClearColor = XCEngine::Math::Color::Black();
    XCEngine::Math::Vector3 lastWorldPosition = XCEngine::Math::Vector3::Zero();
    uint32_t lastSurfaceWidth = 0;
    uint32_t lastSurfaceHeight = 0;
    bool lastHasSourceSurface = false;
    uint32_t lastSourceSurfaceWidth = 0;
    uint32_t lastSourceSurfaceHeight = 0;
    XCEngine::RHI::RHIResourceView* lastSourceColorView = nullptr;
    XCEngine::RHI::ResourceStates lastSourceColorState = XCEngine::RHI::ResourceStates::Common;

private:
    std::shared_ptr<MockPipelineState> m_state;
    const char* m_label = "";
    bool m_initializeResult = true;
    bool m_executeResult = true;
};

class TrackingPass final : public RenderPass {
public:
    TrackingPass(
        std::shared_ptr<MockPipelineState> state,
        const char* label,
        bool initializeResult = true,
        bool executeResult = true)
        : m_state(std::move(state))
        , m_label(label)
        , m_initializeResult(initializeResult)
        , m_executeResult(executeResult) {
    }

    const char* GetName() const override {
        return m_label;
    }

    bool Initialize(const RenderContext&) override {
        m_state->eventLog.push_back(std::string("init:") + m_label);
        return m_initializeResult;
    }

    bool Execute(const RenderPassContext& context) override {
        m_state->eventLog.push_back(m_label);
        lastSurfaceWidth = context.surface.GetRenderAreaWidth();
        lastSurfaceHeight = context.surface.GetRenderAreaHeight();
        lastHasSourceSurface = context.sourceSurface != nullptr;
        if (context.sourceSurface != nullptr) {
            lastSourceSurfaceWidth = context.sourceSurface->GetRenderAreaWidth();
            lastSourceSurfaceHeight = context.sourceSurface->GetRenderAreaHeight();
        }
        lastSourceColorView = context.sourceColorView;
        lastSourceColorState = context.sourceColorState;
        return m_executeResult;
    }

    void Shutdown() override {
        m_state->eventLog.push_back(std::string("shutdown:") + m_label);
    }

private:
    std::shared_ptr<MockPipelineState> m_state;
    const char* m_label = "";
    bool m_initializeResult = true;
    bool m_executeResult = true;

public:
    uint32_t lastSurfaceWidth = 0;
    uint32_t lastSurfaceHeight = 0;
    bool lastHasSourceSurface = false;
    uint32_t lastSourceSurfaceWidth = 0;
    uint32_t lastSourceSurfaceHeight = 0;
    XCEngine::RHI::RHIResourceView* lastSourceColorView = nullptr;
    XCEngine::RHI::ResourceStates lastSourceColorState = XCEngine::RHI::ResourceStates::Common;
};

RenderContext CreateValidContext() {
    RenderContext context;
    context.device = reinterpret_cast<XCEngine::RHI::RHIDevice*>(1);
    context.commandList = reinterpret_cast<XCEngine::RHI::RHICommandList*>(1);
    context.commandQueue = reinterpret_cast<XCEngine::RHI::RHICommandQueue*>(1);
    return context;
}

} // namespace

TEST(CameraRenderRequest_Test, ReportsFormalFrameStageContract) {
    CameraRenderRequest request;

    RenderPassSequence prePasses;
    RenderPassSequence postProcessPasses;
    RenderPassSequence finalOutputPasses;
    RenderPassSequence postPasses;
    RenderPassSequence overlayPasses;
    request.preScenePasses = &prePasses;
    request.postProcess.passes = &postProcessPasses;
    request.finalOutput.passes = &finalOutputPasses;
    request.postScenePasses = &postPasses;
    request.overlayPasses = &overlayPasses;

    request.directionalShadow.enabled = true;
    request.directionalShadow.mapWidth = 128;
    request.directionalShadow.mapHeight = 64;
    request.directionalShadow.cameraData.viewportWidth = 128;
    request.directionalShadow.cameraData.viewportHeight = 64;

    request.depthOnly.surface = RenderSurface(96, 48);
    request.depthOnly.surface.SetDepthAttachment(reinterpret_cast<XCEngine::RHI::RHIResourceView*>(1));

    request.postProcess.sourceSurface = RenderSurface(256, 128);
    request.postProcess.sourceSurface.SetColorAttachment(reinterpret_cast<XCEngine::RHI::RHIResourceView*>(2));
    request.postProcess.sourceColorView = reinterpret_cast<XCEngine::RHI::RHIResourceView*>(20);
    request.postProcess.sourceColorState = XCEngine::RHI::ResourceStates::PixelShaderResource;
    request.postProcess.destinationSurface = RenderSurface(512, 256);
    request.postProcess.destinationSurface.SetColorAttachment(reinterpret_cast<XCEngine::RHI::RHIResourceView*>(3));

    request.finalOutput.sourceSurface = RenderSurface(512, 256);
    request.finalOutput.sourceSurface.SetColorAttachment(reinterpret_cast<XCEngine::RHI::RHIResourceView*>(4));
    request.finalOutput.sourceColorView = reinterpret_cast<XCEngine::RHI::RHIResourceView*>(40);
    request.finalOutput.sourceColorState = XCEngine::RHI::ResourceStates::PixelShaderResource;
    request.finalOutput.destinationSurface = RenderSurface(640, 360);
    request.finalOutput.destinationSurface.SetColorAttachment(reinterpret_cast<XCEngine::RHI::RHIResourceView*>(5));

    request.objectId.surface = RenderSurface(320, 180);
    request.objectId.surface.SetColorAttachment(reinterpret_cast<XCEngine::RHI::RHIResourceView*>(6));
    request.objectId.surface.SetDepthAttachment(reinterpret_cast<XCEngine::RHI::RHIResourceView*>(7));

    ASSERT_EQ(kOrderedCameraFrameStages.size(), 9u);
    EXPECT_EQ(kOrderedCameraFrameStages[0].stage, CameraFrameStage::PreScenePasses);
    EXPECT_EQ(kOrderedCameraFrameStages[1].stage, CameraFrameStage::ShadowCaster);
    EXPECT_EQ(kOrderedCameraFrameStages[2].stage, CameraFrameStage::DepthOnly);
    EXPECT_EQ(kOrderedCameraFrameStages[3].stage, CameraFrameStage::MainScene);
    EXPECT_EQ(kOrderedCameraFrameStages[4].stage, CameraFrameStage::PostProcess);
    EXPECT_EQ(kOrderedCameraFrameStages[5].stage, CameraFrameStage::FinalOutput);
    EXPECT_EQ(kOrderedCameraFrameStages[6].stage, CameraFrameStage::ObjectId);
    EXPECT_EQ(kOrderedCameraFrameStages[7].stage, CameraFrameStage::PostScenePasses);
    EXPECT_EQ(kOrderedCameraFrameStages[8].stage, CameraFrameStage::OverlayPasses);
    EXPECT_STREQ(GetCameraFrameStageName(CameraFrameStage::MainScene), "MainScene");
    EXPECT_STREQ(GetCameraFrameStageName(CameraFrameStage::PostProcess), "PostProcess");
    EXPECT_STREQ(GetCameraFrameStageName(CameraFrameStage::FinalOutput), "FinalOutput");
    EXPECT_STREQ(GetCameraFrameStageName(CameraFrameStage::OverlayPasses), "OverlayPasses");

    EXPECT_TRUE(request.HasFrameStage(CameraFrameStage::PreScenePasses));
    EXPECT_TRUE(request.HasFrameStage(CameraFrameStage::ShadowCaster));
    EXPECT_TRUE(request.HasFrameStage(CameraFrameStage::DepthOnly));
    EXPECT_TRUE(request.HasFrameStage(CameraFrameStage::MainScene));
    EXPECT_TRUE(request.HasFrameStage(CameraFrameStage::PostProcess));
    EXPECT_TRUE(request.HasFrameStage(CameraFrameStage::FinalOutput));
    EXPECT_TRUE(request.HasFrameStage(CameraFrameStage::ObjectId));
    EXPECT_TRUE(request.HasFrameStage(CameraFrameStage::PostScenePasses));
    EXPECT_TRUE(request.HasFrameStage(CameraFrameStage::OverlayPasses));

    EXPECT_EQ(request.GetPassSequence(CameraFrameStage::PreScenePasses), &prePasses);
    EXPECT_EQ(request.GetPassSequence(CameraFrameStage::PostProcess), &postProcessPasses);
    EXPECT_EQ(request.GetPassSequence(CameraFrameStage::FinalOutput), &finalOutputPasses);
    EXPECT_EQ(request.GetPassSequence(CameraFrameStage::PostScenePasses), &postPasses);
    EXPECT_EQ(request.GetPassSequence(CameraFrameStage::OverlayPasses), &overlayPasses);
    EXPECT_EQ(request.GetScenePassRequest(CameraFrameStage::ShadowCaster), &request.shadowCaster);
    EXPECT_EQ(request.GetScenePassRequest(CameraFrameStage::DepthOnly), &request.depthOnly);
    EXPECT_EQ(request.GetScenePassRequest(CameraFrameStage::MainScene), nullptr);
    EXPECT_EQ(request.GetObjectIdRequest(CameraFrameStage::ObjectId), &request.objectId);
    EXPECT_EQ(request.GetObjectIdRequest(CameraFrameStage::MainScene), nullptr);
    EXPECT_TRUE(request.RequiresIntermediateSceneColor());
    EXPECT_EQ(request.GetMainSceneSurface().GetRenderAreaWidth(), 256u);
    EXPECT_EQ(request.GetMainSceneSurface().GetRenderAreaHeight(), 128u);
    EXPECT_EQ(request.GetFinalCompositedSurface().GetRenderAreaWidth(), 640u);
    EXPECT_EQ(request.GetFinalCompositedSurface().GetRenderAreaHeight(), 360u);
    ASSERT_NE(request.GetOutputSurface(CameraFrameStage::PostProcess), nullptr);
    EXPECT_EQ(request.GetOutputSurface(CameraFrameStage::PostProcess)->GetRenderAreaWidth(), 512u);
    ASSERT_NE(request.GetSourceSurface(CameraFrameStage::PostProcess), nullptr);
    EXPECT_EQ(request.GetSourceSurface(CameraFrameStage::PostProcess)->GetRenderAreaWidth(), 256u);
    EXPECT_EQ(
        request.GetSourceColorView(CameraFrameStage::PostProcess),
        reinterpret_cast<XCEngine::RHI::RHIResourceView*>(20));
    EXPECT_EQ(
        request.GetSourceColorState(CameraFrameStage::PostProcess),
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceStates::PixelShaderResource);
    ASSERT_NE(request.GetSourceSurface(CameraFrameStage::FinalOutput), nullptr);
    EXPECT_EQ(request.GetSourceSurface(CameraFrameStage::FinalOutput)->GetRenderAreaWidth(), 512u);
    EXPECT_EQ(
        request.GetSourceColorView(CameraFrameStage::FinalOutput),
        reinterpret_cast<XCEngine::RHI::RHIResourceView*>(40));
    EXPECT_EQ(
        request.GetSourceColorState(CameraFrameStage::FinalOutput),
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceStates::PixelShaderResource);
}

TEST(CameraRenderRequest_Test, RejectsFullscreenRequestWithoutReadableSourceStateWhenAutoTransitionIsDisabled) {
    RenderPassSequence passes;

    FullscreenPassRenderRequest request = {};
    request.sourceSurface = RenderSurface(256, 128);
    request.sourceSurface.SetColorAttachment(reinterpret_cast<XCEngine::RHI::RHIResourceView*>(1));
    request.sourceSurface.SetAutoTransitionEnabled(false);
    request.sourceColorView = reinterpret_cast<XCEngine::RHI::RHIResourceView*>(2);
    request.sourceColorState = XCEngine::RHI::ResourceStates::RenderTarget;
    request.destinationSurface = RenderSurface(512, 256);
    request.destinationSurface.SetColorAttachment(reinterpret_cast<XCEngine::RHI::RHIResourceView*>(3));
    request.passes = &passes;

    EXPECT_FALSE(request.IsValid());

    request.sourceColorState = XCEngine::RHI::ResourceStates::PixelShaderResource;
    EXPECT_TRUE(request.IsValid());
}

TEST(CameraRenderRequest_Test, AcceptsAutoTransitionedFullscreenSourceAndRejectsMultisampledSource) {
    RenderPassSequence passes;

    FullscreenPassRenderRequest request = {};
    request.sourceSurface = RenderSurface(256, 128);
    request.sourceSurface.SetColorAttachment(reinterpret_cast<XCEngine::RHI::RHIResourceView*>(1));
    request.sourceColorView = reinterpret_cast<XCEngine::RHI::RHIResourceView*>(2);
    request.sourceColorState = XCEngine::RHI::ResourceStates::RenderTarget;
    request.destinationSurface = RenderSurface(512, 256);
    request.destinationSurface.SetColorAttachment(reinterpret_cast<XCEngine::RHI::RHIResourceView*>(3));
    request.passes = &passes;

    EXPECT_TRUE(request.IsValid());

    request.sourceSurface.SetSampleDesc(4u, 0u);
    EXPECT_FALSE(request.IsValid());
}

TEST(CameraRenderer_Test, UsesOverrideCameraAndSurfaceSizeWhenSubmittingScene) {
    Scene scene("CameraRendererScene");

