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+# MiniEngine Core 鍏ラ棬瑙ｆ瀽
+
+> 闈㈠悜璇昏€咃細鍥惧舰瀛﹀皬鐧姐€佸紩鎿庡紑鍙戞柊鎵嬨€佸垰寮€濮嬫帴瑙?DirectX 12 鐨勫紑鍙戣€? 
+> 闃呰鑼冨洿锛歚D:\Xuanchi\Main\Nyx-main\MiniEngine\Core`  
+> 鏂囨。鐩爣锛氫笉鏄畝鍗曠綏鍒楁枃浠讹紝鑰屾槸瑙ｉ噴 `Core` 鍦ㄦ暣涓」鐩噷鐨勮亴璐ｃ€佸唴閮ㄦā鍧楀浣曞崗浣溿€佷负浠€涔堣杩欐牱璁捐
+
+## 1. 鍏堣缁撹锛歚Core` 鍒板簳鏄粈涔?
+浠庝粨搴撴牴鐩綍 `readme.md` 鍜屽悇涓簮鏂囦欢澶撮儴鐨勭増鏉冧俊鎭彲浠ョ洿鎺ョ湅鍑猴紝杩欎釜椤圭洰鏉ヨ嚜 Microsoft Team Minigraph / MiniEngine 浣撶郴锛宍Core` 鏄暣涓?MiniEngine 鐨勫叕鍏卞簳搴с€?
+鏍圭洰褰?README 涓€寮€澶村氨鏄細
+
+```md
+# MiniEngine by Team Minigraph at Microsoft
+```
+
+鑰?`Core` 鐩綍閲岀殑澶ч儴鍒嗘枃浠跺ご閮藉啓鐫€锛?
+```cpp
+//
+// Copyright (c) Microsoft. All rights reserved.
+// This code is licensed under the MIT License (MIT).
+// THIS CODE IS PROVIDED *AS IS* WITHOUT WARRANTY OF
+// ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING ANY
+// IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
+// PURPOSE, MERCHANTABILITY, OR NON-INFRINGEMENT.
+//
+// Developed by Minigraph
+//
+```
+
+鎵€浠ュ鏋滃彧鐢ㄤ竴鍙ヨ瘽姒傛嫭锛?
+**`Core` 灏辨槸 MiniEngine 鐨勨€滃叕鍏辫繍琛屾椂 + D3D12 娓叉煋鎶借薄灞?+ 璋冭瘯鍒嗘瀽宸ュ叿绠扁€濄€?*
+
+瀹冧笉鏄竴涓崟鐙殑鈥滄覆鏌撳姛鑳芥ā鍧椻€濓紝鑰屾槸涓€鏁村鍩虹璁炬柦锛岃礋璐ｈВ鍐宠繖浜涢棶棰橈細
+
+- Win32 绋嬪簭鎬庝箞鍚姩銆佹€庝箞杩涗富寰幆
+- D3D12 璁惧銆佷氦鎹㈤摼銆佸懡浠ら槦鍒椼€佸懡浠ゅ垪琛ㄣ€丗ence 鎬庝箞绠＄悊
+- 璧勬簮鐘舵€佸垏鎹€佹弿杩扮鍫嗐€丷oot Signature銆丳SO 鎬庝箞灏佽
+- 棰滆壊缂撳啿銆佹繁搴︾紦鍐层€佺粨鏋勫寲 Buffer銆佺汗鐞嗚繖浜?GPU 璧勬簮鎬庝箞鎶借薄
+- 鍚庡鐞嗐€乀AA銆丗XAA銆丼SAO銆乆eGTAO銆丏oF銆丮otion Blur 杩欎簺閫氱敤鏁堟灉鎬庝箞澶嶇敤
+- 鐩告満銆佽緭鍏ャ€佽皟鍙傘€両mGui銆佹€ц兘鍒嗘瀽杩欎簺杩愯鏃跺伐鍏锋€庝箞鎺ュ叆
+
+濡傛灉浣犳妸 MiniEngine 鎯虫垚涓€鍙版満鍣紝閭ｄ箞锛?
+- `ModelViewer`銆乣SceneViewer` 涔嬬被鐩綍鏇村儚鈥滃叿浣撳簲鐢ㄢ€?- `Core` 鍒欐槸鐢垫簮銆佸簳鐩樸€佹€荤嚎銆佷华琛ㄧ洏鍜屼紶鍔ㄧ郴缁?
+## 2. `Core` 鐩綍搴旇鎬庝箞璇?
