diff --git a/engine/assets/builtin/shaders/color-scale-post-process/color-scale-post-process.shader b/engine/assets/builtin/shaders/color-scale-post-process/color-scale-post-process.shader
index cc06c4fd..fcfe6e18 100644
--- a/engine/assets/builtin/shaders/color-scale-post-process/color-scale-post-process.shader
+++ b/engine/assets/builtin/shaders/color-scale-post-process/color-scale-post-process.shader
@@ -5,13 +5,13 @@ Shader "Builtin Color Scale Post Process"
         _ColorScale ("Color Scale", Color) = (0.65,0.80,1.00,1.0)
     }
     HLSLINCLUDE
-    cbuffer PostProcessConstants : register(b0)
+    cbuffer PostProcessConstants
     {
         float4 gColorScale;
     };
 
-    Texture2D gSourceColorTexture : register(t0);
-    SamplerState gLinearClampSampler : register(s0);
+    Texture2D gSourceColorTexture;
+    SamplerState gLinearClampSampler;
 
     struct VSOutput
     {
diff --git a/engine/assets/builtin/shaders/depth-only/depth-only.shader b/engine/assets/builtin/shaders/depth-only/depth-only.shader
index 3af8365e..bd840a6a 100644
--- a/engine/assets/builtin/shaders/depth-only/depth-only.shader
+++ b/engine/assets/builtin/shaders/depth-only/depth-only.shader
@@ -7,21 +7,21 @@ Shader "Builtin Depth Only"
         _MainTex ("Base Map", 2D) = "white" [Semantic(BaseColorTexture)]
     }
     HLSLINCLUDE
-    cbuffer PerObjectConstants : register(b0)
+    cbuffer PerObjectConstants
     {
         float4x4 gProjectionMatrix;
         float4x4 gViewMatrix;
         float4x4 gModelMatrix;
     };
 
-    cbuffer MaterialConstants : register(b1)
+    cbuffer MaterialConstants
     {
         float4 gBaseColorFactor;
         float4 gAlphaCutoffParams;
     };
 
-    Texture2D BaseColorTexture : register(t0);
-    SamplerState LinearClampSampler : register(s0);
+    Texture2D BaseColorTexture;
+    SamplerState LinearClampSampler;
 
     struct VSInput
     {
diff --git a/engine/assets/builtin/shaders/final-color/final-color.shader b/engine/assets/builtin/shaders/final-color/final-color.shader
index cae6b422..df83b65d 100644
--- a/engine/assets/builtin/shaders/final-color/final-color.shader
+++ b/engine/assets/builtin/shaders/final-color/final-color.shader
@@ -8,14 +8,14 @@ Shader "Builtin Final Color"
         _ToneMappingMode ("Tone Mapping Mode", Float) = 0.0
     }
     HLSLINCLUDE
-    cbuffer FinalColorConstants : register(b0)
+    cbuffer FinalColorConstants
     {
         float4 gColorScale;
         float4 gFinalColorParams;
     };
 
-    Texture2D gSourceColorTexture : register(t0);
-    SamplerState gLinearClampSampler : register(s0);
+    Texture2D gSourceColorTexture;
+    SamplerState gLinearClampSampler;
 
     struct VSOutput
     {
diff --git a/engine/assets/builtin/shaders/forward-lit/forward-lit.shader b/engine/assets/builtin/shaders/forward-lit/forward-lit.shader
index 46212d2e..01f1a5ee 100644
--- a/engine/assets/builtin/shaders/forward-lit/forward-lit.shader
+++ b/engine/assets/builtin/shaders/forward-lit/forward-lit.shader
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ Shader "Builtin Forward Lit"
         _MainTex ("Base Map", 2D) = "white" [Semantic(BaseColorTexture)]
     }
     HLSLINCLUDE
-    cbuffer PerObjectConstants : register(b0)
+    cbuffer PerObjectConstants
     {
         float4x4 gProjectionMatrix;
         float4x4 gViewMatrix;
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ Shader "Builtin Forward Lit"
         float4 spotAnglesAndFlags;
     };
 
-    cbuffer LightingConstants : register(b1)
+    cbuffer LightingConstants
     {
         float4 gMainLightDirectionAndIntensity;
         float4 gMainLightColorAndFlags;
@@ -33,23 +33,23 @@ Shader "Builtin Forward Lit"
         AdditionalLightData gAdditionalLights[XC_MAX_ADDITIONAL_LIGHTS];
     };
 
-    cbuffer MaterialConstants : register(b2)
+    cbuffer MaterialConstants
     {
         float4 gBaseColorFactor;
         float4 gAlphaCutoffParams;
     };
 
-    cbuffer ShadowReceiverConstants : register(b3)
+    cbuffer ShadowReceiverConstants
     {
         float4x4 gWorldToShadowMatrix;
         float4 gShadowBiasAndTexelSize;
         float4 gShadowOptions;
     };
 