    GameObject* primaryCameraObject = scene.CreateGameObject("PrimaryCamera");
    auto* primaryCamera = primaryCameraObject->AddComponent<CameraComponent>();
    primaryCamera->SetPrimary(true);
    primaryCamera->SetDepth(10.0f);

    GameObject* overrideCameraObject = scene.CreateGameObject("OverrideCamera");
    auto* overrideCamera = overrideCameraObject->AddComponent<CameraComponent>();
    overrideCamera->SetPrimary(false);
    overrideCamera->SetDepth(-1.0f);

    auto state = std::make_shared<MockPipelineState>();
    CameraRenderer renderer(std::make_unique<MockPipeline>(state));

    CameraRenderRequest request;
    request.scene = &scene;
    request.camera = overrideCamera;
    request.context = CreateValidContext();
    request.surface = RenderSurface(640, 480);
    request.cameraDepth = overrideCamera->GetDepth();
    request.clearFlags = RenderClearFlags::None;

    ASSERT_TRUE(renderer.Render(request));
    EXPECT_EQ(state->renderCalls, 1);
    EXPECT_EQ(state->lastSurfaceWidth, 640u);
    EXPECT_EQ(state->lastSurfaceHeight, 480u);
    EXPECT_EQ(state->lastRenderAreaX, 0);
    EXPECT_EQ(state->lastRenderAreaY, 0);
    EXPECT_EQ(state->lastRenderAreaWidth, 640);
    EXPECT_EQ(state->lastRenderAreaHeight, 480);
    EXPECT_EQ(state->lastCameraViewportWidth, 640u);
    EXPECT_EQ(state->lastCameraViewportHeight, 480u);
    EXPECT_EQ(state->lastCamera, overrideCamera);
    EXPECT_NE(state->lastCamera, primaryCamera);
    EXPECT_EQ(state->lastVisibleItemCount, 0u);
    EXPECT_EQ(state->lastClearFlags, RenderClearFlags::None);
    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(state->lastClearColor.r, overrideCamera->GetClearColor().r);
    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(state->lastClearColor.g, overrideCamera->GetClearColor().g);
    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(state->lastClearColor.b, overrideCamera->GetClearColor().b);
    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(state->lastClearColor.a, overrideCamera->GetClearColor().a);
}

TEST(CameraRenderer_Test, AppliesRequestClearColorOverrideToSceneData) {
    Scene scene("CameraRendererClearColorOverrideScene");

    GameObject* cameraObject = scene.CreateGameObject("Camera");
    auto* camera = cameraObject->AddComponent<CameraComponent>();
    camera->SetPrimary(true);
    camera->SetDepth(1.0f);
    camera->SetClearColor(XCEngine::Math::Color(0.05f, 0.10f, 0.15f, 1.0f));

    auto state = std::make_shared<MockPipelineState>();
    CameraRenderer renderer(std::make_unique<MockPipeline>(state));

    CameraRenderRequest request;
    request.scene = &scene;
    request.camera = camera;
    request.context = CreateValidContext();
    request.surface = RenderSurface(320, 200);
    request.hasClearColorOverride = true;
    request.clearColorOverride = XCEngine::Math::Color(0.27f, 0.27f, 0.27f, 1.0f);

    ASSERT_TRUE(renderer.Render(request));
    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(state->lastClearColor.r, 0.27f);
    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(state->lastClearColor.g, 0.27f);
    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(state->lastClearColor.b, 0.27f);
    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(state->lastClearColor.a, 1.0f);
}

TEST(CameraRenderer_Test, PromotesSkyboxMaterialIntoEnvironmentFrameData) {
    Scene scene("CameraRendererSkyboxMaterialScene");

    GameObject* cameraObject = scene.CreateGameObject("Camera");
    auto* camera = cameraObject->AddComponent<CameraComponent>();
    camera->SetPrimary(true);
    camera->SetSkyboxEnabled(true);

    XCEngine::Resources::Material skyboxMaterial;
    camera->SetSkyboxMaterial(&skyboxMaterial);

    auto state = std::make_shared<MockPipelineState>();
    CameraRenderer renderer(std::make_unique<MockPipeline>(state));

    CameraRenderRequest request;
    request.scene = &scene;
    request.camera = camera;
    request.context = CreateValidContext();
    request.surface = RenderSurface(320, 200);
    request.surface.SetDepthAttachment(reinterpret_cast<XCEngine::RHI::RHIResourceView*>(1));

    ASSERT_TRUE(renderer.Render(request));
    EXPECT_TRUE(state->lastHasSkybox);
    EXPECT_EQ(state->lastEnvironmentMode, RenderEnvironmentMode::MaterialSkybox);
    EXPECT_EQ(state->lastSkyboxMaterial, &skyboxMaterial);
}

TEST(CameraRenderer_Test, ExecutesInjectedPreAndPostPassSequencesAroundPipelineRender) {
    Scene scene("CameraRendererPassScene");

    GameObject* cameraObject = scene.CreateGameObject("Camera");
    auto* camera = cameraObject->AddComponent<CameraComponent>();
    camera->SetPrimary(true);
    camera->SetDepth(3.0f);

    auto state = std::make_shared<MockPipelineState>();
    CameraRenderer renderer(std::make_unique<MockPipeline>(state));

    RenderPassSequence prePasses;
    prePasses.AddPass(std::make_unique<TrackingPass>(state, "pre"));

    RenderPassSequence postPasses;
    postPasses.AddPass(std::make_unique<TrackingPass>(state, "post"));

    CameraRenderRequest request;
    request.scene = &scene;
    request.camera = camera;
    request.context = CreateValidContext();
    request.surface = RenderSurface(320, 180);
    request.cameraDepth = camera->GetDepth();
    request.preScenePasses = &prePasses;
    request.postScenePasses = &postPasses;

    ASSERT_TRUE(renderer.Render(request));
    EXPECT_EQ(
        state->eventLog,
        (std::vector<std::string>{
            "init:pre",
            "pre",
            "pipeline",
            "init:post",
            "post" }));
}

TEST(CameraRenderer_Test, ExecutesObjectIdPassBetweenPipelineAndPostPassesWhenRequested) {
    Scene scene("CameraRendererObjectIdPassScene");

    GameObject* cameraObject = scene.CreateGameObject("Camera");
    auto* camera = cameraObject->AddComponent<CameraComponent>();
    camera->SetPrimary(true);
    camera->SetDepth(3.0f);

    auto state = std::make_shared<MockPipelineState>();
    CameraRenderer renderer(
        std::make_unique<MockPipeline>(state),
        std::make_unique<MockObjectIdPass>(state));

    RenderPassSequence prePasses;
    prePasses.AddPass(std::make_unique<TrackingPass>(state, "pre"));

    RenderPassSequence postPasses;
    postPasses.AddPass(std::make_unique<TrackingPass>(state, "post"));

    CameraRenderRequest request;
    request.scene = &scene;
    request.camera = camera;
    request.context = CreateValidContext();
    request.surface = RenderSurface(320, 180);
    request.cameraDepth = camera->GetDepth();
    request.preScenePasses = &prePasses;
    request.postScenePasses = &postPasses;
    request.objectId.surface = RenderSurface(320, 180);
    request.objectId.surface.SetColorAttachment(reinterpret_cast<XCEngine::RHI::RHIResourceView*>(1));
    request.objectId.surface.SetDepthAttachment(reinterpret_cast<XCEngine::RHI::RHIResourceView*>(2));

    ASSERT_TRUE(renderer.Render(request));
    EXPECT_EQ(
        state->eventLog,
        (std::vector<std::string>{
            "init:pre",
            "pre",
            "pipeline",
            "objectId",
            "init:post",
            "post" }));
}

TEST(CameraRenderer_Test, RoutesSceneColorThroughPostProcessAndFinalOutputStages) {
    Scene scene("CameraRendererPostProcessScene");

    GameObject* cameraObject = scene.CreateGameObject("Camera");
    auto* camera = cameraObject->AddComponent<CameraComponent>();
    camera->SetPrimary(true);
    camera->SetDepth(3.0f);

    auto state = std::make_shared<MockPipelineState>();
    CameraRenderer renderer(std::make_unique<MockPipeline>(state));

    auto postProcessPass = std::make_unique<MockScenePass>(state, "postProcess");
    MockScenePass* postProcessPassRaw = postProcessPass.get();
    RenderPassSequence postProcessPasses;
    postProcessPasses.AddPass(std::move(postProcessPass));

    auto finalOutputPass = std::make_unique<MockScenePass>(state, "finalOutput");
    MockScenePass* finalOutputPassRaw = finalOutputPass.get();
    RenderPassSequence finalOutputPasses;
    finalOutputPasses.AddPass(std::move(finalOutputPass));

    CameraRenderRequest request;
    request.scene = &scene;
    request.camera = camera;
    request.context = CreateValidContext();
    request.surface = RenderSurface(800, 600);
    request.surface.SetColorAttachment(reinterpret_cast<XCEngine::RHI::RHIResourceView*>(1));
    request.cameraDepth = camera->GetDepth();

    request.postProcess.sourceSurface = RenderSurface(256, 128);
    request.postProcess.sourceSurface.SetColorAttachment(reinterpret_cast<XCEngine::RHI::RHIResourceView*>(2));
    request.postProcess.sourceColorView = reinterpret_cast<XCEngine::RHI::RHIResourceView*>(20);
    request.postProcess.destinationSurface = RenderSurface(512, 256);
    request.postProcess.destinationSurface.SetColorAttachment(reinterpret_cast<XCEngine::RHI::RHIResourceView*>(3));
    request.postProcess.passes = &postProcessPasses;

    request.finalOutput.sourceSurface = request.postProcess.destinationSurface;
    request.finalOutput.sourceColorView = reinterpret_cast<XCEngine::RHI::RHIResourceView*>(30);
    request.finalOutput.destinationSurface = request.surface;
    request.finalOutput.passes = &finalOutputPasses;

    ASSERT_TRUE(renderer.Render(request));
    EXPECT_EQ(state->lastSurfaceWidth, 256u);
    EXPECT_EQ(state->lastSurfaceHeight, 128u);
    EXPECT_EQ(state->lastCameraViewportWidth, 256u);
    EXPECT_EQ(state->lastCameraViewportHeight, 128u);
    ASSERT_NE(postProcessPassRaw, nullptr);
    EXPECT_TRUE(postProcessPassRaw->lastHasSourceSurface);
    EXPECT_EQ(postProcessPassRaw->lastSourceSurfaceWidth, 256u);
    EXPECT_EQ(postProcessPassRaw->lastSourceSurfaceHeight, 128u);
    EXPECT_EQ(
        postProcessPassRaw->lastSourceColorView,
        reinterpret_cast<XCEngine::RHI::RHIResourceView*>(20));
    EXPECT_EQ(postProcessPassRaw->lastSurfaceWidth, 512u);
    EXPECT_EQ(postProcessPassRaw->lastSurfaceHeight, 256u);
    ASSERT_NE(finalOutputPassRaw, nullptr);
    EXPECT_TRUE(finalOutputPassRaw->lastHasSourceSurface);
    EXPECT_EQ(finalOutputPassRaw->lastSourceSurfaceWidth, 512u);
    EXPECT_EQ(finalOutputPassRaw->lastSourceSurfaceHeight, 256u);
    EXPECT_EQ(
        finalOutputPassRaw->lastSourceColorView,
        reinterpret_cast<XCEngine::RHI::RHIResourceView*>(30));
    EXPECT_EQ(finalOutputPassRaw->lastSurfaceWidth, 800u);
    EXPECT_EQ(finalOutputPassRaw->lastSurfaceHeight, 600u);
    EXPECT_EQ(
        state->eventLog,
        (std::vector<std::string>{
            "pipeline",
            "init:postProcess",
            "postProcess",
            "init:finalOutput",
            "finalOutput" }));
}

TEST(CameraRenderer_Test, ChainsMultiPassPostProcessThroughIntermediateSurface) {
    Scene scene("CameraRendererMultiPassPostProcessScene");

    GameObject* cameraObject = scene.CreateGameObject("Camera");
    auto* camera = cameraObject->AddComponent<CameraComponent>();
    camera->SetPrimary(true);
    camera->SetDepth(4.0f);

    auto pipelineState = std::make_shared<MockPipelineState>();
    auto allocationState = std::make_shared<MockShadowAllocationState>();
    MockShadowDevice device(allocationState);
    CameraRenderer renderer(std::make_unique<MockPipeline>(pipelineState));

    auto firstPass = std::make_unique<MockScenePass>(pipelineState, "postProcessTint");
    MockScenePass* firstPassRaw = firstPass.get();
    auto secondPass = std::make_unique<MockScenePass>(pipelineState, "postProcessComposite");
    MockScenePass* secondPassRaw = secondPass.get();
    RenderPassSequence postProcessPasses;
    postProcessPasses.AddPass(std::move(firstPass));
    postProcessPasses.AddPass(std::move(secondPass));

    auto* sourceColorAttachment = new MockShadowView(
        allocationState,
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceViewType::RenderTarget,
        XCEngine::RHI::Format::R8G8B8A8_UNorm,
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceViewDimension::Texture2D);
    auto* sourceColorShaderView = new MockShadowView(
        allocationState,
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceViewType::ShaderResource,
        XCEngine::RHI::Format::R8G8B8A8_UNorm,
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceViewDimension::Texture2D);
    auto* destinationColorAttachment = new MockShadowView(
        allocationState,
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceViewType::RenderTarget,
        XCEngine::RHI::Format::R8G8B8A8_UNorm,
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceViewDimension::Texture2D);