+瀵瑰垵瀛﹁€呮潵璇达紝鏈€瀹规槗鐘殑閿欒鏄€滄寜鏂囦欢鍚嶄竴涓竴涓‖鍟冣€濄€傛洿楂樻晥鐨勮娉曟槸鎸夎亴璐ｅ垎灞傦細
+
+| 鍒嗗眰 | 鍏抽敭鏂囦欢 | 浣滅敤 |
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| 鍚姩涓庝富寰幆 | `GameCore.*`, `GraphicsCore.*`, `Display.*`, `SystemTime.*` | 寤虹獥鍙ｃ€佸缓 D3D12 璁惧銆佽窇姣忓抚寰幆銆佹渶缁?Present |
+| 鍛戒护鎻愪氦涓庡悓姝?| `CommandListManager.*`, `CommandContext.*`, `CommandAllocatorPool.*` | 绠″懡浠ら槦鍒椼€佸懡浠ゅ垪琛ㄣ€佸懡浠ゅ垎閰嶅櫒銆丗ence |
+| D3D12 鐘舵€佹娊璞?| `DescriptorHeap.*`, `DynamicDescriptorHeap.*`, `RootSignature.*`, `PipelineState.*`, `CommandSignature.*`, `SamplerManager.*` | 灏佽鎻忚堪绗︺€佹牴绛惧悕銆丳SO銆侀潤鎬侀噰鏍峰櫒銆侀棿鎺ュ懡浠?|
+| GPU 璧勬簮鎶借薄 | `GpuResource.h`, `PixelBuffer.*`, `ColorBuffer.*`, `DepthBuffer.*`, `GpuBuffer.*`, `Texture.*` | 鎶借薄绾圭悊銆丅uffer銆丷T銆丏S銆丼RV/UAV/RTV/DSV |
+| 甯у唴璧勬簮姹?| `BufferManager.*`, `GraphicsCommon.*` | 缁熶竴鍒涘缓鎵€鏈夊父鐢ㄧ紦鍐层€侀粯璁ょ汗鐞嗐€侀粯璁ょ姸鎬併€佸叡浜?PSO |
+| 鐩告満涓庤緭鍏?| `Camera.*`, `CameraController.*`, `ShadowCamera.*`, `GameInput.*` | 鐩告満鐭╅樀銆佹帶鍒跺櫒銆侀槾褰辩浉鏈恒€侀敭榧?鎵嬫焺杈撳叆 |
+| 鍚庡鐞嗕笌楂樼骇鏁堟灉 | `PostEffects.*`, `TemporalEffects.*`, `FXAA.*`, `SSAO.*`, `XeGTAO.*`, `MotionBlur.*`, `DepthOfField.*`, `IBL.*` | 涓€鏁村灞忓箷鍚庡鐞嗗拰鐜鍏夌収棰勮绠?|
+| 宸ュ叿涓庤皟璇?| `EngineTuning.*`, `EngineProfiling.*`, `GpuTimeManager.*`, `ImGuiManager.*`, `GraphRenderer.*`, `TextRenderer.*` | 璋冨弬 UI銆丆PU/GPU 璁℃椂銆両mGui 鎺ュ叆 |
+| 鍐呭瓨涓庡垎閰?| `LinearAllocator.*`, `BuddyAllocator.*`, `UploadBuffer.*`, `ReadbackBuffer.*`, `EsramAllocator.h` | 涓婁紶鍐呭瓨銆佽鍥炲唴瀛樸€佸瓙鍒嗛厤鍣?|
+| 鏁板涓庡伐鍏?| `Math/*`, `VectorMath.h`, `FileUtility.*`, `TextureManager.*`, `Util/CommandLineArg.*` | 鏁板鍩虹銆佹枃浠惰鍐欍€佺汗鐞嗙紦瀛樸€佸懡浠よ鍙傛暟 |
+
+瀵规柊浜烘渶鎺ㄨ崘鐨勯槄璇婚『搴忎笉鏄€滀粠鏈€鐭殑鏂囦欢寮€濮嬧€濓紝鑰屾槸锛?
+1. `GameCore.h/.cpp`
+2. `GraphicsCore.h/.cpp`
+3. `Display.h/.cpp`
+4. `BufferManager.h/.cpp`
+5. `GpuResource.h`, `PixelBuffer.*`, `ColorBuffer.*`, `DepthBuffer.*`, `GpuBuffer.*`
+6. `CommandListManager.*`, `CommandContext.*`
+7. `DescriptorHeap.*`, `DynamicDescriptorHeap.*`, `RootSignature.*`, `PipelineState.*`
+8. `PostEffects.*`, `TemporalEffects.*`
+9. `Camera.*`, `GameInput.*`
+10. `EngineTuning.*`, `EngineProfiling.*`
+
+杩欐牱璇伙紝浣犱細鍏堝缓绔嬧€滆繖濂楃郴缁熷湪骞插槢鈥濈殑澶у浘锛屽啀鍥炲幓璇荤粏鑺傘€?
+## 3. 鏁翠釜绋嬪簭鏄€庝箞璺戣捣鏉ョ殑
+
+### 3.1 搴旂敤鎺ュ彛闈炲父钖?
+`GameCore.h` 閲屽畾涔変簡鏁翠釜搴旂敤灞傞渶瑕佸疄鐜扮殑鎺ュ彛锛?
+```cpp
+namespace GameCore
+{
+    class IGameApp
+    {
+    public:
+        virtual void Startup( void ) = 0;
+        virtual void Cleanup( void ) = 0;
+        virtual bool IsDone( void );
+        virtual void Update( float deltaT ) = 0;
+        virtual void RenderScene( void ) = 0;
+        virtual void RenderUI( class GraphicsContext& ) {};
+        virtual bool RequiresRaytracingSupport() const { return false; }
+    };
+}
+```
+
+杩欐鎺ュ彛闈炲父閲嶈锛屽洜涓哄畠鎶娾€滃簲鐢ㄥ啓浠€涔堚€濆拰鈥滃紩鎿庡簳灞傚仛浠€涔堚€濆垏寮€浜嗭細
+
+- 搴旂敤灞傚彧璐熻矗鍚姩銆佹洿鏂般€佸満鏅覆鏌撱€乁I 娓叉煋
+- 涓诲惊鐜€佽緭鍏ャ€佸悗澶勭悊銆丳resent 閮界敱 `Core` 缁熶竴璋冨害
+
+杩欎篃鏄?MiniEngine 鐨勪竴涓牳蹇冭璁℃€濊矾锛?
+**搴旂敤涓嶇洿鎺ユ懜浜ゆ崲閾惧拰绐楀彛娑堟伅寰幆锛岃€屾槸鎶婅嚜宸卞祵鍏ュ埌涓€涓浐瀹氭鏋堕噷銆?*
+
+### 3.2 WinMain 鍒颁富寰幆
+
+`CREATE_APPLICATION` 瀹忎細鐢熸垚 `wWinMain`锛岀劧鍚庢妸搴旂敤瀵硅薄浜ょ粰 `GameCore::RunApplication()`銆?
+`RunApplication()` 閲屽仛鐨勪簨鎯呭彲浠ユ鎷垚锛?
+1. 妫€鏌?CPU SIMD 鏀寔
+2. 鍒濆鍖?WinRT
+3. 娉ㄥ唽 Win32 绐楀彛绫?4. 鍒涘缓绐楀彛
+5. 璋?`InitializeApplication(app)`
+6. 杩涘叆娑堟伅寰幆
+7. 姣忔绌洪棽鏃惰皟 `UpdateApplication(app)`
+8. 閫€鍑烘椂璋?`TerminateApplication(app)` 鍜?`Graphics::Shutdown()`
+
+涔熷氨鏄锛?*鐪熸鐨勬瘡甯ч┍鍔ㄥ叆鍙ｄ笉鏄簲鐢ㄨ嚜宸辩殑 while 寰幆锛岃€屾槸 `UpdateApplication()`銆?*
+
+### 3.3 姣忓抚閮藉仛浜嗕粈涔?