-    Texture2D BaseColorTexture : register(t0);
-    SamplerState LinearClampSampler : register(s0);
-    Texture2D ShadowMapTexture : register(t1);
-    SamplerState ShadowMapSampler : register(s1);
+    Texture2D BaseColorTexture;
+    SamplerState LinearClampSampler;
+    Texture2D ShadowMapTexture;
+    SamplerState ShadowMapSampler;
 
     struct VSInput
     {
diff --git a/engine/assets/builtin/shaders/object-id/object-id.shader b/engine/assets/builtin/shaders/object-id/object-id.shader
index 67241e9f..9e9302b1 100644
--- a/engine/assets/builtin/shaders/object-id/object-id.shader
+++ b/engine/assets/builtin/shaders/object-id/object-id.shader
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ Shader "Builtin Object Id"
             #pragma target 4.5
             #pragma vertex MainVS
             #pragma fragment MainPS
-            cbuffer PerObjectConstants : register(b0)
+            cbuffer PerObjectConstants
             {
                 float4x4 gProjectionMatrix;
                 float4x4 gViewMatrix;
diff --git a/engine/assets/builtin/shaders/shadow-caster/shadow-caster.shader b/engine/assets/builtin/shaders/shadow-caster/shadow-caster.shader
index 645fa8fc..b02f0171 100644
--- a/engine/assets/builtin/shaders/shadow-caster/shadow-caster.shader
+++ b/engine/assets/builtin/shaders/shadow-caster/shadow-caster.shader
@@ -7,21 +7,21 @@ Shader "Builtin Shadow Caster"
         _MainTex ("Base Map", 2D) = "white" [Semantic(BaseColorTexture)]
     }
     HLSLINCLUDE
-    cbuffer PerObjectConstants : register(b0)
+    cbuffer PerObjectConstants
     {
         float4x4 gProjectionMatrix;
         float4x4 gViewMatrix;
         float4x4 gModelMatrix;
     };
 
-    cbuffer MaterialConstants : register(b1)
+    cbuffer MaterialConstants
     {
         float4 gBaseColorFactor;
         float4 gAlphaCutoffParams;
     };
 
-    Texture2D BaseColorTexture : register(t0);
-    SamplerState LinearClampSampler : register(s0);
+    Texture2D BaseColorTexture;
+    SamplerState LinearClampSampler;
 
     struct VSInput
     {
diff --git a/engine/assets/builtin/shaders/skybox/skybox.shader b/engine/assets/builtin/shaders/skybox/skybox.shader
index 597ab351..1a55f75d 100644
--- a/engine/assets/builtin/shaders/skybox/skybox.shader
+++ b/engine/assets/builtin/shaders/skybox/skybox.shader
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ Shader "Builtin Skybox"
         _Tex ("Cubemap (HDR)", Cube) = "white" [Semantic(SkyboxTexture)]
     }
     HLSLINCLUDE
-    cbuffer EnvironmentConstants : register(b0)
+    cbuffer EnvironmentConstants
     {
         float4 gSkyboxTopColor;
         float4 gSkyboxHorizonColor;
@@ -19,15 +19,15 @@ Shader "Builtin Skybox"
         float4 gCameraForwardAndUnused;
     };
 
-    cbuffer MaterialConstants : register(b1)
+    cbuffer MaterialConstants
     {
         float4 gSkyboxTintAndExposure;
         float4 gSkyboxRotationAndMode;
     };
 
-    Texture2D SkyboxPanoramicTexture : register(t0);
-    TextureCube SkyboxTexture : register(t1);
-    SamplerState LinearClampSampler : register(s0);
+    Texture2D SkyboxPanoramicTexture;
+    TextureCube SkyboxTexture;
+    SamplerState LinearClampSampler;
 
     struct VSOutput
     {
diff --git a/engine/assets/builtin/shaders/unlit/unlit.shader b/engine/assets/builtin/shaders/unlit/unlit.shader
index 24973227..456a1636 100644
--- a/engine/assets/builtin/shaders/unlit/unlit.shader
+++ b/engine/assets/builtin/shaders/unlit/unlit.shader
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ Shader "Builtin Unlit"
             #pragma target 4.5
             #pragma vertex MainVS
             #pragma fragment MainPS
-            cbuffer PerObjectConstants : register(b0)
+            cbuffer PerObjectConstants
             {
                 float4x4 gProjectionMatrix;
                 float4x4 gViewMatrix;
@@ -26,13 +26,13 @@ Shader "Builtin Unlit"
                 float4x4 gNormalMatrix;
             };
 
-            cbuffer MaterialConstants : register(b1)
+            cbuffer MaterialConstants
             {
                 float4 gBaseColorFactor;
             };
 