    RenderContext context = CreateValidContext();
    context.device = &device;

    CameraRenderRequest request;
    request.scene = &scene;
    request.camera = camera;
    request.context = context;
    request.surface = RenderSurface(512, 256);
    request.surface.SetColorAttachment(destinationColorAttachment);
    request.cameraDepth = camera->GetDepth();
    request.postProcess.sourceSurface = RenderSurface(256, 128);
    request.postProcess.sourceSurface.SetColorAttachment(sourceColorAttachment);
    request.postProcess.sourceColorView = sourceColorShaderView;
    request.postProcess.destinationSurface = RenderSurface(512, 256);
    request.postProcess.destinationSurface.SetColorAttachment(destinationColorAttachment);
    request.postProcess.passes = &postProcessPasses;

    ASSERT_TRUE(renderer.Render(request));

    ASSERT_NE(firstPassRaw, nullptr);
    EXPECT_TRUE(firstPassRaw->lastHasSourceSurface);
    EXPECT_EQ(firstPassRaw->lastSourceSurfaceWidth, 256u);
    EXPECT_EQ(firstPassRaw->lastSourceSurfaceHeight, 128u);
    EXPECT_EQ(firstPassRaw->lastSourceColorView, sourceColorShaderView);
    EXPECT_EQ(firstPassRaw->lastSurfaceWidth, 512u);
    EXPECT_EQ(firstPassRaw->lastSurfaceHeight, 256u);

    ASSERT_NE(secondPassRaw, nullptr);
    EXPECT_TRUE(secondPassRaw->lastHasSourceSurface);
    EXPECT_EQ(secondPassRaw->lastSourceSurfaceWidth, 512u);
    EXPECT_EQ(secondPassRaw->lastSourceSurfaceHeight, 256u);
    EXPECT_NE(secondPassRaw->lastSourceColorView, nullptr);
    EXPECT_NE(secondPassRaw->lastSourceColorView, sourceColorShaderView);
    EXPECT_EQ(secondPassRaw->lastSurfaceWidth, 512u);
    EXPECT_EQ(secondPassRaw->lastSurfaceHeight, 256u);

    EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->createTextureCalls, 1);
    EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->createRenderTargetViewCalls, 1);
    EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->createShaderViewCalls, 1);
    EXPECT_EQ(
        pipelineState->eventLog,
        (std::vector<std::string>{
            "pipeline",
            "init:postProcessTint",
            "init:postProcessComposite",
            "postProcessTint",
            "postProcessComposite" }));

    delete destinationColorAttachment;
    delete sourceColorShaderView;
    delete sourceColorAttachment;
}

TEST(CameraRenderer_Test, KeepsPostProcessAndFinalOutputScratchSurfacesIndependentPerStage) {
    Scene scene("CameraRendererIndependentFullscreenStagesScene");

    GameObject* cameraObject = scene.CreateGameObject("Camera");
    auto* camera = cameraObject->AddComponent<CameraComponent>();
    camera->SetPrimary(true);
    camera->SetDepth(5.0f);

    auto pipelineState = std::make_shared<MockPipelineState>();
    auto allocationState = std::make_shared<MockShadowAllocationState>();
    MockShadowDevice device(allocationState);
    CameraRenderer renderer(std::make_unique<MockPipeline>(pipelineState));

    auto postFirstPass = std::make_unique<MockScenePass>(pipelineState, "postA");
    auto postSecondPass = std::make_unique<MockScenePass>(pipelineState, "postB");
    MockScenePass* postSecondPassRaw = postSecondPass.get();
    RenderPassSequence postProcessPasses;
    postProcessPasses.AddPass(std::move(postFirstPass));
    postProcessPasses.AddPass(std::move(postSecondPass));

    auto finalFirstPass = std::make_unique<MockScenePass>(pipelineState, "finalA");
    MockScenePass* finalFirstPassRaw = finalFirstPass.get();
    auto finalSecondPass = std::make_unique<MockScenePass>(pipelineState, "finalB");
    MockScenePass* finalSecondPassRaw = finalSecondPass.get();
    RenderPassSequence finalOutputPasses;
    finalOutputPasses.AddPass(std::move(finalFirstPass));
    finalOutputPasses.AddPass(std::move(finalSecondPass));

    auto* sourceColorAttachment = new MockShadowView(
        allocationState,
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceViewType::RenderTarget,
        XCEngine::RHI::Format::R8G8B8A8_UNorm,
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceViewDimension::Texture2D);
    auto* sourceColorShaderView = new MockShadowView(
        allocationState,
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceViewType::ShaderResource,
        XCEngine::RHI::Format::R8G8B8A8_UNorm,
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceViewDimension::Texture2D);
    auto* postProcessDestination = new MockShadowView(
        allocationState,
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceViewType::RenderTarget,
        XCEngine::RHI::Format::R8G8B8A8_UNorm,
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceViewDimension::Texture2D);
    auto* finalOutputSource = new MockShadowView(
        allocationState,
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceViewType::ShaderResource,
        XCEngine::RHI::Format::R8G8B8A8_UNorm,
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceViewDimension::Texture2D);
    auto* finalOutputDestination = new MockShadowView(
        allocationState,
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceViewType::RenderTarget,
        XCEngine::RHI::Format::R8G8B8A8_UNorm,
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceViewDimension::Texture2D);

    RenderContext context = CreateValidContext();
    context.device = &device;

    CameraRenderRequest request;
    request.scene = &scene;
    request.camera = camera;
    request.context = context;
    request.surface = RenderSurface(800, 600);
    request.surface.SetColorAttachment(finalOutputDestination);
    request.cameraDepth = camera->GetDepth();
    request.postProcess.sourceSurface = RenderSurface(256, 128);
    request.postProcess.sourceSurface.SetColorAttachment(sourceColorAttachment);
    request.postProcess.sourceColorView = sourceColorShaderView;
    request.postProcess.destinationSurface = RenderSurface(512, 256);
    request.postProcess.destinationSurface.SetColorAttachment(postProcessDestination);
    request.postProcess.passes = &postProcessPasses;
    request.finalOutput.sourceSurface = request.postProcess.destinationSurface;
    request.finalOutput.sourceColorView = finalOutputSource;
    request.finalOutput.destinationSurface = RenderSurface(800, 600);
    request.finalOutput.destinationSurface.SetColorAttachment(finalOutputDestination);
    request.finalOutput.passes = &finalOutputPasses;

    ASSERT_TRUE(renderer.Render(request));

    ASSERT_NE(postSecondPassRaw, nullptr);
    EXPECT_EQ(postSecondPassRaw->lastSourceSurfaceWidth, 512u);
    EXPECT_EQ(postSecondPassRaw->lastSourceSurfaceHeight, 256u);
    ASSERT_NE(finalFirstPassRaw, nullptr);
    EXPECT_EQ(finalFirstPassRaw->lastSourceSurfaceWidth, 512u);
    EXPECT_EQ(finalFirstPassRaw->lastSourceSurfaceHeight, 256u);
    EXPECT_EQ(finalFirstPassRaw->lastSourceColorView, finalOutputSource);
    ASSERT_NE(finalSecondPassRaw, nullptr);
    EXPECT_EQ(finalSecondPassRaw->lastSourceSurfaceWidth, 800u);
    EXPECT_EQ(finalSecondPassRaw->lastSourceSurfaceHeight, 600u);
    EXPECT_NE(finalSecondPassRaw->lastSourceColorView, nullptr);
    EXPECT_NE(finalSecondPassRaw->lastSourceColorView, finalOutputSource);

    EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->createTextureCalls, 2);
    EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->createRenderTargetViewCalls, 2);
    EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->createShaderViewCalls, 2);
    EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->shutdownTextureCalls, 0);
    EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->shutdownRenderTargetViewCalls, 0);
    EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->shutdownShaderViewCalls, 0);
    EXPECT_EQ(
        pipelineState->eventLog,
        (std::vector<std::string>{
            "pipeline",
            "init:postA",
            "init:postB",
            "postA",
            "postB",
            "init:finalA",
            "init:finalB",
            "finalA",
            "finalB" }));

    delete finalOutputDestination;
    delete finalOutputSource;
    delete postProcessDestination;
    delete sourceColorShaderView;
    delete sourceColorAttachment;
}

TEST(CameraRenderer_Test, ExecutesFormalFrameStagesInDocumentedOrder) {
    Scene scene("CameraRendererFormalFrameStageScene");

    GameObject* cameraObject = scene.CreateGameObject("Camera");
    auto* camera = cameraObject->AddComponent<CameraComponent>();
    camera->SetPrimary(true);
    camera->SetDepth(3.0f);

    auto state = std::make_shared<MockPipelineState>();
    CameraRenderer renderer(
        std::make_unique<MockPipeline>(state),
        std::make_unique<MockObjectIdPass>(state));

    auto shadowPass = std::make_unique<MockScenePass>(state, "shadowCaster");
    renderer.SetShadowCasterPass(std::move(shadowPass));

    auto depthPass = std::make_unique<MockScenePass>(state, "depthOnly");
    renderer.SetDepthOnlyPass(std::move(depthPass));

    RenderPassSequence prePasses;
    prePasses.AddPass(std::make_unique<TrackingPass>(state, "pre"));

    RenderPassSequence postProcessPasses;
    postProcessPasses.AddPass(std::make_unique<TrackingPass>(state, "postProcess"));

    RenderPassSequence finalOutputPasses;
    finalOutputPasses.AddPass(std::make_unique<TrackingPass>(state, "finalOutput"));

    RenderPassSequence postPasses;
    postPasses.AddPass(std::make_unique<TrackingPass>(state, "post"));

    RenderPassSequence overlayPasses;
    overlayPasses.AddPass(std::make_unique<TrackingPass>(state, "overlay"));

    CameraRenderRequest request;
    request.scene = &scene;
    request.camera = camera;
    request.context = CreateValidContext();
    request.surface = RenderSurface(320, 180);
    request.surface.SetColorAttachment(reinterpret_cast<XCEngine::RHI::RHIResourceView*>(3));
    request.cameraDepth = camera->GetDepth();
    request.preScenePasses = &prePasses;
    request.postProcess.passes = &postProcessPasses;
    request.finalOutput.passes = &finalOutputPasses;
    request.postScenePasses = &postPasses;
    request.overlayPasses = &overlayPasses;
    request.shadowCaster.surface = RenderSurface(128, 64);
    request.shadowCaster.surface.SetDepthAttachment(reinterpret_cast<XCEngine::RHI::RHIResourceView*>(1));
    request.depthOnly.surface = RenderSurface(96, 48);
    request.depthOnly.surface.SetDepthAttachment(reinterpret_cast<XCEngine::RHI::RHIResourceView*>(2));
    request.postProcess.sourceSurface = RenderSurface(256, 128);
    request.postProcess.sourceSurface.SetColorAttachment(reinterpret_cast<XCEngine::RHI::RHIResourceView*>(4));
    request.postProcess.sourceColorView = reinterpret_cast<XCEngine::RHI::RHIResourceView*>(40);
    request.postProcess.destinationSurface = RenderSurface(320, 180);
    request.postProcess.destinationSurface.SetColorAttachment(reinterpret_cast<XCEngine::RHI::RHIResourceView*>(5));
    request.finalOutput.sourceSurface = request.postProcess.destinationSurface;
    request.finalOutput.sourceColorView = reinterpret_cast<XCEngine::RHI::RHIResourceView*>(50);
    request.finalOutput.destinationSurface = request.surface;
    request.objectId.surface = RenderSurface(320, 180);
    request.objectId.surface.SetColorAttachment(reinterpret_cast<XCEngine::RHI::RHIResourceView*>(6));
    request.objectId.surface.SetDepthAttachment(reinterpret_cast<XCEngine::RHI::RHIResourceView*>(7));

    ASSERT_TRUE(renderer.Render(request));
    EXPECT_EQ(
        state->eventLog,
        (std::vector<std::string>{
            "init:pre",
            "pre",
            "init:shadowCaster",
            "shadowCaster",
            "init:depthOnly",
            "depthOnly",
            "pipeline",
            "init:postProcess",
            "postProcess",
            "init:finalOutput",
            "finalOutput",
            "objectId",
            "init:post",
            "post",
            "init:overlay",
            "overlay" }));
}

TEST(CameraRenderer_Test, ExecutesShadowCasterAndDepthOnlyRequestsBeforeMainPipeline) {
    Scene scene("CameraRendererDepthAndShadowScene");

    GameObject* cameraObject = scene.CreateGameObject("Camera");
    auto* camera = cameraObject->AddComponent<CameraComponent>();
    camera->SetPrimary(true);
    camera->SetDepth(3.0f);

    auto state = std::make_shared<MockPipelineState>();
    CameraRenderer renderer(
        std::make_unique<MockPipeline>(state),
        std::make_unique<MockObjectIdPass>(state));

    auto shadowPass = std::make_unique<MockScenePass>(state, "shadowCaster");
    MockScenePass* shadowPassRaw = shadowPass.get();
    renderer.SetShadowCasterPass(std::move(shadowPass));

    auto depthPass = std::make_unique<MockScenePass>(state, "depthOnly");
    MockScenePass* depthPassRaw = depthPass.get();
    renderer.SetDepthOnlyPass(std::move(depthPass));