+`GameCore.cpp` 鐨勬瘡甯ф祦绋嬮潪甯稿€煎緱鑳屼笅鏉ワ細
+
+```cpp
+bool UpdateApplication( IGameApp& game )
+{
+    float DeltaTime = Graphics::GetFrameTime();
+
+    GameInput::Update(DeltaTime);
+    ImGuiManager::NewFrame();
+    EngineProfiling::Update();
+    EngineTuning::Update(DeltaTime);
+    
+    game.Update(DeltaTime);
+    game.RenderScene();
+
+    PostEffects::Render();
+
+    GraphicsContext& UiContext = GraphicsContext::Begin(L"Render UI");
+    UiContext.TransitionResource(g_OverlayBuffer, D3D12_RESOURCE_STATE_RENDER_TARGET, true);
+    UiContext.ClearColor(g_OverlayBuffer);
+    UiContext.SetRenderTarget(g_OverlayBuffer.GetRTV());
+    UiContext.SetViewportAndScissor(0, 0, g_OverlayBuffer.GetWidth(), g_OverlayBuffer.GetHeight());
+    game.RenderUI(UiContext);
+    UiContext.SetRenderTarget(g_OverlayBuffer.GetRTV());
+    UiContext.SetViewportAndScissor(0, 0, g_OverlayBuffer.GetWidth(), g_OverlayBuffer.GetHeight());
+    EngineTuning::Display( UiContext, 10.0f, 40.0f, 1900.0f, 1040.0f );
+    ImGuiManager::Render(UiContext);
+
+    UiContext.Finish();
+
+    Display::Present();
+
+    return !game.IsDone();
+}
+```
+
+杩欐浠ｇ爜涓€鍙ｆ皵璇存槑浜嗗緢澶氫簨鎯咃細
+
+- 杈撳叆鏇存柊鍦ㄩ€昏緫涔嬪墠
+- ImGui / 璋冨弬绯荤粺鏄鏋剁骇鍔熻兘锛屼笉褰掑簲鐢ㄨ嚜宸辫皟搴?- `game.RenderScene()` 缁撴潫鍚庯紝妗嗘灦浼氳嚜鍔ㄥ仛 `PostEffects::Render()`
+- UI 涓嶆槸鐩存帴鐢诲埌浜ゆ崲閾撅紝鑰屾槸鍏堢敾鍒?`g_OverlayBuffer`
+- 鏈€鍚庣敱 `Display::Present()` 鎶婂満鏅鑹茬紦鍐插拰 UI 鍙犲姞鍚庨€佸埌浜ゆ崲閾?
+鎵€浠ュ浜庡簲鐢ㄤ綔鑰呮潵璇达紝`RenderScene()` 鐨勭湡姝ｈ亴璐ｆ槸锛?
+**鎶婁竴甯у満鏅覆鏌撳埌 Core 棰勬湡鐨勫唴閮ㄧ紦鍐查噷锛岃€屼笉鏄嚜宸辩洿鎺?Present銆?*
+
+## 4. `GraphicsCore`锛氱湡姝ｇ殑 D3D12 鍒濆鍖栦腑蹇?
+`GraphicsCore.cpp` 鏄暣涓浘褰㈢郴缁熺殑鎬诲叆鍙ｃ€傚畠璐熻矗锛?
+- 寤虹珛 D3D12 璁惧
+- 鎵撳紑 Debug Layer / GPU Validation
+- 閫夋嫨纭欢閫傞厤鍣ㄦ垨鍥為€€ WARP
+- 鏌ヨ纭欢鐗规€?- 鍒濆鍖栧懡浠ょ郴缁?- 鍒濆鍖栧叕鍏辩姸鎬佸拰缂撳啿
+- 鍒濆鍖栧悗澶勭悊銆丄O銆佹椂闂村煙鏁堟灉銆佺矑瀛愮郴缁?
+鏈€鑳借鏄庨棶棰樼殑鏄垵濮嬪寲鏈熬杩欎竴娈碉細
+
+```cpp
+g_CommandManager.Create(g_Device);
+
+InitializeCommonState();
+
+Display::Initialize();
+
+GpuTimeManager::Initialize(4096);
+TemporalEffects::Initialize();
+PostEffects::Initialize();
+SSAO::Initialize();
+XeGTAO::Initialize();
+ParticleEffectManager::Initialize(3840, 2160);
+```
+
+杩欒鏄?`GraphicsCore` 骞朵笉鏄彧鍋氣€滃垱寤鸿澶団€濊繖涔堢畝鍗曪紝瀹冩洿鍍忎竴涓€昏杞﹂棿锛?
+- `g_CommandManager` 绠″懡浠ら槦鍒?- `InitializeCommonState()` 寤洪粯璁ら噰鏍峰櫒銆侀粯璁?PSO銆侀粯璁ょ汗鐞嗐€佸叡浜?Root Signature
+- `Display::Initialize()` 寤轰氦鎹㈤摼鍜屾渶缁堟樉绀虹绾?- `GpuTimeManager` 缁?profiling 鐢?- `TemporalEffects`銆乣PostEffects`銆乣SSAO`銆乣XeGTAO` 杩欎簺閫氱敤鏁堟灉鍦ㄨ繖閲屾敞鍐?
+### 4.1 瀹冧负浠€涔堜細鏌ヨ Typed UAV Load
+
+`GraphicsCore.cpp` 閲屾湁涓€娈靛緢鍏抽敭鐨勭‖浠惰兘鍔涙鏌ワ紝鐩殑鏄湅鏄惧崱鏄惁鏀寔瀵?`R11G11B10_FLOAT` 鍜?`R16G16B16A16_FLOAT` 鍋?Typed UAV Load銆?