-            Texture2D BaseColorTexture : register(t0);
-            SamplerState LinearClampSampler : register(s0);
+            Texture2D BaseColorTexture;
+            SamplerState LinearClampSampler;
 
             struct VSInput
             {
diff --git a/engine/src/RHI/OpenGL/OpenGLDevice.cpp b/engine/src/RHI/OpenGL/OpenGLDevice.cpp
index 2a6dd776..196b065c 100644
--- a/engine/src/RHI/OpenGL/OpenGLDevice.cpp
+++ b/engine/src/RHI/OpenGL/OpenGLDevice.cpp
@@ -190,10 +190,10 @@ void CollectHlslTextureRegisterBindings(
     std::unordered_map<std::string, GLint>& outTextureUnits,
     std::unordered_set<std::string>& outSamplerNames) {
     static const std::regex kTexturePattern(
-        R"(((?:Texture2D|TextureCube)\s+([A-Za-z_][A-Za-z0-9_]*)\s*:\s*register\s*\(\s*t([0-9]+)))",
+        R"(((?:Texture2D|TextureCube)\s+([A-Za-z_][A-Za-z0-9_]*)\s*:\s*register\s*\(\s*t([0-9]+)(?:\s*,\s*space[0-9]+)?\s*\)))",
         std::regex::ECMAScript);
     static const std::regex kSamplerPattern(
-        R"(((?:SamplerState|SamplerComparisonState)\s+([A-Za-z_][A-Za-z0-9_]*)\s*:\s*register\s*\(\s*s([0-9]+)))",
+        R"(((?:SamplerState|SamplerComparisonState)\s+([A-Za-z_][A-Za-z0-9_]*)\s*:\s*register\s*\(\s*s([0-9]+)(?:\s*,\s*space[0-9]+)?\s*\)))",
         std::regex::ECMAScript);
 
     for (std::sregex_iterator it(sourceText.begin(), sourceText.end(), kTexturePattern), end; it != end; ++it) {
diff --git a/engine/src/Rendering/Detail/ShaderVariantUtils.h b/engine/src/Rendering/Detail/ShaderVariantUtils.h
index 9e9c8ec4..13453fe4 100644
--- a/engine/src/Rendering/Detail/ShaderVariantUtils.h
+++ b/engine/src/Rendering/Detail/ShaderVariantUtils.h
@@ -3,8 +3,10 @@
 #include <XCEngine/Core/Containers/String.h>
 #include <XCEngine/RHI/RHIEnums.h>
 #include <XCEngine/RHI/RHIPipelineState.h>
+#include <XCEngine/Rendering/Builtin/BuiltinPassLayoutUtils.h>
 #include <XCEngine/Resources/Shader/Shader.h>
 
+#include <regex>
 #include <string>
 
 namespace XCEngine {
@@ -44,6 +46,316 @@ inline std::wstring ToWideAscii(const Containers::String& value) {
     return wide;
 }
 