    CameraRenderRequest request;
    request.scene = &scene;
    request.camera = camera;
    request.context = CreateValidContext();
    request.surface = RenderSurface(320, 180);
    request.cameraDepth = camera->GetDepth();

    request.shadowCaster.surface = RenderSurface(128, 64);
    request.shadowCaster.surface.SetDepthAttachment(reinterpret_cast<XCEngine::RHI::RHIResourceView*>(2));
    request.shadowCaster.hasCameraDataOverride = true;
    request.shadowCaster.cameraDataOverride.worldPosition = XCEngine::Math::Vector3(7.0f, 8.0f, 9.0f);

    request.depthOnly.surface = RenderSurface(96, 48);
    request.depthOnly.surface.SetDepthAttachment(reinterpret_cast<XCEngine::RHI::RHIResourceView*>(4));
    request.depthOnly.hasClearColorOverride = true;
    request.depthOnly.clearColorOverride = XCEngine::Math::Color(0.3f, 0.2f, 0.1f, 1.0f);

    ASSERT_TRUE(renderer.Render(request));
    EXPECT_EQ(
        state->eventLog,
        (std::vector<std::string>{
            "init:shadowCaster",
            "shadowCaster",
            "init:depthOnly",
            "depthOnly",
            "pipeline" }));
    EXPECT_EQ(shadowPassRaw->lastViewportWidth, 128u);
    EXPECT_EQ(shadowPassRaw->lastViewportHeight, 64u);
    EXPECT_EQ(shadowPassRaw->lastSurfaceWidth, 128u);
    EXPECT_EQ(shadowPassRaw->lastSurfaceHeight, 64u);
    EXPECT_EQ(shadowPassRaw->lastClearFlags, RenderClearFlags::Depth);
    EXPECT_EQ(shadowPassRaw->lastWorldPosition, XCEngine::Math::Vector3(7.0f, 8.0f, 9.0f));
    EXPECT_EQ(depthPassRaw->lastViewportWidth, 96u);
    EXPECT_EQ(depthPassRaw->lastViewportHeight, 48u);
    EXPECT_EQ(depthPassRaw->lastClearFlags, RenderClearFlags::Depth);
    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(depthPassRaw->lastClearColor.r, 0.3f);
    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(depthPassRaw->lastClearColor.g, 0.2f);
    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(depthPassRaw->lastClearColor.b, 0.1f);
    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(depthPassRaw->lastClearColor.a, 1.0f);
}

TEST(CameraRenderer_Test, AutoAllocatesDirectionalShadowSurfaceFromShadowPlan) {
    Scene scene("CameraRendererAutoDirectionalShadowScene");

    GameObject* cameraObject = scene.CreateGameObject("Camera");
    auto* camera = cameraObject->AddComponent<CameraComponent>();
    camera->SetPrimary(true);
    camera->SetDepth(2.0f);

    auto pipelineState = std::make_shared<MockPipelineState>();
    auto allocationState = std::make_shared<MockShadowAllocationState>();
    MockShadowDevice device(allocationState);

    RenderContext context = CreateValidContext();
    context.device = &device;

    {
        CameraRenderer renderer(
            std::make_unique<MockPipeline>(pipelineState),
            std::make_unique<MockObjectIdPass>(pipelineState));

        auto shadowPass = std::make_unique<MockScenePass>(pipelineState, "shadowCaster");
        MockScenePass* shadowPassRaw = shadowPass.get();
        renderer.SetShadowCasterPass(std::move(shadowPass));

        CameraRenderRequest request;
        request.scene = &scene;
        request.camera = camera;
        request.context = context;
        request.surface = RenderSurface(320, 180);
        request.cameraDepth = camera->GetDepth();
        request.directionalShadow.enabled = true;
        request.directionalShadow.mapWidth = 256;
        request.directionalShadow.mapHeight = 128;
        request.directionalShadow.cameraData.viewportWidth = 256;
        request.directionalShadow.cameraData.viewportHeight = 128;
        request.directionalShadow.cameraData.clearFlags = RenderClearFlags::Depth;
        request.directionalShadow.cameraData.worldPosition = XCEngine::Math::Vector3(3.0f, 4.0f, 5.0f);
        request.directionalShadow.cameraData.viewProjection =
            XCEngine::Math::Matrix4x4::Translation(XCEngine::Math::Vector3(11.0f, 12.0f, 13.0f));

        ASSERT_TRUE(renderer.Render(request));
        EXPECT_EQ(
            pipelineState->eventLog,
            (std::vector<std::string>{
                "init:shadowCaster",
                "shadowCaster",
                "pipeline" }));
        EXPECT_EQ(shadowPassRaw->lastViewportWidth, 256u);
        EXPECT_EQ(shadowPassRaw->lastViewportHeight, 128u);
        EXPECT_EQ(shadowPassRaw->lastSurfaceWidth, 256u);
        EXPECT_EQ(shadowPassRaw->lastSurfaceHeight, 128u);
        EXPECT_EQ(shadowPassRaw->lastClearFlags, RenderClearFlags::Depth);
        EXPECT_EQ(shadowPassRaw->lastWorldPosition, XCEngine::Math::Vector3(3.0f, 4.0f, 5.0f));
        EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->createTextureCalls, 1);
        EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->createDepthViewCalls, 1);
        EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->createShaderViewCalls, 1);
        EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->lastTextureWidth, 256u);
        EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->lastTextureHeight, 128u);
        EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->lastTextureFormat, XCEngine::RHI::Format::D32_Float);
        EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->lastDepthViewFormat, XCEngine::RHI::Format::D32_Float);
        EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->lastShaderViewFormat, XCEngine::RHI::Format::Unknown);
        EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->shutdownDepthViewCalls, 0);
        EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->shutdownShaderViewCalls, 0);
        EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->shutdownTextureCalls, 0);
        EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->destroyDepthViewCalls, 0);
        EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->destroyShaderViewCalls, 0);
        EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->destroyTextureCalls, 0);
        EXPECT_TRUE(pipelineState->lastHasMainDirectionalShadow);
        EXPECT_NE(pipelineState->lastShadowMap, nullptr);
        EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(pipelineState->lastShadowViewProjection.m[0][3], 11.0f);
        EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(pipelineState->lastShadowViewProjection.m[1][3], 12.0f);
        EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(pipelineState->lastShadowViewProjection.m[2][3], 13.0f);
        EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(pipelineState->lastShadowSampling.settings.receiverDepthBias, 0.0015f);
        EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(pipelineState->lastShadowMapMetrics.inverseMapSize.x, 1.0f / 256.0f);
        EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(pipelineState->lastShadowMapMetrics.inverseMapSize.y, 1.0f / 128.0f);
        EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(pipelineState->lastShadowSampling.settings.shadowStrength, 0.85f);
        EXPECT_TRUE(pipelineState->lastHasMainDirectionalShadowKeyword);
    }

    EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->shutdownDepthViewCalls, 1);
    EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->shutdownShaderViewCalls, 1);
    EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->shutdownTextureCalls, 1);
    EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->destroyDepthViewCalls, 1);
    EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->destroyShaderViewCalls, 1);
    EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->destroyTextureCalls, 1);
}

TEST(CameraRenderer_Test, ReusesDirectionalShadowSurfaceWhenPlanMatches) {
    Scene scene("CameraRendererDirectionalShadowReuseScene");

    GameObject* cameraObject = scene.CreateGameObject("Camera");
    auto* camera = cameraObject->AddComponent<CameraComponent>();
    camera->SetPrimary(true);
    camera->SetDepth(2.0f);

    auto pipelineState = std::make_shared<MockPipelineState>();
    auto allocationState = std::make_shared<MockShadowAllocationState>();
    MockShadowDevice device(allocationState);

    RenderContext context = CreateValidContext();
    context.device = &device;

    CameraRenderer renderer(
        std::make_unique<MockPipeline>(pipelineState),
        std::make_unique<MockObjectIdPass>(pipelineState));

    auto shadowPass = std::make_unique<MockScenePass>(pipelineState, "shadowCaster");
    renderer.SetShadowCasterPass(std::move(shadowPass));

    CameraRenderRequest request;
    request.scene = &scene;
    request.camera = camera;
    request.context = context;
    request.surface = RenderSurface(320, 180);
    request.cameraDepth = camera->GetDepth();
    request.directionalShadow.enabled = true;
    request.directionalShadow.mapWidth = 256;
    request.directionalShadow.mapHeight = 128;
    request.directionalShadow.cameraData.viewportWidth = 256;
    request.directionalShadow.cameraData.viewportHeight = 128;
    request.directionalShadow.cameraData.clearFlags = RenderClearFlags::Depth;

    ASSERT_TRUE(renderer.Render(request));
    XCEngine::RHI::RHIResourceView* firstShadowMap = pipelineState->lastShadowMap;
    ASSERT_NE(firstShadowMap, nullptr);
    EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->createTextureCalls, 1);
    EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->createDepthViewCalls, 1);
    EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->createShaderViewCalls, 1);
    EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->shutdownDepthViewCalls, 0);
    EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->destroyTextureCalls, 0);

    ASSERT_TRUE(renderer.Render(request));
    EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->createTextureCalls, 1);
    EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->createDepthViewCalls, 1);
    EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->createShaderViewCalls, 1);
    EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->shutdownDepthViewCalls, 0);
    EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->shutdownShaderViewCalls, 0);
    EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->shutdownTextureCalls, 0);
    EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->destroyDepthViewCalls, 0);
    EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->destroyShaderViewCalls, 0);
    EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->destroyTextureCalls, 0);
    EXPECT_EQ(pipelineState->lastShadowMap, firstShadowMap);
}

TEST(CameraRenderer_Test, RecreatesDirectionalShadowSurfaceWhenPlanSizeChanges) {
    Scene scene("CameraRendererDirectionalShadowResizeScene");

    GameObject* cameraObject = scene.CreateGameObject("Camera");
    auto* camera = cameraObject->AddComponent<CameraComponent>();
    camera->SetPrimary(true);
    camera->SetDepth(2.0f);

    auto pipelineState = std::make_shared<MockPipelineState>();
    auto allocationState = std::make_shared<MockShadowAllocationState>();
    MockShadowDevice device(allocationState);

    RenderContext context = CreateValidContext();
    context.device = &device;

    {
        CameraRenderer renderer(
            std::make_unique<MockPipeline>(pipelineState),
            std::make_unique<MockObjectIdPass>(pipelineState));

        auto shadowPass = std::make_unique<MockScenePass>(pipelineState, "shadowCaster");
        renderer.SetShadowCasterPass(std::move(shadowPass));

        CameraRenderRequest request;
        request.scene = &scene;
        request.camera = camera;
        request.context = context;
        request.surface = RenderSurface(320, 180);
        request.cameraDepth = camera->GetDepth();
        request.directionalShadow.enabled = true;
        request.directionalShadow.mapWidth = 256;
        request.directionalShadow.mapHeight = 128;
        request.directionalShadow.cameraData.viewportWidth = 256;
        request.directionalShadow.cameraData.viewportHeight = 128;
        request.directionalShadow.cameraData.clearFlags = RenderClearFlags::Depth;

        ASSERT_TRUE(renderer.Render(request));
        XCEngine::RHI::RHIResourceView* firstShadowMap = pipelineState->lastShadowMap;
        ASSERT_NE(firstShadowMap, nullptr);

        request.directionalShadow.mapWidth = 512;
        request.directionalShadow.mapHeight = 256;
        request.directionalShadow.cameraData.viewportWidth = 512;
        request.directionalShadow.cameraData.viewportHeight = 256;

        ASSERT_TRUE(renderer.Render(request));
        EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->createTextureCalls, 2);
        EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->createDepthViewCalls, 2);
        EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->createShaderViewCalls, 2);
        EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->shutdownDepthViewCalls, 1);
        EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->shutdownShaderViewCalls, 1);
        EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->shutdownTextureCalls, 1);
        EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->destroyDepthViewCalls, 1);
        EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->destroyShaderViewCalls, 1);
        EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->destroyTextureCalls, 1);
        EXPECT_NE(pipelineState->lastShadowMap, firstShadowMap);
        EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->lastTextureWidth, 512u);
        EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->lastTextureHeight, 256u);
        EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->lastTextureFormat, XCEngine::RHI::Format::D32_Float);
    }

    EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->shutdownDepthViewCalls, 2);
    EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->shutdownShaderViewCalls, 2);
    EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->shutdownTextureCalls, 2);
    EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->destroyDepthViewCalls, 2);
    EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->destroyShaderViewCalls, 2);
    EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->destroyTextureCalls, 2);
}

TEST(CameraRenderer_Test, EnablesDirectionalShadowSurfaceAfterInitialFrameWithoutShadows) {
    Scene scene("CameraRendererDirectionalShadowToggleScene");

    GameObject* cameraObject = scene.CreateGameObject("Camera");
    auto* camera = cameraObject->AddComponent<CameraComponent>();
    camera->SetPrimary(true);
    camera->SetDepth(2.0f);

    auto pipelineState = std::make_shared<MockPipelineState>();
    auto allocationState = std::make_shared<MockShadowAllocationState>();
    MockShadowDevice device(allocationState);

    RenderContext context = CreateValidContext();
    context.device = &device;

    {
        CameraRenderer renderer(
            std::make_unique<MockPipeline>(pipelineState),
            std::make_unique<MockObjectIdPass>(pipelineState));

        auto shadowPass = std::make_unique<MockScenePass>(pipelineState, "shadowCaster");
        renderer.SetShadowCasterPass(std::move(shadowPass));

        CameraRenderRequest request;
        request.scene = &scene;
        request.camera = camera;
        request.context = context;
        request.surface = RenderSurface(320, 180);
        request.cameraDepth = camera->GetDepth();