+鍘熷洜寰堝疄闄咃細
+
+- 鍚庡鐞嗗笇鏈涚洿鎺ユ妸 HDR 棰滆壊缂撳啿褰?UAV 璇诲啓
+- 浣嗕笉鏄墍鏈夌‖浠堕兘鏀寔瀵规煇浜涙诞鐐规牸寮忓仛 UAV Typed Load
+- 鎵€浠ュ紩鎿庨渶瑕佸噯澶囦竴涓吋瀹硅矾寰?
+杩欏氨鏄负浠€涔?`BufferManager` 閲屼細鏈変竴涓緢濂囨€殑锛?
+- `g_SceneColorBuffer`锛氱湡姝ｇ殑 HDR 棰滆壊缂撳啿
+- `g_PostEffectsBuffer`锛歚R32_UINT` 鐨勫悗澶勭悊澶囩敤缂撳啿
+
+褰撶‖浠朵笉鏀寔鐩存帴璇诲啓 HDR buffer 鏃讹紝鍚庡鐞嗗厛鍐欏埌 `g_PostEffectsBuffer`锛屾渶鍚庡啀 copy back銆?
+杩欑被浠ｇ爜闈炲父鑳戒綋鐜?D3D12 寮曟搸寮€鍙戠殑鐜板疄锛?
+**娓叉煋绠楁硶涓嶅彧鏄€滃叕寮忔纭€濓紝杩樿瀵圭‖浠惰兘鍔涘仛鍒嗗弶澶勭悊銆?*
+
+## 5. 鍛戒护绯荤粺锛歁iniEngine 鎬庝箞鎶?D3D12 鐨勯夯鐑﹁棌璧锋潵
+
+濡傛灉浣犲垰瀛?D3D12锛屾渶澶寸柤鐨勪竴瀹氭槸杩欏嚑鏍蜂笢瑗匡細
+
+- `ID3D12CommandQueue`
+- `ID3D12CommandAllocator`
+- `ID3D12GraphicsCommandList`
+- `Fence`
+- 璧勬簮鐘舵€佸垏鎹?
+MiniEngine 鐨勬€濊矾鏄細
+
+- `CommandListManager` 璐熻矗鈥滈槦鍒楃骇鍒€濈殑瀵硅薄
+- `CommandContext` 璐熻矗鈥滃綍鍛戒护鏃剁殑涓婁笅鏂団€?- `CommandAllocatorPool` 璐熻矗澶嶇敤 allocator
+
+### 5.1 涓変釜鍛戒护闃熷垪閮借缁熶竴鍖呰捣鏉ヤ簡
+
+`CommandListManager` 閲屾湁涓変釜闃熷垪锛?
+- Graphics Queue
+- Compute Queue
+- Copy Queue
+
+鑰屾瘡涓?`CommandQueue` 鑷繁缁存姢锛?
+- 涓€涓?`ID3D12CommandQueue`
+- 涓€涓?`Fence`
+- 涓€涓?`CommandAllocatorPool`
+- 涓嬩竴涓?fence value
+- 宸插畬鎴?fence value
+
+瀹冪殑鏍稿績鎻愪氦閫昏緫闈炲父鏈寸礌锛?
+```cpp
+uint64_t CommandQueue::ExecuteCommandList( ID3D12CommandList* List )
+{
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> LockGuard(m_FenceMutex);
+
+    ASSERT_SUCCEEDED(((ID3D12GraphicsCommandList*)List)->Close());
+
+    m_CommandQueue->ExecuteCommandLists(1, &List);
+
+    m_CommandQueue->Signal(m_pFence, m_NextFenceValue);
+
+    return m_NextFenceValue++;
+}
+```
+
+杩欐浠ｇ爜鐨勬剰涔夋槸锛?
+- 鍛戒护鍒楄〃褰曞畬鍚庡厛 `Close`
+- 鎻愪氦缁?GPU 鎵ц
+- 绔嬪埢鍦ㄩ槦鍒椾笂 signal 涓€涓?fence
+- 鐢ㄨ繑鍥炵殑 fence value 琛ㄧず鈥滆繖鎵瑰懡浠や粈涔堟椂鍊欑湡鐨勬墽琛屽畬浜嗏€?
+涓€涓緢鑱槑鐨勫皬缁嗚妭鏄紝fence 鐨勯珮浣嶇紪鐮佷簡闃熷垪绫诲瀷锛?
+```cpp
+m_NextFenceValue((uint64_t)Type << 56 | 1)
+```
+
+杩欒绯荤粺鍚庨潰鐪嬪埌涓€涓?fence value 鏃讹紝灏辫兘鍙嶆帹鍑哄畠灞炰簬 graphics / compute / copy 鍝釜闃熷垪銆?
+### 5.2 `CommandContext` 鏄€滃啓鍛戒护鐨勫伐浣滃彴鈥?
+瀵瑰簲鐢ㄤ唬鐮佸拰娓叉煋鍔熻兘妯″潡鏉ヨ锛屾渶甯哥敤鐨勬槸 `CommandContext`銆乣GraphicsContext` 鍜?`ComputeContext`銆?
+浣犲彲浠ユ妸瀹冪悊瑙ｆ垚锛?
+- `CommandQueue` 鏄繍杈撻槦
+- `CommandContext` 鏄璐у彴
+
+`CommandContext` 鎻愪緵浜嗗ぇ閲忛珮灞?API锛?