+inline std::string ToStdString(const Containers::String& value) {
+    return std::string(value.CStr(), value.Length());
+}
+
+inline std::string EscapeRegexLiteral(const Containers::String& value) {
+    std::string escaped;
+    escaped.reserve(value.Length() * 2u);
+    for (size_t index = 0; index < value.Length(); ++index) {
+        const char ch = value[index];
+        switch (ch) {
+        case '\\':
+        case '^':
+        case '$':
+        case '.':
+        case '|':
+        case '?':
+        case '*':
+        case '+':
+        case '(':
+        case ')':
+        case '[':
+        case ']':
+        case '{':
+        case '}':
+            escaped.push_back('\\');
+            break;
+        default:
+            break;
+        }
+
+        escaped.push_back(ch);
+    }
+
+    return escaped;
+}
+
+inline bool TryCollectShaderPassResourceBindings(
+    const Resources::ShaderPass& pass,
+    Containers::Array<Resources::ShaderResourceBindingDesc>& outBindings) {
+    outBindings.Clear();
+
+    if (!pass.resources.Empty()) {
+        outBindings.Reserve(pass.resources.Size());
+        for (const Resources::ShaderResourceBindingDesc& binding : pass.resources) {
+            outBindings.PushBack(binding);
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    return TryBuildImplicitBuiltinPassResourceBindings(pass, outBindings);
+}
+
+inline Containers::String ResolveLegacyHlslBindingDeclarationAlias(
+    const Resources::ShaderResourceBindingDesc& binding) {
+    switch (ResolveBuiltinPassResourceSemantic(binding)) {
+    case BuiltinPassResourceSemantic::BaseColorTexture:
+        return "gBaseColorTexture";
+    case BuiltinPassResourceSemantic::ShadowMapTexture:
+        return "gShadowMapTexture";
+    case BuiltinPassResourceSemantic::LinearClampSampler:
+        return "gLinearSampler";
+    case BuiltinPassResourceSemantic::ShadowMapSampler:
+        return "gShadowMapSampler";
+    case BuiltinPassResourceSemantic::Unknown:
+    default:
+        return Containers::String();
+    }
+}
+
+inline bool TryRewriteHlslRegisterBindingWithName(
+    std::string& sourceText,
+    const Containers::String& declarationName,
+    const char* registerPrefix,
+    Core::uint32 bindingIndex,
+    Core::uint32 setIndex,
+    bool includeRegisterSpace,
+    Resources::ShaderResourceType resourceType) {
+    if (declarationName.Empty()) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    const std::string registerClause =
+        includeRegisterSpace
+            ? std::string("register(") + registerPrefix +
+                  std::to_string(bindingIndex) +
+                  ", space" +
+                  std::to_string(setIndex) +
+                  ")"
+            : std::string("register(") + registerPrefix +
+                  std::to_string(bindingIndex) +
+                  ")";
+    const std::string escapedName = EscapeRegexLiteral(declarationName);
+
+    if (resourceType == Resources::ShaderResourceType::ConstantBuffer) {
+        const std::regex pattern(
+            "(cbuffer\\s+" + escapedName + "\\s*)(:\\s*register\\s*\\([^\\)]*\\))?(\\s*\\{)",
+            std::regex::ECMAScript);
+        const std::string rewritten =
+            std::regex_replace(sourceText, pattern, "$1: " + registerClause + "$3");
+        if (rewritten != sourceText) {
+            sourceText = rewritten;
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    const std::regex pattern(
+        "((?:Texture2D|TextureCube|SamplerState|SamplerComparisonState)\\s+" + escapedName +
+            "\\s*)(:\\s*register\\s*\\([^\\)]*\\))?(\\s*;)",
+        std::regex::ECMAScript);
+    const std::string rewritten =
+        std::regex_replace(sourceText, pattern, "$1: " + registerClause + "$3");
+    if (rewritten != sourceText) {
+        sourceText = rewritten;
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    return false;
+}
+
+inline const char* TryGetHlslRegisterPrefix(Resources::ShaderResourceType type) {
+    switch (type) {
+    case Resources::ShaderResourceType::ConstantBuffer:
+        return "b";
+    case Resources::ShaderResourceType::Texture2D:
+    case Resources::ShaderResourceType::TextureCube:
+        return "t";
+    case Resources::ShaderResourceType::Sampler:
+        return "s";
+    default:
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+}
+
+inline bool TryRewriteHlslRegisterBinding(
+    std::string& sourceText,
+    const Resources::ShaderResourceBindingDesc& binding,
+    bool includeRegisterSpace) {
+    const char* registerPrefix = TryGetHlslRegisterPrefix(binding.type);
+    if (registerPrefix == nullptr) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    if (TryRewriteHlslRegisterBindingWithName(
+            sourceText,
+            binding.name,
+            registerPrefix,
+            binding.binding,
+            binding.set,
+            includeRegisterSpace,
+            binding.type)) {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    const Containers::String legacyAlias = ResolveLegacyHlslBindingDeclarationAlias(binding);
+    if (legacyAlias != binding.name &&
+        TryRewriteHlslRegisterBindingWithName(
+            sourceText,
+            legacyAlias,
+            registerPrefix,
+            binding.binding,
+            binding.set,
+            includeRegisterSpace,
+            binding.type)) {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    if ((binding.type == Resources::ShaderResourceType::Texture2D ||
+         binding.type == Resources::ShaderResourceType::TextureCube ||
+         binding.type == Resources::ShaderResourceType::Sampler)) {
+        const Containers::String prefixedName = Containers::String("g") + binding.name;
+        if (prefixedName != binding.name &&
+            prefixedName != legacyAlias &&
+            TryRewriteHlslRegisterBindingWithName(
+                sourceText,
+                prefixedName,
+                registerPrefix,
+                binding.binding,
+                binding.set,
+                includeRegisterSpace,
+                binding.type)) {
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return false;
+}
+
+inline bool TryBuildRuntimeShaderBindings(
+    const Resources::ShaderPass& pass,
+    Resources::ShaderBackend backend,
+    Containers::Array<Resources::ShaderResourceBindingDesc>& outBindings,
+    bool& outIncludeRegisterSpace) {
+    outBindings.Clear();
+    outIncludeRegisterSpace = false;
+
+    if (backend == Resources::ShaderBackend::Vulkan) {
+        outIncludeRegisterSpace = true;
+        return TryCollectShaderPassResourceBindings(pass, outBindings);
+    }
+
+    if (backend != Resources::ShaderBackend::D3D12 &&
+        backend != Resources::ShaderBackend::OpenGL) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    if (!pass.resources.Empty()) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    if (!TryBuildImplicitBuiltinPassResourceBindings(pass, outBindings)) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    Core::uint32 nextConstantBufferRegister = 0;
+    Core::uint32 nextTextureRegister = 0;
+    Core::uint32 nextSamplerRegister = 0;
+    Core::uint32 nextUnorderedAccessRegister = 0;
+    for (Resources::ShaderResourceBindingDesc& binding : outBindings) {
+        binding.set = 0;
+        switch (binding.type) {
+        case Resources::ShaderResourceType::ConstantBuffer:
+            binding.binding = nextConstantBufferRegister++;
+            break;
+        case Resources::ShaderResourceType::Texture2D:
+        case Resources::ShaderResourceType::TextureCube:
+            binding.binding = nextTextureRegister++;
+            break;
+        case Resources::ShaderResourceType::Sampler:
+            binding.binding = nextSamplerRegister++;
+            break;
+        default:
+            binding.binding = nextUnorderedAccessRegister++;
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+inline std::string BuildRuntimeShaderSource(
+    const Resources::ShaderPass& pass,
+    Resources::ShaderBackend backend,
+    const Resources::ShaderStageVariant& variant) {
+    std::string sourceText = ToStdString(variant.sourceCode);
+
+    if (variant.language != Resources::ShaderLanguage::HLSL ||
+        backend == Resources::ShaderBackend::Generic) {
+        return sourceText;
+    }
+
+    Containers::Array<Resources::ShaderResourceBindingDesc> bindings;
+    bool includeRegisterSpace = false;
+    if (!TryBuildRuntimeShaderBindings(pass, backend, bindings, includeRegisterSpace)) {
+        return sourceText;
+    }
+
+    for (const Resources::ShaderResourceBindingDesc& binding : bindings) {
+        TryRewriteHlslRegisterBinding(sourceText, binding, includeRegisterSpace);
+    }
+
+    return sourceText;
+}
+
+inline void AddShaderCompileMacro(
+    RHI::ShaderCompileDesc& compileDesc,
+    const wchar_t* name,
+    const wchar_t* definition = L"1") {
+    if (name == nullptr || *name == L'\0') {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    for (const RHI::ShaderCompileMacro& existingMacro : compileDesc.macros) {
+        if (existingMacro.name == name) {
+            return;
+        }
+    }
+
+    RHI::ShaderCompileMacro macro = {};
+    macro.name = name;
+    macro.definition = definition != nullptr ? definition : L"";
+    compileDesc.macros.push_back(std::move(macro));
+}
+
+inline void InjectUnityStyleBackendMacros(
+    Resources::ShaderBackend backend,
+    RHI::ShaderCompileDesc& compileDesc) {
+    switch (backend) {
+    case Resources::ShaderBackend::OpenGL:
+        AddShaderCompileMacro(compileDesc, L"SHADER_API_GLCORE");
+        AddShaderCompileMacro(compileDesc, L"UNITY_UV_STARTS_AT_TOP", L"0");
+        AddShaderCompileMacro(compileDesc, L"UNITY_NEAR_CLIP_VALUE", L"-1");
+        break;
+    case Resources::ShaderBackend::Vulkan:
+        AddShaderCompileMacro(compileDesc, L"SHADER_API_VULKAN");
+        AddShaderCompileMacro(compileDesc, L"UNITY_UV_STARTS_AT_TOP", L"1");
+        AddShaderCompileMacro(compileDesc, L"UNITY_NEAR_CLIP_VALUE", L"0");
+        break;
+    case Resources::ShaderBackend::D3D12:
+        AddShaderCompileMacro(compileDesc, L"SHADER_API_D3D12");
+        AddShaderCompileMacro(compileDesc, L"UNITY_UV_STARTS_AT_TOP", L"1");
+        AddShaderCompileMacro(compileDesc, L"UNITY_NEAR_CLIP_VALUE", L"0");
+        break;
+    case Resources::ShaderBackend::Generic:
+    default:
+        break;
+    }
+}
+
 inline void ApplyShaderStageVariant(
     const Resources::ShaderStageVariant& variant,
     RHI::ShaderCompileDesc& compileDesc) {
@@ -55,6 +367,19 @@ inline void ApplyShaderStageVariant(
     compileDesc.profile = ToWideAscii(variant.profile);
 }
 