        ASSERT_TRUE(renderer.Render(request));
        EXPECT_EQ(pipelineState->eventLog, (std::vector<std::string>{ "pipeline" }));
        EXPECT_FALSE(pipelineState->lastHasMainDirectionalShadow);
        EXPECT_EQ(pipelineState->lastShadowMap, nullptr);
        EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->createTextureCalls, 0);
        EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->createDepthViewCalls, 0);
        EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->createShaderViewCalls, 0);

        pipelineState->eventLog.clear();

        request.directionalShadow.enabled = true;
        request.directionalShadow.mapWidth = 256;
        request.directionalShadow.mapHeight = 128;
        request.directionalShadow.cameraData.viewportWidth = 256;
        request.directionalShadow.cameraData.viewportHeight = 128;
        request.directionalShadow.cameraData.clearFlags = RenderClearFlags::Depth;

        ASSERT_TRUE(renderer.Render(request));
        EXPECT_EQ(
            pipelineState->eventLog,
            (std::vector<std::string>{
                "init:shadowCaster",
                "shadowCaster",
                "pipeline" }));
        EXPECT_TRUE(pipelineState->lastHasMainDirectionalShadow);
        EXPECT_NE(pipelineState->lastShadowMap, nullptr);
        EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->createTextureCalls, 1);
        EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->createDepthViewCalls, 1);
        EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->createShaderViewCalls, 1);
        EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->shutdownDepthViewCalls, 0);
        EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->shutdownShaderViewCalls, 0);
        EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->shutdownTextureCalls, 0);
    }

    EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->shutdownDepthViewCalls, 1);
    EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->shutdownShaderViewCalls, 1);
    EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->shutdownTextureCalls, 1);
    EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->destroyDepthViewCalls, 1);
    EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->destroyShaderViewCalls, 1);
    EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->destroyTextureCalls, 1);
}

TEST(CameraRenderer_Test, StopsRenderingWhenShadowCasterRequestIsInvalid) {
    Scene scene("CameraRendererInvalidShadowScene");

    GameObject* cameraObject = scene.CreateGameObject("Camera");
    auto* camera = cameraObject->AddComponent<CameraComponent>();
    camera->SetPrimary(true);

    auto state = std::make_shared<MockPipelineState>();
    CameraRenderer renderer(std::make_unique<MockPipeline>(state));

    CameraRenderRequest request;
    request.scene = &scene;
    request.camera = camera;
    request.context = CreateValidContext();
    request.surface = RenderSurface(320, 180);
    request.shadowCaster.surface = RenderSurface(64, 64);
    request.shadowCaster.surface.SetColorAttachment(reinterpret_cast<XCEngine::RHI::RHIResourceView*>(1));

    EXPECT_FALSE(renderer.Render(request));
    EXPECT_TRUE(state->eventLog.empty());
}

TEST(CameraRenderer_Test, StopsRenderingWhenPostProcessRequestIsInvalid) {
    Scene scene("CameraRendererInvalidPostProcessScene");

    GameObject* cameraObject = scene.CreateGameObject("Camera");
    auto* camera = cameraObject->AddComponent<CameraComponent>();
    camera->SetPrimary(true);

    auto state = std::make_shared<MockPipelineState>();
    CameraRenderer renderer(std::make_unique<MockPipeline>(state));

    RenderPassSequence postProcessPasses;
    postProcessPasses.AddPass(std::make_unique<TrackingPass>(state, "postProcess"));

    CameraRenderRequest request;
    request.scene = &scene;
    request.camera = camera;
    request.context = CreateValidContext();
    request.surface = RenderSurface(320, 180);
    request.postProcess.passes = &postProcessPasses;
    request.postProcess.sourceSurface = RenderSurface(256, 128);
    request.postProcess.destinationSurface = RenderSurface(320, 180);
    request.postProcess.destinationSurface.SetColorAttachment(reinterpret_cast<XCEngine::RHI::RHIResourceView*>(1));

    EXPECT_FALSE(renderer.Render(request));
    EXPECT_TRUE(state->eventLog.empty());
}

TEST(CameraRenderer_Test, ShutsDownInitializedPassesWhenPipelineRenderFails) {
    Scene scene("CameraRendererFailureScene");

    GameObject* cameraObject = scene.CreateGameObject("Camera");
    auto* camera = cameraObject->AddComponent<CameraComponent>();
    camera->SetPrimary(true);
    camera->SetDepth(2.0f);

    auto state = std::make_shared<MockPipelineState>();
    state->renderResult = false;
    CameraRenderer renderer(std::make_unique<MockPipeline>(state));

    RenderPassSequence prePasses;
    prePasses.AddPass(std::make_unique<TrackingPass>(state, "pre"));

    CameraRenderRequest request;
    request.scene = &scene;
    request.camera = camera;
    request.context = CreateValidContext();
    request.surface = RenderSurface(320, 180);
    request.cameraDepth = camera->GetDepth();
    request.preScenePasses = &prePasses;

    EXPECT_FALSE(renderer.Render(request));
    EXPECT_EQ(
        state->eventLog,
        (std::vector<std::string>{ "init:pre", "pre", "pipeline" }));
}

TEST(CameraRenderer_Test, StopsRenderingWhenObjectIdPassFails) {
    Scene scene("CameraRendererObjectIdFailureScene");

    GameObject* cameraObject = scene.CreateGameObject("Camera");
    auto* camera = cameraObject->AddComponent<CameraComponent>();
    camera->SetPrimary(true);
    camera->SetDepth(2.0f);

    auto state = std::make_shared<MockPipelineState>();
    CameraRenderer renderer(
        std::make_unique<MockPipeline>(state),
        std::make_unique<MockObjectIdPass>(state, false));

    RenderPassSequence prePasses;
    prePasses.AddPass(std::make_unique<TrackingPass>(state, "pre"));

    RenderPassSequence postPasses;
    postPasses.AddPass(std::make_unique<TrackingPass>(state, "post"));

    CameraRenderRequest request;
    request.scene = &scene;
    request.camera = camera;
    request.context = CreateValidContext();
    request.surface = RenderSurface(320, 180);
    request.cameraDepth = camera->GetDepth();
    request.preScenePasses = &prePasses;
    request.postScenePasses = &postPasses;
    request.objectId.surface = RenderSurface(320, 180);
    request.objectId.surface.SetColorAttachment(reinterpret_cast<XCEngine::RHI::RHIResourceView*>(1));
    request.objectId.surface.SetDepthAttachment(reinterpret_cast<XCEngine::RHI::RHIResourceView*>(2));

    EXPECT_FALSE(renderer.Render(request));
    EXPECT_EQ(
        state->eventLog,
        (std::vector<std::string>{ "init:pre", "pre", "pipeline", "objectId" }));
}

TEST(CameraRenderer_Test, ShutsDownSequencesWhenPostPassInitializationFails) {
    Scene scene("CameraRendererPostPassInitFailureScene");

    GameObject* cameraObject = scene.CreateGameObject("Camera");
    auto* camera = cameraObject->AddComponent<CameraComponent>();
    camera->SetPrimary(true);
    camera->SetDepth(4.0f);

    auto state = std::make_shared<MockPipelineState>();
    CameraRenderer renderer(std::make_unique<MockPipeline>(state));

    RenderPassSequence prePasses;
    prePasses.AddPass(std::make_unique<TrackingPass>(state, "pre"));

    RenderPassSequence postPasses;
    postPasses.AddPass(std::make_unique<TrackingPass>(state, "post", false, true));

    CameraRenderRequest request;
    request.scene = &scene;
    request.camera = camera;
    request.context = CreateValidContext();
    request.surface = RenderSurface(512, 512);
    request.cameraDepth = camera->GetDepth();
    request.preScenePasses = &prePasses;
    request.postScenePasses = &postPasses;

    EXPECT_FALSE(renderer.Render(request));
    EXPECT_EQ(
        state->eventLog,
        (std::vector<std::string>{
            "init:pre",
            "pre",
            "pipeline",
            "init:post",
            "shutdown:post" }));
}

TEST(SceneRenderer_Test, BuildsSortedRequestsForAllUsableCamerasAndHonorsOverrideCamera) {
    Scene scene("SceneRendererRequestScene");

    GameObject* lowCameraObject = scene.CreateGameObject("LowCamera");
    auto* lowCamera = lowCameraObject->AddComponent<CameraComponent>();
    lowCamera->SetPrimary(true);
    lowCamera->SetDepth(1.0f);

    GameObject* highCameraObject = scene.CreateGameObject("HighCamera");
    auto* highCamera = highCameraObject->AddComponent<CameraComponent>();
    highCamera->SetPrimary(true);
    highCamera->SetDepth(5.0f);
    highCamera->SetClearMode(CameraClearMode::None);

    SceneRenderer renderer;
    const RenderContext context = CreateValidContext();
    const RenderSurface surface(320, 180);

    const std::vector<CameraRenderRequest> defaultRequests =
        renderer.BuildRenderRequests(scene, nullptr, context, surface);
    ASSERT_EQ(defaultRequests.size(), 2u);
    EXPECT_EQ(defaultRequests[0].camera, lowCamera);
    EXPECT_EQ(defaultRequests[0].cameraDepth, 1.0f);
    EXPECT_EQ(defaultRequests[0].clearFlags, RenderClearFlags::All);
    EXPECT_EQ(defaultRequests[0].surface.GetWidth(), 320u);
    EXPECT_EQ(defaultRequests[0].surface.GetHeight(), 180u);
    EXPECT_EQ(defaultRequests[1].camera, highCamera);
    EXPECT_EQ(defaultRequests[1].cameraDepth, 5.0f);
    EXPECT_EQ(defaultRequests[1].clearFlags, RenderClearFlags::None);

    const std::vector<CameraRenderRequest> overrideRequests =
        renderer.BuildRenderRequests(scene, lowCamera, context, surface);
    ASSERT_EQ(overrideRequests.size(), 1u);
    EXPECT_EQ(overrideRequests[0].camera, lowCamera);
    EXPECT_EQ(overrideRequests[0].clearFlags, RenderClearFlags::All);
}

TEST(SceneRenderer_Test, RendersBaseCamerasBeforeOverlayCamerasAndResolvesAutoClearPerStackType) {
    Scene scene("SceneRendererCameraStackScene");

    GameObject* lateBaseCameraObject = scene.CreateGameObject("LateBaseCamera");
    auto* lateBaseCamera = lateBaseCameraObject->AddComponent<CameraComponent>();
    lateBaseCamera->SetDepth(10.0f);
    lateBaseCamera->SetStackType(CameraStackType::Base);

    GameObject* earlyBaseCameraObject = scene.CreateGameObject("EarlyBaseCamera");
    auto* earlyBaseCamera = earlyBaseCameraObject->AddComponent<CameraComponent>();
    earlyBaseCamera->SetDepth(1.0f);
    earlyBaseCamera->SetStackType(CameraStackType::Base);

    GameObject* overlayCameraObject = scene.CreateGameObject("OverlayCamera");
    auto* overlayCamera = overlayCameraObject->AddComponent<CameraComponent>();
    overlayCamera->SetDepth(-10.0f);
    overlayCamera->SetStackType(CameraStackType::Overlay);

    SceneRenderer renderer;
    const std::vector<CameraRenderRequest> requests =
        renderer.BuildRenderRequests(scene, nullptr, CreateValidContext(), RenderSurface(640, 360));

    ASSERT_EQ(requests.size(), 3u);
    EXPECT_EQ(requests[0].camera, earlyBaseCamera);
    EXPECT_EQ(requests[0].cameraStackOrder, 0u);
    EXPECT_EQ(requests[0].clearFlags, RenderClearFlags::All);
    EXPECT_EQ(requests[1].camera, lateBaseCamera);
    EXPECT_EQ(requests[1].cameraStackOrder, 0u);
    EXPECT_EQ(requests[1].clearFlags, RenderClearFlags::Depth);
    EXPECT_EQ(requests[2].camera, overlayCamera);
    EXPECT_EQ(requests[2].cameraStackOrder, 1u);
    EXPECT_EQ(requests[2].clearFlags, RenderClearFlags::Depth);
}

TEST(SceneRenderer_Test, PreservesSceneTraversalOrderForEqualPriorityCameras) {
    Scene scene("SceneRendererStableSceneOrder");

    GameObject* firstCameraObject = scene.CreateGameObject("FirstCamera");
    auto* firstCamera = firstCameraObject->AddComponent<CameraComponent>();
    firstCamera->SetPrimary(false);
    firstCamera->SetDepth(2.0f);
    firstCamera->SetStackType(CameraStackType::Base);

    GameObject* secondCameraObject = scene.CreateGameObject("SecondCamera");
    auto* secondCamera = secondCameraObject->AddComponent<CameraComponent>();
    secondCamera->SetPrimary(false);
    secondCamera->SetDepth(2.0f);
    secondCamera->SetStackType(CameraStackType::Base);

    SceneRenderer renderer;
    const std::vector<CameraRenderRequest> requests =
        renderer.BuildRenderRequests(scene, nullptr, CreateValidContext(), RenderSurface(640, 360));

    ASSERT_EQ(requests.size(), 2u);
    EXPECT_EQ(requests[0].camera, firstCamera);
    EXPECT_EQ(requests[1].camera, secondCamera);
}

TEST(SceneRenderer_Test, FallsBackToColorClearForFirstOverlayCameraWhenNoBaseCameraExists) {
    Scene scene("SceneRendererOverlayOnlyScene");