+- `TransitionResource`
+- `ClearUAV`
+- `SetRootSignature`
+- `SetPipelineState`
+- `SetDynamicDescriptor`
+- `SetDynamicConstantBufferView`
+- `Draw`
+- `Dispatch`
+- `Finish`
+
+杩欎簺 API 鏈€澶х殑浠峰€硷紝涓嶆槸鈥滃皯鎵撳嚑涓瓧鈥濓紝鑰屾槸鎶?D3D12 鏈€鍗遍櫓鐨勪袱浠朵簨鏀剁紪浜嗭細
+
+1. 璧勬簮鐘舵€佺鐞?2. 涓存椂鎻忚堪绗﹀拰涓存椂涓婁紶鍐呭瓨绠＄悊
+
+### 5.3 璧勬簮鐘舵€佸垏鎹㈡槸鎬庝箞鍋氱殑
+
+涓嬮潰杩欐鏄?`CommandContext::TransitionResource()` 鐨勬牳蹇冿細
+
+```cpp
+void CommandContext::TransitionResource(GpuResource& Resource, D3D12_RESOURCE_STATES NewState, bool FlushImmediate)
+{
+    D3D12_RESOURCE_STATES OldState = Resource.m_UsageState;
+
+    if (OldState != NewState)
+    {
+        ASSERT(m_NumBarriersToFlush < 16, "Exceeded arbitrary limit on buffered barriers");
+        D3D12_RESOURCE_BARRIER& BarrierDesc = m_ResourceBarrierBuffer[m_NumBarriersToFlush++];
+
+        BarrierDesc.Type = D3D12_RESOURCE_BARRIER_TYPE_TRANSITION;
+        BarrierDesc.Transition.pResource = Resource.GetResource();
+        BarrierDesc.Transition.Subresource = D3D12_RESOURCE_BARRIER_ALL_SUBRESOURCES;
+        BarrierDesc.Transition.StateBefore = OldState;
+        BarrierDesc.Transition.StateAfter = NewState;
+
+        if (NewState == Resource.m_TransitioningState)
+        {
+            BarrierDesc.Flags = D3D12_RESOURCE_BARRIER_FLAG_END_ONLY;
+            Resource.m_TransitioningState = (D3D12_RESOURCE_STATES)-1;
+        }
+        else
+            BarrierDesc.Flags = D3D12_RESOURCE_BARRIER_FLAG_NONE;
+
+        Resource.m_UsageState = NewState;
+    }
+    else if (NewState == D3D12_RESOURCE_STATE_UNORDERED_ACCESS)
+        InsertUAVBarrier(Resource, FlushImmediate);
+
+    if (FlushImmediate || m_NumBarriersToFlush == 16)
+        FlushResourceBarriers();
+}
+```
+
+瀵逛簬鍒濆鑰咃紝杩欐浠ｇ爜鏈€濂借繖鏍风悊瑙ｏ細
+
+- 姣忎釜 `GpuResource` 鑷繁璁颁綇鈥滄垜鐜板湪澶ф澶勪簬浠€涔堢姸鎬佲€?- 浣犺鍒囧埌鏂扮姸鎬佹椂锛屼笉鏄珛鍒昏皟涓€娆?D3D12 barrier锛岃€屾槸鍏堝杩涗竴涓皬鏁扮粍
+- 婊′簡鎴栬€呬綘瑕佹眰绔嬪埢 flush锛屾墠鐪熸鎻愪氦缁欏懡浠ゅ垪琛?- 濡傛灉鐩爣鐘舵€佸凡缁忔槸 `UAV`锛岃繕浼氳ˉ涓€涓?UAV barrier
+
+杩欏氨鏄吀鍨嬬殑鈥滃紩鎿庡眰鐘舵€佽窡韪€濄€?
+瀹冪殑浼樼偣鏄畝鍗曠洿鎺ワ紝缂虹偣涔熷緢鏄庢樉锛?
+- 杩欐槸鎵嬪伐鐘舵€佽窡韪紝涓嶆槸鑷姩璧勬簮璋冨害
+- 渚濊禆璋冪敤鑰呴伒瀹堢害瀹?- 涓嶅儚鐜颁唬 Render Graph 閭ｆ牱鑳藉仛璺?pass 鐢熷懡鍛ㄦ湡鎺ㄥ
+
+浣嗗鏁欏鏉ヨ锛岃繖鎭版伆寰堝ソ锛屽洜涓轰綘鑳芥竻妤氱湅鍒版瘡涓€姝ャ€?
+## 6. 鎻忚堪绗︺€丷oot Signature銆丳SO锛欴X12 鐨勫彟涓€澶ч毦鐐?
+### 6.1 涓ょ鎻忚堪绗﹀垎閰嶆柟寮?
+MiniEngine 鎶婃弿杩扮闂鍒嗘垚涓ょ被锛?
+1. **闀挎湡瀛樺湪鐨?CPU 鍙鎻忚堪绗?*
+   - 鐢?`DescriptorAllocator` 鍒嗛厤
+   - 璧勬簮鍒涘缓鏃舵嬁涓€娆?   - 渚嬪 `ColorBuffer` 鐨?SRV / RTV / UAV
+
+2. **姣忓抚銆佹瘡娆?Draw/Dispatch 闇€瑕佺粦瀹氬埌 GPU 鐨?shader-visible 鎻忚堪绗?*
+   - 鐢?`DynamicDescriptorHeap` 鍔ㄦ€佹嫹璐?   - 鐪熸缁戝畾鍓嶆墠濉炲埌 shader-visible heap
+
+涓轰粈涔堣杩欎箞鍒嗭紵
+
+鍥犱负 D3D12 涓細
+
+- 璧勬簮鍒涘缓鏃剁敓鎴愮殑鎻忚堪绗︿笉涓€瀹氭斁鍦?shader-visible heap 閲?- GPU 鐪熸鑳界粦瀹氱殑鎻忚堪绗?heap 鏁伴噺鍜岀被鍨嬮兘鏈夐檺
+- 鎵€浠ュ父瑙佸仛娉曟槸鈥滈暱鏈?CPU 鎻忚堪绗?+ 涓存椂 GPU 鍙澶嶅埗鈥?
+MiniEngine 鐨勫疄鐜版鏄繖涓璺€?
+### 6.2 `DynamicDescriptorHeap` 鍦ㄥ共浠€涔?
+瀹冪殑宸ヤ綔杩囩▼鍙互姒傛嫭涓猴細
+
+1. 鍏堟牴鎹?`RootSignature` 鎺ㄥ鍑烘瘡涓?descriptor table 闇€瑕佸嚑涓Ы浣?2. 璋冪敤 `SetDynamicDescriptor(s)` 鏃讹紝鍏堟妸 CPU handle 瀛樿繘涓€涓?cache
+3. 鐪熸 `Draw` / `Dispatch` 鍓嶏紝濡傛灉鍙戠幇鏈夎剰琛紝灏辨妸杩欎簺鎻忚堪绗﹀鍒跺埌 shader-visible heap
+4. 鐒跺悗鐢?`SetGraphicsRootDescriptorTable` / `SetComputeRootDescriptorTable` 缁戝畾
+
+杩欎釜璁捐闈炲父鍏稿瀷锛屼篃闈炲父瀹炵敤銆?