+inline void ApplyShaderStageVariant(
+    const Resources::ShaderPass& pass,
+    Resources::ShaderBackend backend,
+    const Resources::ShaderStageVariant& variant,
+    RHI::ShaderCompileDesc& compileDesc) {
+    const std::string sourceText = BuildRuntimeShaderSource(pass, backend, variant);
+    compileDesc.source.assign(sourceText.begin(), sourceText.end());
+    compileDesc.sourceLanguage = ToRHIShaderLanguage(variant.language);
+    compileDesc.entryPoint = ToWideAscii(variant.entryPoint);
+    compileDesc.profile = ToWideAscii(variant.profile);
+    InjectUnityStyleBackendMacros(backend, compileDesc);
+}
+
 inline Containers::String BuildShaderKeywordSignature(
     const Resources::ShaderKeywordSet& keywordSet) {
     Resources::ShaderKeywordSet normalizedKeywords = keywordSet;
diff --git a/tests/Rendering/unit/test_builtin_forward_pipeline.cpp b/tests/Rendering/unit/test_builtin_forward_pipeline.cpp
index 5ae70764..eca3f7e4 100644
--- a/tests/Rendering/unit/test_builtin_forward_pipeline.cpp
+++ b/tests/Rendering/unit/test_builtin_forward_pipeline.cpp
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
 #include <XCEngine/RHI/ShaderCompiler/SpirvShaderCompiler.h>
 
 #include <fstream>
-#include <iostream>
+#include <regex>
 
 using namespace XCEngine::Rendering::Pipelines;
 using namespace XCEngine::Rendering::Passes;
@@ -24,6 +24,58 @@ using namespace XCEngine::Containers;
 using namespace XCEngine::Resources;
 using namespace XCEngine::RHI;
 