    GameObject* firstOverlayObject = scene.CreateGameObject("FirstOverlay");
    auto* firstOverlay = firstOverlayObject->AddComponent<CameraComponent>();
    firstOverlay->SetDepth(1.0f);
    firstOverlay->SetStackType(CameraStackType::Overlay);

    GameObject* secondOverlayObject = scene.CreateGameObject("SecondOverlay");
    auto* secondOverlay = secondOverlayObject->AddComponent<CameraComponent>();
    secondOverlay->SetDepth(2.0f);
    secondOverlay->SetStackType(CameraStackType::Overlay);

    SceneRenderer renderer;
    const std::vector<CameraRenderRequest> requests =
        renderer.BuildRenderRequests(scene, nullptr, CreateValidContext(), RenderSurface(320, 180));

    ASSERT_EQ(requests.size(), 2u);
    EXPECT_EQ(requests[0].camera, firstOverlay);
    EXPECT_EQ(requests[0].clearFlags, RenderClearFlags::All);
    EXPECT_EQ(requests[1].camera, secondOverlay);
    EXPECT_EQ(requests[1].clearFlags, RenderClearFlags::Depth);
}

TEST(SceneRenderer_Test, HonorsExplicitOverrideCameraClearMode) {
    Scene scene("SceneRendererOverrideClearModeScene");

    GameObject* cameraObject = scene.CreateGameObject("Camera");
    auto* camera = cameraObject->AddComponent<CameraComponent>();
    camera->SetPrimary(true);
    camera->SetDepth(2.0f);
    camera->SetClearMode(CameraClearMode::DepthOnly);

    SceneRenderer renderer;
    const std::vector<CameraRenderRequest> requests =
        renderer.BuildRenderRequests(scene, camera, CreateValidContext(), RenderSurface(640, 360));

    ASSERT_EQ(requests.size(), 1u);
    EXPECT_EQ(requests[0].camera, camera);
    EXPECT_EQ(requests[0].clearFlags, RenderClearFlags::Depth);
}

TEST(SceneRenderer_Test, ResolvesNormalizedCameraViewportRectToPerRequestRenderArea) {
    Scene scene("SceneRendererViewportRectScene");

    GameObject* cameraObject = scene.CreateGameObject("Camera");
    auto* camera = cameraObject->AddComponent<CameraComponent>();
    camera->SetPrimary(true);
    camera->SetDepth(2.0f);
    camera->SetViewportRect(XCEngine::Math::Rect(0.25f, 0.1f, 0.5f, 0.4f));

    SceneRenderer renderer;
    const std::vector<CameraRenderRequest> requests =
        renderer.BuildRenderRequests(scene, nullptr, CreateValidContext(), RenderSurface(800, 600));

    ASSERT_EQ(requests.size(), 1u);
    const XCEngine::Math::RectInt renderArea = requests[0].surface.GetRenderArea();
    EXPECT_EQ(renderArea.x, 200);
    EXPECT_EQ(renderArea.y, 60);
    EXPECT_EQ(renderArea.width, 400);
    EXPECT_EQ(renderArea.height, 240);
}

TEST(SceneRenderer_Test, ComposesCameraViewportRectWithinExistingSurfaceRenderArea) {
    Scene scene("SceneRendererNestedViewportRectScene");

    GameObject* cameraObject = scene.CreateGameObject("Camera");
    auto* camera = cameraObject->AddComponent<CameraComponent>();
    camera->SetPrimary(true);
    camera->SetDepth(2.0f);
    camera->SetViewportRect(XCEngine::Math::Rect(0.25f, 0.1f, 0.5f, 0.4f));

    RenderSurface surface(800, 600);
    surface.SetRenderArea(XCEngine::Math::RectInt(100, 50, 400, 300));

    SceneRenderer renderer;
    const std::vector<CameraRenderRequest> requests =
        renderer.BuildRenderRequests(scene, nullptr, CreateValidContext(), surface);

    ASSERT_EQ(requests.size(), 1u);
    const XCEngine::Math::RectInt renderArea = requests[0].surface.GetRenderArea();
    EXPECT_EQ(renderArea.x, 200);
    EXPECT_EQ(renderArea.y, 80);
    EXPECT_EQ(renderArea.width, 200);
    EXPECT_EQ(renderArea.height, 120);
}

TEST(SceneRenderer_Test, PreservesExistingSurfaceRenderAreaForFullViewportCamera) {
    Scene scene("SceneRendererFullViewportNestedSurfaceScene");

    GameObject* cameraObject = scene.CreateGameObject("Camera");
    auto* camera = cameraObject->AddComponent<CameraComponent>();
    camera->SetPrimary(true);
    camera->SetDepth(2.0f);
    camera->SetViewportRect(XCEngine::Math::Rect(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f));

    RenderSurface surface(1024, 768);
    surface.SetRenderArea(XCEngine::Math::RectInt(80, 120, 320, 240));

    SceneRenderer renderer;
    const std::vector<CameraRenderRequest> requests =
        renderer.BuildRenderRequests(scene, nullptr, CreateValidContext(), surface);

    ASSERT_EQ(requests.size(), 1u);
    const XCEngine::Math::RectInt renderArea = requests[0].surface.GetRenderArea();
    EXPECT_EQ(renderArea.x, 80);
    EXPECT_EQ(renderArea.y, 120);
    EXPECT_EQ(renderArea.width, 320);
    EXPECT_EQ(renderArea.height, 240);
}

TEST(SceneRenderer_Test, BuildsCameraColorScalePostProcessRequestFromCameraPassStack) {
    Scene scene("SceneRendererCameraPostProcessScene");

    GameObject* cameraObject = scene.CreateGameObject("Camera");
    auto* camera = cameraObject->AddComponent<CameraComponent>();
    camera->SetPrimary(true);
    camera->SetDepth(2.0f);
    camera->SetViewportRect(XCEngine::Math::Rect(0.25f, 0.125f, 0.5f, 0.625f));
    camera->SetPostProcessPasses({
        XCEngine::Rendering::CameraPostProcessPassDesc::MakeColorScale(
            XCEngine::Math::Vector4(1.0f, 0.75f, 0.75f, 1.0f)),
        XCEngine::Rendering::CameraPostProcessPassDesc::MakeColorScale(
            XCEngine::Math::Vector4(0.55f, 0.95f, 1.1f, 1.0f))
    });

    auto allocationState = std::make_shared<MockShadowAllocationState>();
    MockShadowDevice device(allocationState);

    auto* backBufferColorView = new MockShadowView(
        allocationState,
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceViewType::RenderTarget,
        XCEngine::RHI::Format::R8G8B8A8_UNorm,
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceViewDimension::Texture2D);
    auto* depthView = new MockShadowView(
        allocationState,
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceViewType::DepthStencil,
        XCEngine::RHI::Format::D24_UNorm_S8_UInt,
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceViewDimension::Texture2D);

    RenderContext context = CreateValidContext();
    context.device = &device;

    RenderSurface surface(800, 600);
    surface.SetColorAttachment(backBufferColorView);
    surface.SetDepthAttachment(depthView);
    surface.SetDepthStateBefore(XCEngine::RHI::ResourceStates::Common);
    surface.SetDepthStateAfter(XCEngine::RHI::ResourceStates::PixelShaderResource);

    SceneRenderer renderer;
    const std::vector<CameraRenderRequest> requests =
        renderer.BuildRenderRequests(scene, nullptr, context, surface);

    ASSERT_EQ(requests.size(), 1u);
    const CameraRenderRequest& request = requests[0];
    EXPECT_TRUE(request.postProcess.IsRequested());
    EXPECT_TRUE(request.postProcess.IsValid());
    EXPECT_NE(request.postProcess.passes, nullptr);
    ASSERT_EQ(request.postProcess.passes->GetPassCount(), 2u);
    EXPECT_EQ(request.postProcess.destinationSurface.GetColorAttachments()[0], backBufferColorView);
    EXPECT_EQ(request.postProcess.destinationSurface.GetDepthAttachment(), depthView);
    EXPECT_EQ(
        request.postProcess.destinationSurface.GetDepthStateBefore(),
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceStates::Common);
    EXPECT_EQ(
        request.postProcess.destinationSurface.GetDepthStateAfter(),
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceStates::PixelShaderResource);
    EXPECT_EQ(request.postProcess.sourceSurface.GetDepthAttachment(), depthView);
    EXPECT_EQ(
        request.postProcess.sourceSurface.GetDepthStateBefore(),
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceStates::Common);
    EXPECT_EQ(
        request.postProcess.sourceSurface.GetDepthStateAfter(),
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceStates::PixelShaderResource);
    EXPECT_EQ(request.postProcess.sourceSurface.GetWidth(), 800u);
    EXPECT_EQ(request.postProcess.sourceSurface.GetHeight(), 600u);
    const XCEngine::Math::RectInt sourceRenderArea = request.postProcess.sourceSurface.GetRenderArea();
    EXPECT_EQ(sourceRenderArea.x, 200);
    EXPECT_EQ(sourceRenderArea.y, 75);
    EXPECT_EQ(sourceRenderArea.width, 400);
    EXPECT_EQ(sourceRenderArea.height, 375);
    EXPECT_NE(request.postProcess.sourceColorView, nullptr);
    EXPECT_NE(request.postProcess.sourceColorView, backBufferColorView);
    EXPECT_EQ(
        request.postProcess.sourceColorState,
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceStates::PixelShaderResource);
    ASSERT_FALSE(request.postProcess.sourceSurface.GetColorAttachments().empty());
    EXPECT_NE(request.postProcess.sourceSurface.GetColorAttachments()[0], backBufferColorView);
    EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->createTextureCalls, 1);
    EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->createRenderTargetViewCalls, 1);
    EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->createShaderViewCalls, 1);

    delete depthView;
    delete backBufferColorView;
}

TEST(SceneRenderer_Test, ResolvesFinalColorPolicyFromPipelineDefaultsAndCameraOverrides) {
    Scene scene("SceneRendererFinalColorPolicyScene");

    GameObject* cameraObject = scene.CreateGameObject("Camera");
    auto* camera = cameraObject->AddComponent<CameraComponent>();
    camera->SetPrimary(true);
    camera->SetDepth(2.0f);

    FinalColorOverrideSettings cameraOverrides = {};
    cameraOverrides.overrideExposureValue = true;
    cameraOverrides.exposureValue = 1.8f;
    cameraOverrides.overrideFinalColorScale = true;
    cameraOverrides.finalColorScale = XCEngine::Math::Vector4(0.95f, 0.9f, 0.85f, 1.0f);
    camera->SetFinalColorOverrides(cameraOverrides);

    auto assetState = std::make_shared<MockPipelineAssetState>();
    assetState->defaultFinalColorSettings.outputTransferMode =
        FinalColorOutputTransferMode::LinearToSRGB;
    assetState->defaultFinalColorSettings.exposureMode =
        FinalColorExposureMode::Fixed;
    assetState->defaultFinalColorSettings.exposureValue = 1.25f;
    assetState->defaultFinalColorSettings.finalColorScale =
        XCEngine::Math::Vector4(1.0f, 0.95f, 0.9f, 1.0f);

    SceneRenderer renderer(std::make_shared<MockPipelineAsset>(assetState));
    const std::vector<CameraRenderRequest> requests =
        renderer.BuildRenderRequests(scene, nullptr, CreateValidContext(), RenderSurface(640, 360));

    ASSERT_EQ(requests.size(), 1u);
    const CameraRenderRequest& request = requests[0];
    EXPECT_TRUE(request.finalColorPolicy.hasPipelineDefaults);
    EXPECT_TRUE(request.finalColorPolicy.hasCameraOverrides);
    EXPECT_EQ(
        request.finalColorPolicy.outputTransferMode,
        FinalColorOutputTransferMode::LinearToSRGB);
    EXPECT_EQ(
        request.finalColorPolicy.exposureMode,
        FinalColorExposureMode::Fixed);
    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(request.finalColorPolicy.exposureValue, 1.8f);
    EXPECT_FLOAT_EQ(request.finalColorPolicy.finalColorScale.x, 0.95f);
    EXPECT_FALSE(request.finalOutput.IsRequested());
}

TEST(SceneRenderer_Test, BuildsFinalOutputRequestFromResolvedFinalColorPolicy) {
    Scene scene("SceneRendererFinalOutputScene");

    GameObject* cameraObject = scene.CreateGameObject("Camera");
    auto* camera = cameraObject->AddComponent<CameraComponent>();
    camera->SetPrimary(true);
    camera->SetDepth(2.0f);

    FinalColorOverrideSettings cameraOverrides = {};
    cameraOverrides.overrideExposureMode = true;
    cameraOverrides.exposureMode = FinalColorExposureMode::Fixed;
    cameraOverrides.overrideExposureValue = true;
    cameraOverrides.exposureValue = 1.6f;
    cameraOverrides.overrideFinalColorScale = true;
    cameraOverrides.finalColorScale = XCEngine::Math::Vector4(0.95f, 0.9f, 0.85f, 1.0f);
    camera->SetFinalColorOverrides(cameraOverrides);

    auto allocationState = std::make_shared<MockShadowAllocationState>();
    MockShadowDevice device(allocationState);

    auto* backBufferColorView = new MockShadowView(
        allocationState,
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceViewType::RenderTarget,
        XCEngine::RHI::Format::R8G8B8A8_UNorm,
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceViewDimension::Texture2D);
    auto* depthView = new MockShadowView(
        allocationState,
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceViewType::DepthStencil,
        XCEngine::RHI::Format::D24_UNorm_S8_UInt,
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceViewDimension::Texture2D);

    auto assetState = std::make_shared<MockPipelineAssetState>();
    assetState->defaultFinalColorSettings.outputTransferMode =
        FinalColorOutputTransferMode::LinearToSRGB;