+瀹冨憡璇変綘涓€涓緢閲嶈鐨?DX12 浜嬪疄锛?
+**Descriptor 涓嶆槸璧勬簮鏈綋锛岃€屾槸璧勬簮瑙嗗浘锛涘紩鎿庣湡姝ｉ渶瑕佺鐞嗙殑鏄€滆鍥剧粦瀹氱殑鐢熷懡鍛ㄦ湡鈥濄€?*
+
+### 6.3 `GraphicsCommon` 缁熶竴浜嗏€滈€氱敤缁戝畾绾﹀畾鈥?
+`GraphicsCommon.cpp` 閲屽畾涔変簡寰堝榛樿鐘舵€侊紝浣嗘渶鍏抽敭鐨勬槸杩欎釜鍏变韩 Root Signature锛?
+```cpp
+g_CommonRS.Reset(4, 3);
+g_CommonRS[0].InitAsConstants(0, 4);
+g_CommonRS[1].InitAsDescriptorRange(D3D12_DESCRIPTOR_RANGE_TYPE_SRV, 0, 10);
+g_CommonRS[2].InitAsDescriptorRange(D3D12_DESCRIPTOR_RANGE_TYPE_UAV, 0, 10);
+g_CommonRS[3].InitAsConstantBuffer(1);
+g_CommonRS.InitStaticSampler(0, SamplerLinearClampDesc);
+g_CommonRS.InitStaticSampler(1, SamplerPointBorderDesc);
+g_CommonRS.InitStaticSampler(2, SamplerLinearBorderDesc);
+g_CommonRS.Finalize(L"GraphicsCommonRS");
+```
+
+杩欐剰鍛崇潃澶ч噺 compute pass 閮藉湪鍏变韩鍚屼竴濂楃粦瀹氱害瀹氾細
+
+- Root 0锛氬皯閲忓父閲?- Root 1锛歋RV 琛?- Root 2锛歎AV 琛?- Root 3锛氬父閲忕紦鍐?
+鎵€浠ヤ綘鐪嬪緢澶氭ā鍧楁椂浼氬彂鐜板畠浠€诲湪鍐欙細
+
+- `SetConstants(0, ...)`
+- `SetDynamicDescriptor(1, ...)`
+- `SetDynamicDescriptor(2, ...)`
+- `SetDynamicConstantBufferView(3, ...)`
+
+涓嶆槸宸у悎锛岃€屾槸鏁村 Core 鍦ㄥ鐢ㄨ繖濂楀叕鍏辨牴绛惧悕銆?
+### 6.4 Root Signature 鍜?PSO 閮藉仛浜嗙紦瀛樺幓閲?
+`RootSignature::Finalize()` 鍜?`GraphicsPSO::Finalize()` / `ComputePSO::Finalize()` 閮戒細鍏?hash 鐘舵€侊紝鍐嶆煡缂撳瓨銆?
+濂藉鏄細
+
+- 鐩稿悓閰嶇疆涓嶄細閲嶅鍒涘缓 D3D12 瀵硅薄
+- 澶氱嚎绋嬪満鏅笅涔熷敖閲忛伩鍏嶉噸澶嶇紪璇?
+杩欐槸涓€绉嶅緢鏍囧噯鐨勫紩鎿庡啓娉曪紝閫傚悎鍊熼壌銆?
+## 7. GPU 璧勬簮鎶借薄锛氳繖濂?Core 鏄€庝箞鈥滃懡鍚嶅拰鍖呰璧勬簮鈥濈殑
+
+### 7.1 绫荤户鎵垮叧绯?
+鍙互鍏堟妸璧勬簮灞傜湅鎴愪笅闈㈣繖妫垫爲锛?
+```text
+GpuResource
+|- PixelBuffer
+|  |- ColorBuffer
+|  |- DepthBuffer
+|  `- HierarchicalDepthBuffer
+|- GpuBuffer
+|  |- ByteAddressBuffer
+|  |- StructuredBuffer
+|  `- TypedBuffer
+`- Texture
+```
+
+### 7.2 `GpuResource`锛氭墍鏈?GPU 璧勬簮鐨勫叡鍚屽熀绫?
+`GpuResource` 寰堝皬锛屼絾寰堝叧閿€傚畠闄や簡淇濆瓨 `ID3D12Resource` 涔嬪锛岃繕淇濆瓨浜嗭細
+
+- `m_UsageState`
+- `m_TransitioningState`
+- `m_GpuVirtualAddress`
+- `m_VersionID`
+
+涔熷氨鏄锛屼粠寮曟搸瑙掑害鐪嬶紝涓€涓?GPU 璧勬簮涓嶅彧鏄€滀竴涓?COM 瀵硅薄鈥濓紝杩樺寘鎷細
+
+- 褰撳墠鐘舵€?- 鏄惁鍦ㄥ仛 split barrier
+- GPU 鍦板潃
+- 鏄惁琚噸寤鸿繃
+
+### 7.3 `PixelBuffer`锛氱汗鐞嗙被璧勬簮鐨勫叕鍏卞眰
+
+`PixelBuffer` 璐熻矗澶勭悊鍚勭 DXGI Format 鍙樹綋锛屾瘮濡傦細
+
+- Base Format
+- UAV Format
+- DSV Format
+- Depth Format
+- Stencil Format
+
+杩欑被鍑芥暟鐪嬭捣鏉ュ緢鐞愮锛屽叾瀹炴槸 D3D12 绾圭悊绯荤粺閲屾渶瀹规槗韪╁潙鐨勫湴鏂逛箣涓€銆傚洜涓烘繁搴︾汗鐞嗗父甯歌鐢?typeless resource锛屽啀娲剧敓鍑轰笉鍚岃鍥俱€?