+namespace {
+
+std::string EscapeRegexLiteralForTest(const std::string& value) {
+    std::string escaped;
+    escaped.reserve(value.size() * 2u);
+    for (const char ch : value) {
+        switch (ch) {
+        case '\\':
+        case '^':
+        case '$':
+        case '.':
+        case '|':
+        case '?':
+        case '*':
+        case '+':
+        case '(':
+        case ')':
+        case '[':
+        case ']':
+        case '{':
+        case '}':
+            escaped.push_back('\\');
+            break;
+        default:
+            break;
+        }
+
+        escaped.push_back(ch);
+    }
+
+    return escaped;
+}
+
+::testing::AssertionResult SourceContainsRegisterBinding(
+    const std::string& source,
+    const std::string& declaration,
+    const std::string& registerClause) {
+    const std::regex pattern(
+        EscapeRegexLiteralForTest(declaration) + "\\s*:\\s*" +
+            EscapeRegexLiteralForTest(registerClause),
+        std::regex::ECMAScript);
+    if (std::regex_search(source, pattern)) {
+        return ::testing::AssertionSuccess();
+    }
+
+    return ::testing::AssertionFailure()
+           << "Missing binding '" << declaration << " : " << registerClause << "' in source:\n"
+           << source;
+}
+
+} // namespace
+
 TEST(BuiltinForwardPipeline_Test, UsesFloat3PositionInputLayoutForStaticMeshVertices) {
     const InputLayoutDesc inputLayout = BuiltinForwardPipeline::BuildInputLayout();
 
@@ -81,6 +133,15 @@ TEST(BuiltinForwardPipeline_Test, BuiltinForwardShaderUsesUnityStyleSingleSource
     EXPECT_TRUE(pass->fixedFunctionState.depthWriteEnable);
     EXPECT_EQ(pass->fixedFunctionState.depthFunc, MaterialComparisonFunc::LessEqual);
 
+    const ShaderStageVariant* fragmentVariant = shader->FindVariant(
+        "ForwardLit",
+        XCEngine::Resources::ShaderType::Fragment,
+        XCEngine::Resources::ShaderBackend::D3D12);
+    ASSERT_NE(fragmentVariant, nullptr);
+    EXPECT_EQ(
+        std::string(fragmentVariant->sourceCode.CStr()).find("register("),
+        std::string::npos);
+
     delete shader;
 }
 
@@ -101,6 +162,15 @@ TEST(BuiltinForwardPipeline_Test, BuiltinUnlitShaderUsesUnityStyleSingleSourceSu
     EXPECT_TRUE(pass->fixedFunctionState.depthWriteEnable);
     EXPECT_EQ(pass->fixedFunctionState.depthFunc, MaterialComparisonFunc::LessEqual);
 
+    const ShaderStageVariant* fragmentVariant = shader->FindVariant(
+        "Unlit",
+        XCEngine::Resources::ShaderType::Fragment,
+        XCEngine::Resources::ShaderBackend::D3D12);
+    ASSERT_NE(fragmentVariant, nullptr);
+    EXPECT_EQ(
+        std::string(fragmentVariant->sourceCode.CStr()).find("register("),
+        std::string::npos);
+
     delete shader;
 }
 
@@ -129,9 +199,10 @@ TEST(BuiltinForwardPipeline_Test, BuiltinUnlitShaderBuildsVulkanRuntimeSourceWit
             XCEngine::Resources::ShaderBackend::Vulkan,
             *fragmentVariant);
 
-    EXPECT_NE(
-        runtimeSource.find("cbuffer MaterialConstants : register(b0, space1)"),
-        std::string::npos);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(SourceContainsRegisterBinding(
+        runtimeSource,
+        "cbuffer MaterialConstants",
+        "register(b0, space1)"));
     EXPECT_NE(runtimeSource.find("BaseColorTexture"), std::string::npos);
     EXPECT_NE(runtimeSource.find("space2"), std::string::npos);
     EXPECT_NE(runtimeSource.find("LinearClampSampler"), std::string::npos);
@@ -167,10 +238,18 @@ TEST(BuiltinForwardPipeline_Test, VulkanRuntimeCompileDescRewritesUnityStyleUnli
     const std::string d3d12Source(
         reinterpret_cast<const char*>(d3d12CompileDesc.source.data()),
         d3d12CompileDesc.source.size());
-    EXPECT_NE(d3d12Source.find("BaseColorTexture"), std::string::npos);
-    EXPECT_NE(d3d12Source.find("LinearClampSampler"), std::string::npos);
-    EXPECT_EQ(d3d12Source.find("space2"), std::string::npos);
-    EXPECT_EQ(d3d12Source.find("space3"), std::string::npos);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(SourceContainsRegisterBinding(
+        d3d12Source,
+        "cbuffer MaterialConstants",
+        "register(b1)"));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(SourceContainsRegisterBinding(
+        d3d12Source,
+        "Texture2D BaseColorTexture",
+        "register(t0)"));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(SourceContainsRegisterBinding(
+        d3d12Source,
+        "SamplerState LinearClampSampler",
+        "register(s0)"));
 