    RenderContext context = CreateValidContext();
    context.device = &device;

    RenderSurface surface(800, 600);
    surface.SetColorAttachment(backBufferColorView);
    surface.SetDepthAttachment(depthView);
    surface.SetDepthStateBefore(XCEngine::RHI::ResourceStates::Common);
    surface.SetDepthStateAfter(XCEngine::RHI::ResourceStates::PixelShaderResource);

    SceneRenderer renderer(std::make_shared<MockPipelineAsset>(assetState));
    const std::vector<CameraRenderRequest> requests =
        renderer.BuildRenderRequests(scene, nullptr, context, surface);

    ASSERT_EQ(requests.size(), 1u);
    const CameraRenderRequest& request = requests[0];
    EXPECT_FALSE(request.postProcess.IsRequested());
    EXPECT_TRUE(request.finalOutput.IsRequested());
    EXPECT_TRUE(request.finalOutput.IsValid());
    ASSERT_NE(request.finalOutput.passes, nullptr);
    EXPECT_EQ(request.finalOutput.passes->GetPassCount(), 1u);
    EXPECT_EQ(request.finalOutput.destinationSurface.GetColorAttachments()[0], backBufferColorView);
    EXPECT_EQ(request.finalOutput.destinationSurface.GetDepthAttachment(), depthView);
    EXPECT_EQ(
        request.finalOutput.destinationSurface.GetDepthStateBefore(),
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceStates::Common);
    EXPECT_EQ(
        request.finalOutput.destinationSurface.GetDepthStateAfter(),
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceStates::PixelShaderResource);
    EXPECT_EQ(request.finalOutput.sourceSurface.GetDepthAttachment(), depthView);
    EXPECT_EQ(
        request.finalOutput.sourceSurface.GetDepthStateBefore(),
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceStates::Common);
    EXPECT_EQ(
        request.finalOutput.sourceSurface.GetDepthStateAfter(),
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceStates::PixelShaderResource);
    EXPECT_EQ(request.finalOutput.sourceSurface.GetWidth(), 800u);
    EXPECT_EQ(request.finalOutput.sourceSurface.GetHeight(), 600u);
    EXPECT_NE(request.finalOutput.sourceColorView, nullptr);
    EXPECT_NE(request.finalOutput.sourceColorView, backBufferColorView);
    EXPECT_EQ(
        request.finalOutput.sourceColorState,
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceStates::PixelShaderResource);
    ASSERT_FALSE(request.finalOutput.sourceSurface.GetColorAttachments().empty());
    EXPECT_NE(request.finalOutput.sourceSurface.GetColorAttachments()[0], backBufferColorView);
    EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->createTextureCalls, 1);
    EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->createRenderTargetViewCalls, 1);
    EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->createShaderViewCalls, 1);

    delete depthView;
    delete backBufferColorView;
}

TEST(SceneRenderer_Test, RoutesPostProcessIntoIntermediateSurfaceBeforeFinalOutput) {
    Scene scene("SceneRendererPostProcessFinalOutputScene");

    GameObject* cameraObject = scene.CreateGameObject("Camera");
    auto* camera = cameraObject->AddComponent<CameraComponent>();
    camera->SetPrimary(true);
    camera->SetDepth(2.0f);
    camera->SetViewportRect(XCEngine::Math::Rect(0.25f, 0.125f, 0.5f, 0.625f));
    camera->SetPostProcessPasses({
        XCEngine::Rendering::CameraPostProcessPassDesc::MakeColorScale(
            XCEngine::Math::Vector4(1.0f, 0.75f, 0.75f, 1.0f))
    });

    FinalColorOverrideSettings cameraOverrides = {};
    cameraOverrides.overrideOutputTransferMode = true;
    cameraOverrides.outputTransferMode = FinalColorOutputTransferMode::LinearToSRGB;
    cameraOverrides.overrideFinalColorScale = true;
    cameraOverrides.finalColorScale = XCEngine::Math::Vector4(0.95f, 0.9f, 0.85f, 1.0f);
    camera->SetFinalColorOverrides(cameraOverrides);

    auto allocationState = std::make_shared<MockShadowAllocationState>();
    MockShadowDevice device(allocationState);

    auto* backBufferColorView = new MockShadowView(
        allocationState,
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceViewType::RenderTarget,
        XCEngine::RHI::Format::R8G8B8A8_UNorm,
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceViewDimension::Texture2D);
    auto* depthView = new MockShadowView(
        allocationState,
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceViewType::DepthStencil,
        XCEngine::RHI::Format::D24_UNorm_S8_UInt,
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceViewDimension::Texture2D);

    RenderContext context = CreateValidContext();
    context.device = &device;

    RenderSurface surface(800, 600);
    surface.SetColorAttachment(backBufferColorView);
    surface.SetDepthAttachment(depthView);
    surface.SetDepthStateBefore(XCEngine::RHI::ResourceStates::Common);
    surface.SetDepthStateAfter(XCEngine::RHI::ResourceStates::PixelShaderResource);

    SceneRenderer renderer;
    const std::vector<CameraRenderRequest> requests =
        renderer.BuildRenderRequests(scene, nullptr, context, surface);

    ASSERT_EQ(requests.size(), 1u);
    const CameraRenderRequest& request = requests[0];
    EXPECT_TRUE(request.postProcess.IsRequested());
    EXPECT_TRUE(request.finalOutput.IsRequested());
    ASSERT_NE(request.postProcess.passes, nullptr);
    ASSERT_NE(request.finalOutput.passes, nullptr);
    EXPECT_EQ(request.postProcess.passes->GetPassCount(), 1u);
    EXPECT_EQ(request.finalOutput.passes->GetPassCount(), 1u);

    ASSERT_FALSE(request.postProcess.sourceSurface.GetColorAttachments().empty());
    ASSERT_FALSE(request.postProcess.destinationSurface.GetColorAttachments().empty());
    ASSERT_FALSE(request.finalOutput.sourceSurface.GetColorAttachments().empty());

    EXPECT_NE(
        request.postProcess.sourceSurface.GetColorAttachments()[0],
        request.postProcess.destinationSurface.GetColorAttachments()[0]);
    EXPECT_EQ(
        request.finalOutput.sourceSurface.GetColorAttachments()[0],
        request.postProcess.destinationSurface.GetColorAttachments()[0]);
    EXPECT_EQ(request.finalOutput.destinationSurface.GetColorAttachments()[0], backBufferColorView);

    EXPECT_EQ(request.postProcess.sourceSurface.GetDepthAttachment(), depthView);
    EXPECT_EQ(
        request.postProcess.sourceSurface.GetDepthStateBefore(),
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceStates::Common);
    EXPECT_EQ(
        request.postProcess.sourceSurface.GetDepthStateAfter(),
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceStates::PixelShaderResource);
    EXPECT_EQ(request.postProcess.destinationSurface.GetDepthAttachment(), nullptr);
    EXPECT_EQ(request.finalOutput.sourceSurface.GetDepthAttachment(), nullptr);
    EXPECT_EQ(request.finalOutput.destinationSurface.GetDepthAttachment(), depthView);
    EXPECT_EQ(
        request.finalOutput.destinationSurface.GetDepthStateBefore(),
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceStates::Common);
    EXPECT_EQ(
        request.finalOutput.destinationSurface.GetDepthStateAfter(),
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceStates::PixelShaderResource);

    const XCEngine::Math::RectInt postProcessSourceArea = request.postProcess.sourceSurface.GetRenderArea();
    EXPECT_EQ(postProcessSourceArea.x, 200);
    EXPECT_EQ(postProcessSourceArea.y, 75);
    EXPECT_EQ(postProcessSourceArea.width, 400);
    EXPECT_EQ(postProcessSourceArea.height, 375);
    const XCEngine::Math::RectInt finalOutputSourceArea = request.finalOutput.sourceSurface.GetRenderArea();
    EXPECT_EQ(finalOutputSourceArea.x, 200);
    EXPECT_EQ(finalOutputSourceArea.y, 75);
    EXPECT_EQ(finalOutputSourceArea.width, 400);
    EXPECT_EQ(finalOutputSourceArea.height, 375);

    EXPECT_NE(request.postProcess.sourceColorView, nullptr);
    EXPECT_NE(request.finalOutput.sourceColorView, nullptr);
    EXPECT_NE(request.postProcess.sourceColorView, request.finalOutput.sourceColorView);
    EXPECT_EQ(
        request.postProcess.sourceColorState,
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceStates::PixelShaderResource);
    EXPECT_EQ(
        request.finalOutput.sourceColorState,
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceStates::PixelShaderResource);
    EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->createTextureCalls, 2);
    EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->createRenderTargetViewCalls, 2);
    EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->createShaderViewCalls, 2);

    delete depthView;
    delete backBufferColorView;
}

TEST(SceneRenderer_Test, DoesNotBuildFullscreenStagesForMultisampledMainSceneSurface) {
    Scene scene("SceneRendererMultisampledFullscreenStageScene");

    GameObject* cameraObject = scene.CreateGameObject("Camera");
    auto* camera = cameraObject->AddComponent<CameraComponent>();
    camera->SetPrimary(true);
    camera->SetDepth(2.0f);
    camera->SetPostProcessPasses({
        XCEngine::Rendering::CameraPostProcessPassDesc::MakeColorScale(
            XCEngine::Math::Vector4(1.0f, 0.75f, 0.75f, 1.0f))
    });

    FinalColorOverrideSettings cameraOverrides = {};
    cameraOverrides.overrideOutputTransferMode = true;
    cameraOverrides.outputTransferMode = FinalColorOutputTransferMode::LinearToSRGB;
    camera->SetFinalColorOverrides(cameraOverrides);

    auto allocationState = std::make_shared<MockShadowAllocationState>();
    MockShadowDevice device(allocationState);

    auto* backBufferColorView = new MockShadowView(
        allocationState,
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceViewType::RenderTarget,
        XCEngine::RHI::Format::R8G8B8A8_UNorm,
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceViewDimension::Texture2D);
    auto* depthView = new MockShadowView(
        allocationState,
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceViewType::DepthStencil,
        XCEngine::RHI::Format::D24_UNorm_S8_UInt,
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceViewDimension::Texture2D);

    RenderContext context = CreateValidContext();
    context.device = &device;

    RenderSurface surface(800, 600);
    surface.SetColorAttachment(backBufferColorView);
    surface.SetDepthAttachment(depthView);
    surface.SetSampleDesc(4u, 0u);

    SceneRenderer renderer;
    const std::vector<CameraRenderRequest> requests =
        renderer.BuildRenderRequests(scene, nullptr, context, surface);

    ASSERT_EQ(requests.size(), 1u);
    const CameraRenderRequest& request = requests[0];
    EXPECT_EQ(request.surface.GetSampleCount(), 4u);
    EXPECT_FALSE(request.postProcess.IsRequested());
    EXPECT_FALSE(request.finalOutput.IsRequested());
    EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->createTextureCalls, 0);
    EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->createRenderTargetViewCalls, 0);
    EXPECT_EQ(allocationState->createShaderViewCalls, 0);

    delete depthView;
    delete backBufferColorView;
}

TEST(SceneRenderer_Test, ReusesTrackedSceneColorStateAcrossFramesWhenPostProcessIsEnabled) {
    Scene scene("SceneRendererTrackedSceneColorStateScene");

    GameObject* cameraObject = scene.CreateGameObject("Camera");
    auto* camera = cameraObject->AddComponent<CameraComponent>();
    camera->SetPrimary(true);
    camera->SetDepth(2.0f);
    camera->SetPostProcessPasses({
        XCEngine::Rendering::CameraPostProcessPassDesc::MakeColorScale(
            XCEngine::Math::Vector4(1.0f, 0.9f, 0.8f, 1.0f))
    });

    auto pipelineState = std::make_shared<MockPipelineState>();
    auto allocationState = std::make_shared<MockShadowAllocationState>();
    MockShadowDevice device(allocationState);

    RenderContext context = CreateValidContext();
    context.device = &device;

    auto* backBufferColorView = new MockShadowView(
        allocationState,
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceViewType::RenderTarget,
        XCEngine::RHI::Format::R8G8B8A8_UNorm,
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceViewDimension::Texture2D);
    auto* depthView = new MockShadowView(
        allocationState,
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceViewType::DepthStencil,
        XCEngine::RHI::Format::D24_UNorm_S8_UInt,
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceViewDimension::Texture2D);

    RenderSurface surface(800, 600);
    surface.SetColorAttachment(backBufferColorView);
    surface.SetDepthAttachment(depthView);

    SceneRenderer renderer(std::make_unique<MockPipeline>(pipelineState));

    std::vector<CameraRenderRequest> firstFrameRequests =
        renderer.BuildRenderRequests(scene, nullptr, context, surface);
    ASSERT_EQ(firstFrameRequests.size(), 1u);
    EXPECT_EQ(
        firstFrameRequests[0].GetMainSceneSurface().GetColorStateBefore(),
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceStates::Common);

    RenderPassSequence postProcessPasses;
    postProcessPasses.AddPass(std::make_unique<MockScenePass>(pipelineState, "postProcess"));
    firstFrameRequests[0].postProcess.passes = &postProcessPasses;