+### 7.4 `ColorBuffer`锛氶鑹茬汗鐞?+ 鍏ㄥ瑙嗗浘
+
+`ColorBuffer` 璐熻矗鍒涘缓锛?
+- RTV
+- SRV
+- 姣忕骇 mip 鐨?UAV
+
+杩樿兘鍋氾細
+
+- `Create()`
+- `CreateArray()`
+- `CreateCube()`
+- `GenerateMipMaps()`
+
+瀹冪殑鎰忎箟闈炲父澶э紝鍥犱负鍦ㄨ繖濂?Core 閲岋細
+
+- 涓诲満鏅鑹茬紦鍐叉槸 `ColorBuffer`
+- GBuffer 鏄?`ColorBuffer`
+- Bloom 姣忕骇缂撳啿鏄?`ColorBuffer`
+- TAA 鍘嗗彶缂撳啿鏄?`ColorBuffer`
+- IBL cubemap 鍜?LUT 涔熸槸 `ColorBuffer`
+
+涔熷氨鏄锛?*瀹冩槸杩欏娓叉煋鍣ㄩ噷鏈€甯哥敤鐨勭汗鐞嗚祫婧愭娊璞°€?*
+
+### 7.5 `DepthBuffer`锛氭繁搴︾紦鍐蹭笉鍙槸涓€涓?DSV
+
+`DepthBuffer` 涓嶅彧鍒涘缓榛樿 DSV锛岃繕鍒涘缓锛?
+- 鍙娣卞害 DSV
+- 鍙妯℃澘 DSV
+- 娣卞害 SRV
+- 妯℃澘 SRV
+
+杩欏緢閲嶈锛屽洜涓哄緢澶氬睆骞曞悗澶勭悊瑕侀噰鏍锋繁搴︼紝浣嗕富娓叉煋闃舵鍙堥渶瑕佸啓娣卞害銆?
+MiniEngine 閫氳繃棰勫垱寤哄绉嶈鍥撅紝璁╀竴涓繁搴﹁祫婧愬湪涓嶅悓 pass 閲屽垏涓嶅悓鐢ㄦ硶銆?
+### 7.6 `HierarchicalDepthBuffer`锛氫竴寮犫€滃绾ф繁搴︽瑙堝浘鈥?
+`HierarchicalDepthBuffer` 涓嶆槸鏅€氭繁搴﹀浘锛岃€屾槸 HZB銆?
+瀹冨垱寤烘椂浼氭妸鍘熷娣卞害灏哄鍚戜笂瀵归綈鍒?2 鐨勫箓锛岀劧鍚庡彇鍗婏細
+
+```cpp
+const uint32_t HZBWidth = std::max(Math::AlignPowerOfTwo(Width) >> 1, 1u);
+const uint32_t HZBHeight = std::max(Math::AlignPowerOfTwo(Height) >> 1, 1u);
+const int32_t NumMips = Math::Log2(std::max(HZBWidth, HZBHeight)) + 1;
+```
+
+鐒跺悗鍦?`GenerateHZB()` 閲岄€愮骇鐢熸垚锛?
+```cpp
+for (uint32_t TopMip = 0; TopMip < m_NumMipMaps; )
+{
+    const uint32_t DstWidth = std::max(m_Width >> TopMip, 1u);
+    const uint32_t DstHeight = std::max(m_Height >> TopMip, 1u);
+
+    Context.SetPipelineState(Graphics::g_GenerateHZBPSO);
+    Context.SetDynamicDescriptors(2, 0, NumMips, m_UAVHandle + TopMip);
+    Context.Dispatch2D(DstWidth, DstHeight);
+    Context.InsertUAVBarrier(*this);
+    TopMip += NumMips;
+}
+```
+
+HZB 鐨勪环鍊兼槸锛?
+- 蹇€熷仛閬尅鍓旈櫎
+- 蹇€熷仛灞忓箷绌洪棿鏌ヨ
+- 鎶娾€滈€愬儚绱犳繁搴︹€濆帇缂╂垚鈥滈€愬眰绾ф渶杩?鏈€杩戞繁搴︹€?
+浣犲彲浠ユ妸瀹冪悊瑙ｆ垚锛?
+**鐢ㄤ竴寮?mip 閾炬潵琛ㄧず鈥滆繖鐗囧尯鍩熷ぇ姒傛湁澶氳繎/澶氳繙鐨勪笢瑗库€?*銆?
+### 7.7 `GpuBuffer`锛欱uffer 涓栫晫鐨勬€诲叆鍙?
+`GpuBuffer` 杩欐潯绾挎湇鍔′簬锛?
+- 甯搁噺缂撳啿
+- 椤剁偣 / 绱㈠紩缂撳啿
+- 鍘熷瀛楄妭鍦板潃缂撳啿
+- 缁撴瀯鍖栫紦鍐?- Typed buffer
+
+鍑犱釜瀛愮被鐨勮涔夊樊寮傚涓嬶細
+
+| 绫诲瀷 | 鍏稿瀷鐢ㄩ€?|
+| --- | --- |
+| `ByteAddressBuffer` | 鍘熷 32-bit 瀛楀湴鍧€璁块棶 |
+| `StructuredBuffer` | 缁撴瀯鍖栨暟鎹暟缁勶紝鏀寔 counter |
+| `TypedBuffer` | 甯﹀浐瀹氭牸寮忕殑 buffer锛屼緥濡?`R11G11B10_FLOAT` |
+
+`StructuredBuffer` 鐢氳嚦鑷繁甯︿簡涓€涓?`CounterBuffer`锛岃繖涔熸槸 Append/Consume 椋庢牸 GPU 绠楁硶甯歌鐨勯厤缃€?
+## 8. `BufferManager`锛氳繖濂楀紩鎿庢妸涓€甯т細鐢ㄥ埌鐨勭紦鍐插叏閮ㄦ樉寮忓啓鍑烘潵浜?
+杩欎竴灞傚鏂颁汉闈炲父鏈夋暀瀛︽剰涔夛紝鍥犱负瀹冨嚑涔庡氨鏄竴寮犫€滀汉宸ュ啓姝荤殑娓叉煋鍥锯€濄€?