     const ShaderStageVariant* vulkanFragment = shader->FindVariant(
         "Unlit",
@@ -187,7 +266,10 @@ TEST(BuiltinForwardPipeline_Test, VulkanRuntimeCompileDescRewritesUnityStyleUnli
     const std::string vulkanSource(
         reinterpret_cast<const char*>(vulkanCompileDesc.source.data()),
         vulkanCompileDesc.source.size());
-    EXPECT_NE(vulkanSource.find("cbuffer MaterialConstants : register(b0, space1)"), std::string::npos);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(SourceContainsRegisterBinding(
+        vulkanSource,
+        "cbuffer MaterialConstants",
+        "register(b0, space1)"));
     EXPECT_NE(vulkanSource.find("BaseColorTexture"), std::string::npos);
     EXPECT_NE(vulkanSource.find("space2"), std::string::npos);
     EXPECT_NE(vulkanSource.find("LinearClampSampler"), std::string::npos);
@@ -227,10 +309,40 @@ TEST(BuiltinForwardPipeline_Test, VulkanRuntimeCompileDescRewritesUnityStyleForw
     const std::string d3d12Source(
         reinterpret_cast<const char*>(d3d12CompileDesc.source.data()),
         d3d12CompileDesc.source.size());
-    EXPECT_NE(d3d12Source.find("cbuffer LightingConstants : register(b1)"), std::string::npos);
-    EXPECT_NE(d3d12Source.find("Texture2D ShadowMapTexture : register(t1)"), std::string::npos);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(SourceContainsRegisterBinding(
+        d3d12Source,
+        "cbuffer PerObjectConstants",
+        "register(b0)"));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(SourceContainsRegisterBinding(
+        d3d12Source,
+        "cbuffer LightingConstants",
+        "register(b1)"));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(SourceContainsRegisterBinding(
+        d3d12Source,
+        "cbuffer MaterialConstants",
+        "register(b2)"));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(SourceContainsRegisterBinding(
+        d3d12Source,
+        "cbuffer ShadowReceiverConstants",
+        "register(b3)"));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(SourceContainsRegisterBinding(
+        d3d12Source,
+        "Texture2D BaseColorTexture",
+        "register(t0)"));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(SourceContainsRegisterBinding(
+        d3d12Source,
+        "SamplerState LinearClampSampler",
+        "register(s0)"));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(SourceContainsRegisterBinding(
+        d3d12Source,
+        "Texture2D ShadowMapTexture",
+        "register(t1)"));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(SourceContainsRegisterBinding(
+        d3d12Source,
+        "SamplerState ShadowMapSampler",
+        "register(s1)"));
+    EXPECT_EQ(d3d12Source.find("space0"), std::string::npos);
     EXPECT_EQ(d3d12Source.find("space1"), std::string::npos);
-    EXPECT_EQ(d3d12Source.find("space6"), std::string::npos);
 
     const ShaderStageVariant* vulkanFragment = shader->FindVariant(
         "ForwardLit",
@@ -248,14 +360,38 @@ TEST(BuiltinForwardPipeline_Test, VulkanRuntimeCompileDescRewritesUnityStyleForw
     const std::string vulkanSource(
         reinterpret_cast<const char*>(vulkanCompileDesc.source.data()),
         vulkanCompileDesc.source.size());
-    EXPECT_NE(vulkanSource.find("cbuffer PerObjectConstants : register(b0, space0)"), std::string::npos);
-    EXPECT_NE(vulkanSource.find("cbuffer LightingConstants : register(b0, space1)"), std::string::npos);
-    EXPECT_NE(vulkanSource.find("cbuffer MaterialConstants : register(b0, space2)"), std::string::npos);
-    EXPECT_NE(vulkanSource.find("cbuffer ShadowReceiverConstants : register(b0, space3)"), std::string::npos);
-    EXPECT_NE(vulkanSource.find("Texture2D BaseColorTexture : register(t0, space4)"), std::string::npos);
-    EXPECT_NE(vulkanSource.find("SamplerState LinearClampSampler : register(s0, space5)"), std::string::npos);
-    EXPECT_NE(vulkanSource.find("Texture2D ShadowMapTexture : register(t0, space6)"), std::string::npos);
-    EXPECT_NE(vulkanSource.find("SamplerState ShadowMapSampler : register(s0, space7)"), std::string::npos);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(SourceContainsRegisterBinding(
+        vulkanSource,
+        "cbuffer PerObjectConstants",
+        "register(b0, space0)"));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(SourceContainsRegisterBinding(
+        vulkanSource,
+        "cbuffer LightingConstants",
+        "register(b0, space1)"));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(SourceContainsRegisterBinding(
+        vulkanSource,
+        "cbuffer MaterialConstants",
+        "register(b0, space2)"));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(SourceContainsRegisterBinding(
+        vulkanSource,
+        "cbuffer ShadowReceiverConstants",
+        "register(b0, space3)"));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(SourceContainsRegisterBinding(
+        vulkanSource,
+        "Texture2D BaseColorTexture",
+        "register(t0, space4)"));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(SourceContainsRegisterBinding(
+        vulkanSource,
+        "SamplerState LinearClampSampler",
+        "register(s0, space5)"));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(SourceContainsRegisterBinding(
+        vulkanSource,
+        "Texture2D ShadowMapTexture",
+        "register(t0, space6)"));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(SourceContainsRegisterBinding(
+        vulkanSource,
+        "SamplerState ShadowMapSampler",
+        "register(s0, space7)"));
 