    ASSERT_TRUE(renderer.Render(firstFrameRequests));

    const std::vector<CameraRenderRequest> secondFrameRequests =
        renderer.BuildRenderRequests(scene, nullptr, context, surface);
    ASSERT_EQ(secondFrameRequests.size(), 1u);
    EXPECT_EQ(
        secondFrameRequests[0].GetMainSceneSurface().GetColorStateBefore(),
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceStates::PixelShaderResource);
    EXPECT_EQ(
        secondFrameRequests[0].GetMainSceneSurface().GetColorStateAfter(),
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceStates::PixelShaderResource);

    delete depthView;
    delete backBufferColorView;
}

TEST(SceneRenderer_Test, ReusesTrackedPostProcessOutputStateAcrossFramesWhenFinalOutputIsEnabled) {
    Scene scene("SceneRendererTrackedPostProcessOutputStateScene");

    GameObject* cameraObject = scene.CreateGameObject("Camera");
    auto* camera = cameraObject->AddComponent<CameraComponent>();
    camera->SetPrimary(true);
    camera->SetDepth(2.0f);
    camera->SetPostProcessPasses({
        XCEngine::Rendering::CameraPostProcessPassDesc::MakeColorScale(
            XCEngine::Math::Vector4(1.0f, 0.9f, 0.8f, 1.0f))
    });

    FinalColorOverrideSettings finalColorOverrides = {};
    finalColorOverrides.overrideOutputTransferMode = true;
    finalColorOverrides.outputTransferMode = FinalColorOutputTransferMode::LinearToSRGB;
    camera->SetFinalColorOverrides(finalColorOverrides);

    auto pipelineState = std::make_shared<MockPipelineState>();
    auto allocationState = std::make_shared<MockShadowAllocationState>();
    MockShadowDevice device(allocationState);

    RenderContext context = CreateValidContext();
    context.device = &device;

    auto* backBufferColorView = new MockShadowView(
        allocationState,
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceViewType::RenderTarget,
        XCEngine::RHI::Format::R8G8B8A8_UNorm,
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceViewDimension::Texture2D);
    auto* depthView = new MockShadowView(
        allocationState,
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceViewType::DepthStencil,
        XCEngine::RHI::Format::D24_UNorm_S8_UInt,
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceViewDimension::Texture2D);

    RenderSurface surface(800, 600);
    surface.SetColorAttachment(backBufferColorView);
    surface.SetDepthAttachment(depthView);

    SceneRenderer renderer(std::make_unique<MockPipeline>(pipelineState));

    std::vector<CameraRenderRequest> firstFrameRequests =
        renderer.BuildRenderRequests(scene, nullptr, context, surface);
    ASSERT_EQ(firstFrameRequests.size(), 1u);
    EXPECT_TRUE(firstFrameRequests[0].postProcess.IsRequested());
    EXPECT_TRUE(firstFrameRequests[0].finalOutput.IsRequested());
    EXPECT_EQ(
        firstFrameRequests[0].GetMainSceneSurface().GetColorStateBefore(),
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceStates::Common);
    EXPECT_EQ(
        firstFrameRequests[0].postProcess.destinationSurface.GetColorStateBefore(),
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceStates::Common);

    RenderPassSequence postProcessPasses;
    postProcessPasses.AddPass(std::make_unique<MockScenePass>(pipelineState, "postProcess"));
    RenderPassSequence finalOutputPasses;
    finalOutputPasses.AddPass(std::make_unique<MockScenePass>(pipelineState, "finalOutput"));
    firstFrameRequests[0].postProcess.passes = &postProcessPasses;
    firstFrameRequests[0].finalOutput.passes = &finalOutputPasses;

    ASSERT_TRUE(renderer.Render(firstFrameRequests));

    const std::vector<CameraRenderRequest> secondFrameRequests =
        renderer.BuildRenderRequests(scene, nullptr, context, surface);
    ASSERT_EQ(secondFrameRequests.size(), 1u);
    EXPECT_EQ(
        secondFrameRequests[0].GetMainSceneSurface().GetColorStateBefore(),
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceStates::PixelShaderResource);
    EXPECT_EQ(
        secondFrameRequests[0].postProcess.destinationSurface.GetColorStateBefore(),
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceStates::PixelShaderResource);
    EXPECT_EQ(
        secondFrameRequests[0].finalOutput.sourceSurface.GetColorStateBefore(),
        XCEngine::RHI::ResourceStates::PixelShaderResource);

    delete depthView;
    delete backBufferColorView;
}

TEST(CameraRenderer_Test, UsesResolvedRenderAreaForCameraViewportDimensions) {
    Scene scene("CameraRendererViewportRectScene");

    GameObject* cameraObject = scene.CreateGameObject("Camera");
    auto* camera = cameraObject->AddComponent<CameraComponent>();
    camera->SetPrimary(true);
    camera->SetViewportRect(XCEngine::Math::Rect(0.125f, 0.25f, 0.5f, 0.5f));

    auto state = std::make_shared<MockPipelineState>();
    CameraRenderer renderer(std::make_unique<MockPipeline>(state));

    CameraRenderRequest request;
    request.scene = &scene;
    request.camera = camera;
    request.context = CreateValidContext();
    request.surface = RenderSurface(640, 480);
    request.surface.SetRenderArea(XCEngine::Math::RectInt(80, 120, 320, 240));

    ASSERT_TRUE(renderer.Render(request));
    EXPECT_EQ(state->lastRenderAreaX, 80);
    EXPECT_EQ(state->lastRenderAreaY, 120);
    EXPECT_EQ(state->lastRenderAreaWidth, 320);
    EXPECT_EQ(state->lastRenderAreaHeight, 240);
    EXPECT_EQ(state->lastCameraViewportWidth, 320u);
    EXPECT_EQ(state->lastCameraViewportHeight, 240u);
}

TEST(SceneRenderer_Test, ForwardsPipelineLifetimeAndRenderCallsToCameraRenderer) {
    Scene scene("SceneRendererScene");

    GameObject* cameraObject = scene.CreateGameObject("Camera");
    auto* camera = cameraObject->AddComponent<CameraComponent>();
    camera->SetPrimary(true);
    camera->SetDepth(2.0f);

    auto initialState = std::make_shared<MockPipelineState>();
    auto replacementState = std::make_shared<MockPipelineState>();

    {
        auto initialPipeline = std::make_unique<MockPipeline>(initialState);
        MockPipeline* initialPipelineRaw = initialPipeline.get();
        SceneRenderer renderer(std::move(initialPipeline));
        EXPECT_EQ(renderer.GetPipeline(), initialPipelineRaw);

        auto replacementPipeline = std::make_unique<MockPipeline>(replacementState);
        MockPipeline* replacementPipelineRaw = replacementPipeline.get();
        renderer.SetPipeline(std::move(replacementPipeline));

        EXPECT_EQ(initialState->shutdownCalls, 1);
        EXPECT_EQ(renderer.GetPipeline(), replacementPipelineRaw);

        const RenderSurface surface(800, 600);
        ASSERT_TRUE(renderer.Render(scene, nullptr, CreateValidContext(), surface));
        EXPECT_EQ(replacementState->renderCalls, 1);
        EXPECT_EQ(replacementState->lastSurfaceWidth, 800u);
        EXPECT_EQ(replacementState->lastSurfaceHeight, 600u);
        EXPECT_EQ(replacementState->lastCamera, camera);
    }

    EXPECT_EQ(initialState->shutdownCalls, 1);
    EXPECT_EQ(replacementState->shutdownCalls, 1);
}

TEST(SceneRenderer_Test, CreatesPipelineInstancesFromPipelineAssetsAndShutsDownReplacedPipelines) {
    Scene scene("SceneRendererAssetScene");

    GameObject* cameraObject = scene.CreateGameObject("Camera");
    auto* camera = cameraObject->AddComponent<CameraComponent>();
    camera->SetPrimary(true);
    camera->SetDepth(2.0f);

    auto initialAssetState = std::make_shared<MockPipelineAssetState>();
    auto replacementAssetState = std::make_shared<MockPipelineAssetState>();

    {
        SceneRenderer renderer(std::make_shared<MockPipelineAsset>(initialAssetState));
        ASSERT_NE(renderer.GetPipeline(), nullptr);
        ASSERT_NE(renderer.GetPipelineAsset(), nullptr);
        EXPECT_EQ(initialAssetState->createCalls, 1);

        const RenderSurface surface(800, 600);
        ASSERT_TRUE(renderer.Render(scene, nullptr, CreateValidContext(), surface));
        ASSERT_NE(initialAssetState->lastCreatedPipelineState, nullptr);
        EXPECT_EQ(initialAssetState->lastCreatedPipelineState->renderCalls, 1);
        EXPECT_EQ(initialAssetState->lastCreatedPipelineState->lastCamera, camera);

        renderer.SetPipelineAsset(std::make_shared<MockPipelineAsset>(replacementAssetState));
        ASSERT_NE(initialAssetState->lastCreatedPipelineState, nullptr);
        EXPECT_EQ(initialAssetState->lastCreatedPipelineState->shutdownCalls, 1);
        EXPECT_EQ(replacementAssetState->createCalls, 1);

        ASSERT_TRUE(renderer.Render(scene, nullptr, CreateValidContext(), surface));
        ASSERT_NE(replacementAssetState->lastCreatedPipelineState, nullptr);
        EXPECT_EQ(replacementAssetState->lastCreatedPipelineState->renderCalls, 1);
        EXPECT_EQ(replacementAssetState->lastCreatedPipelineState->lastCamera, camera);
    }

    ASSERT_NE(replacementAssetState->lastCreatedPipelineState, nullptr);
    EXPECT_EQ(replacementAssetState->lastCreatedPipelineState->shutdownCalls, 1);
}

TEST(SceneRenderer_Test, SortsManualCameraRequestsByDepthBeforeRendering) {
    Scene scene("SceneRendererManualRequests");

    GameObject* farCameraObject = scene.CreateGameObject("FarCamera");
    auto* farCamera = farCameraObject->AddComponent<CameraComponent>();
    farCamera->SetPrimary(true);
    farCamera->SetDepth(10.0f);

    GameObject* nearCameraObject = scene.CreateGameObject("NearCamera");
    auto* nearCamera = nearCameraObject->AddComponent<CameraComponent>();
    nearCamera->SetPrimary(false);
    nearCamera->SetDepth(1.0f);

    auto state = std::make_shared<MockPipelineState>();
    SceneRenderer renderer(std::make_unique<MockPipeline>(state));

    CameraRenderRequest farRequest;
    farRequest.scene = &scene;
    farRequest.camera = farCamera;
    farRequest.context = CreateValidContext();
    farRequest.surface = RenderSurface(800, 600);
    farRequest.cameraDepth = farCamera->GetDepth();
    farRequest.cameraStackOrder = 1;
    farRequest.clearFlags = RenderClearFlags::None;

    CameraRenderRequest nearRequest = farRequest;
    nearRequest.camera = nearCamera;
    nearRequest.cameraDepth = nearCamera->GetDepth();
    nearRequest.cameraStackOrder = 0;
    nearRequest.clearFlags = RenderClearFlags::Depth;

    const std::vector<CameraRenderRequest> requests = { farRequest, nearRequest };
    ASSERT_TRUE(renderer.Render(requests));
    ASSERT_EQ(state->renderedCameras.size(), 2u);
    ASSERT_EQ(state->renderedClearFlags.size(), 2u);
    EXPECT_EQ(state->renderedCameras[0], nearCamera);
    EXPECT_EQ(state->renderedClearFlags[0], RenderClearFlags::Depth);
    EXPECT_EQ(state->renderedCameras[1], farCamera);
    EXPECT_EQ(state->renderedClearFlags[1], RenderClearFlags::None);
}

TEST(SceneRenderer_Test, PreservesManualSubmissionOrderForEqualPriorityRequests) {
    Scene scene("SceneRendererManualSubmissionOrder");

    GameObject* firstCameraObject = scene.CreateGameObject("FirstCamera");
    auto* firstCamera = firstCameraObject->AddComponent<CameraComponent>();
    firstCamera->SetPrimary(false);
    firstCamera->SetDepth(2.0f);

    GameObject* secondCameraObject = scene.CreateGameObject("SecondCamera");
    auto* secondCamera = secondCameraObject->AddComponent<CameraComponent>();
    secondCamera->SetPrimary(false);
    secondCamera->SetDepth(2.0f);

    auto state = std::make_shared<MockPipelineState>();
    SceneRenderer renderer(std::make_unique<MockPipeline>(state));

    CameraRenderRequest firstRequest;
    firstRequest.scene = &scene;
    firstRequest.camera = firstCamera;
    firstRequest.context = CreateValidContext();
    firstRequest.surface = RenderSurface(800, 600);
    firstRequest.cameraDepth = 2.0f;
    firstRequest.cameraStackOrder = 0;
    firstRequest.clearFlags = RenderClearFlags::All;

    CameraRenderRequest secondRequest = firstRequest;
    secondRequest.camera = secondCamera;

    const std::vector<CameraRenderRequest> requests = { secondRequest, firstRequest };
    ASSERT_TRUE(renderer.Render(requests));
    ASSERT_EQ(state->renderedCameras.size(), 2u);
    EXPECT_EQ(state->renderedCameras[0], secondCamera);
    EXPECT_EQ(state->renderedCameras[1], firstCamera);
}