     delete shader;
 }
@@ -664,11 +800,20 @@ TEST(BuiltinForwardPipeline_Test, VulkanRuntimeCompileDescRewritesUnityStyleFina
     const std::string d3d12Source(
         reinterpret_cast<const char*>(d3d12CompileDesc.source.data()),
         d3d12CompileDesc.source.size());
-    EXPECT_NE(d3d12Source.find("cbuffer FinalColorConstants : register(b0)"), std::string::npos);
-    EXPECT_NE(d3d12Source.find("Texture2D gSourceColorTexture : register(t0)"), std::string::npos);
-    EXPECT_NE(d3d12Source.find("SamplerState gLinearClampSampler : register(s0)"), std::string::npos);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(SourceContainsRegisterBinding(
+        d3d12Source,
+        "cbuffer FinalColorConstants",
+        "register(b0)"));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(SourceContainsRegisterBinding(
+        d3d12Source,
+        "Texture2D gSourceColorTexture",
+        "register(t0)"));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(SourceContainsRegisterBinding(
+        d3d12Source,
+        "SamplerState gLinearClampSampler",
+        "register(s0)"));
+    EXPECT_EQ(d3d12Source.find("space0"), std::string::npos);
     EXPECT_EQ(d3d12Source.find("space1"), std::string::npos);
-    EXPECT_EQ(d3d12Source.find("space2"), std::string::npos);
 
     const ShaderStageVariant* vulkanFragment = shader->FindVariant(
         "FinalColor",
@@ -681,15 +826,18 @@ TEST(BuiltinForwardPipeline_Test, VulkanRuntimeCompileDescRewritesUnityStyleFina
             *pass,
             XCEngine::Resources::ShaderBackend::Vulkan,
             *vulkanFragment);
-    EXPECT_NE(
-        runtimeSource.find("cbuffer FinalColorConstants : register(b0, space0)"),
-        std::string::npos);
-    EXPECT_NE(
-        runtimeSource.find("Texture2D gSourceColorTexture : register(t0, space1)"),
-        std::string::npos);
-    EXPECT_NE(
-        runtimeSource.find("SamplerState gLinearClampSampler : register(s0, space2)"),
-        std::string::npos);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(SourceContainsRegisterBinding(
+        runtimeSource,
+        "cbuffer FinalColorConstants",
+        "register(b0, space0)"));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(SourceContainsRegisterBinding(
+        runtimeSource,
+        "Texture2D gSourceColorTexture",
+        "register(t0, space1)"));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(SourceContainsRegisterBinding(
+        runtimeSource,
+        "SamplerState gLinearClampSampler",
+        "register(s0, space2)"));
 
     ShaderCompileDesc vulkanCompileDesc = {};
     ::XCEngine::Rendering::Detail::ApplyShaderStageVariant(
@@ -778,11 +926,20 @@ TEST(BuiltinForwardPipeline_Test, VulkanRuntimeCompileDescRewritesUnityStyleColo
     const std::string d3d12Source(
         reinterpret_cast<const char*>(d3d12CompileDesc.source.data()),
         d3d12CompileDesc.source.size());
-    EXPECT_NE(d3d12Source.find("cbuffer PostProcessConstants : register(b0)"), std::string::npos);
-    EXPECT_NE(d3d12Source.find("Texture2D gSourceColorTexture : register(t0)"), std::string::npos);
-    EXPECT_NE(d3d12Source.find("SamplerState gLinearClampSampler : register(s0)"), std::string::npos);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(SourceContainsRegisterBinding(
+        d3d12Source,
+        "cbuffer PostProcessConstants",
+        "register(b0)"));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(SourceContainsRegisterBinding(
+        d3d12Source,
+        "Texture2D gSourceColorTexture",
+        "register(t0)"));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(SourceContainsRegisterBinding(
+        d3d12Source,
+        "SamplerState gLinearClampSampler",
+        "register(s0)"));
+    EXPECT_EQ(d3d12Source.find("space0"), std::string::npos);
     EXPECT_EQ(d3d12Source.find("space1"), std::string::npos);
-    EXPECT_EQ(d3d12Source.find("space2"), std::string::npos);
 
     const ShaderStageVariant* vulkanFragment = shader->FindVariant(
         "ColorScale",
@@ -795,15 +952,18 @@ TEST(BuiltinForwardPipeline_Test, VulkanRuntimeCompileDescRewritesUnityStyleColo
             *pass,
             XCEngine::Resources::ShaderBackend::Vulkan,
             *vulkanFragment);
-    EXPECT_NE(
-        runtimeSource.find("cbuffer PostProcessConstants : register(b0, space0)"),
-        std::string::npos);
-    EXPECT_NE(
-        runtimeSource.find("Texture2D gSourceColorTexture : register(t0, space1)"),
-        std::string::npos);
-    EXPECT_NE(
-        runtimeSource.find("SamplerState gLinearClampSampler : register(s0, space2)"),
-        std::string::npos);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(SourceContainsRegisterBinding(
+        runtimeSource,
+        "cbuffer PostProcessConstants",
+        "register(b0, space0)"));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(SourceContainsRegisterBinding(
+        runtimeSource,
+        "Texture2D gSourceColorTexture",
+        "register(t0, space1)"));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(SourceContainsRegisterBinding(
+        runtimeSource,
+        "SamplerState gLinearClampSampler",
+        "register(s0, space2)"));
 
     ShaderCompileDesc vulkanCompileDesc = {};
     ::XCEngine::Rendering::Detail::ApplyShaderStageVariant(