+`BufferManager.h` 閲屼竴鍙ｆ皵澹版槑浜嗗嚑鍗佷釜鍏ㄥ眬缂撳啿锛?
+```cpp
+extern DepthBuffer g_SceneDepthBuffer;  // D32_FLOAT_S8_UINT
+extern ColorBuffer g_SceneColorBuffer;  // R11G11B10_FLOAT
+extern ColorBuffer g_GBufferA;          // R16G16B16A16_FLOAT
+extern ColorBuffer g_GBufferB;          // R16G16B16A16_FLOAT
+extern ColorBuffer g_GBufferC;          // R16G16B16A16_FLOAT
+extern ColorBuffer g_GBufferD;          // R16G16B16A16_FLOAT
+extern ColorBuffer g_PostEffectsBuffer; // R32_UINT
+extern ColorBuffer g_OverlayBuffer;     // R8G8B8A8_UNORM
+extern ColorBuffer g_VelocityBuffer;    // R10G10B10
+extern ColorBuffer g_SSAOFullScreen;    // R8_UNORM
+extern ColorBuffer g_TemporalColor[2];
+extern ColorBuffer g_aBloomUAV1[2];
+...
+```
+
+杩欒鏄?MiniEngine Core 涓嶆槸鈥滃埌浜嗘煇涓?pass 鍐嶄复鏃舵兂瑕佷粈涔堣祫婧愨€濓紝鑰屾槸锛?
+**鎻愬墠鎶婁竴鏁村抚闇€瑕佺殑璧勬簮甯冨眬鎯虫竻妤氾紝鐒跺悗闆嗕腑鍒涘缓銆?*
+
+杩欑鍋氭硶鐨勪紭鐐癸細
+
+- 缁撴瀯娓呮櫚
+- 闈炲父閫傚悎鏁欏鍜?sample
+- 濂借皟璇曪紝璧勬簮鍚嶄篃寰堢洿瑙?
+缂虹偣锛?
+- 鍏ㄥ眬鍙橀噺寰堝
+- 鎵╁睍鎬т竴鑸?- 涓嶅儚鐜颁唬 Render Graph 閭ｆ牱鑷姩鎺ㄥ鐢熷懡鍛ㄦ湡
+
+### 8.1 鍒涘缓椤哄簭鍏跺疄灏辨槸娓叉煋娴佺▼椤哄簭
+
+`InitializeRenderingBuffers()` 閲岃祫婧愬垱寤烘槸鎸夋覆鏌撻樁娈电粍缁囩殑锛?
+- 鍦烘櫙涓婚鑹?/ 娉曠嚎 / GBuffer
+- IBL 鐩稿叧璐村浘
+- 娣卞害銆丠ZB
+- SSAO 鐩稿叧涓棿缂撳啿
+- 闃村奖璐村浘
+- 鏅繁涓棿缂撳啿鍜岄槦鍒?- TAA 鍘嗗彶棰滆壊
+- Motion Blur 棰勫鐞嗙紦鍐?- Bloom / Luma / Histogram
+- FXAA 闃熷垪
+- Overlay / HorizontalBuffer
+
+涔熷氨鏄锛岃繖涓嚱鏁拌櫧鐒跺彨鈥滃垱寤虹紦鍐测€濓紝鏈川涓婁篃鏄竴寮犫€滄覆鏌撲緷璧栧叧绯昏鏄庝功鈥濄€?
+### 8.2 鍘熺敓鍒嗚鲸鐜囧拰鏄剧ず鍒嗚鲸鐜囪鍒嗗紑浜?
+`Display.cpp` 涓湁涓や釜姒傚康锛?
+- `g_NativeWidth / g_NativeHeight`
+- `g_DisplayWidth / g_DisplayHeight`
+
+鍓嶈€呮槸鍐呴儴娓叉煋鍒嗚鲸鐜囷紝鍚庤€呮槸鏈€缁堣緭鍑哄垎杈ㄧ巼銆?
+杩欐剰鍛崇潃 Core 鏈韩鏀寔锛?
+- 鍐呴儴鍒嗚鲸鐜囨覆鏌?- 杈撳嚭鍒嗚鲸鐜囩缉鏀?- UI 鍙犲姞
+- HDR / SDR 涓嶅悓鏄剧ず璺緞
+
+杩欐槸寰堝寮曟搸閮戒細鍋氱殑浜嬶紝浣?MiniEngine 鎶婂畠鍐欏緱寰堢洿鐧姐€?
+## 9. `Display`锛氱湡姝ｈ礋璐ｂ€滄渶鍚庝竴鍏噷鈥濈殑妯″潡
+
+`Display` 璐熻矗鐨勪笉鏄満鏅覆鏌擄紝鑰屾槸锛?
+- 鍒涘缓 SwapChain
+- 鍦?Resize 鏃堕噸寤烘樉绀虹浉鍏宠祫婧?- 鎶婂唴閮ㄩ鑹茬紦鍐查€佸埌浜ゆ崲閾?- 鍋氬繀瑕佺殑缂╂斁銆乁I 鍚堟垚銆丠DR 杈撳嚭
+
+### 9.1 涓轰粈涔堝満鏅笉鐩存帴娓叉煋鍒颁氦鎹㈤摼
+
+鍥犱负浜ゆ崲閾惧彧閫傚悎鍋氭渶缁堣緭鍑猴紝涓嶉€傚悎鍋氭暣鏉″悗澶勭悊閾剧殑宸ヤ綔缂撳啿銆?
+MiniEngine 鐨勬€濊矾鏄細
+
+1. 鍏堟覆鏌撳埌 `g_SceneColorBuffer`
+2. 鍚庡鐞嗛兘鍦ㄥ唴閮?buffer 涓婂仛
+3. UI 鍏堢敾鍒?`g_OverlayBuffer`
+4. `Display::Present()` 鍐嶆妸鍦烘櫙鍜?UI 鍚堟垚鍚庤緭鍑?
+杩欐牱鍋氱殑濂藉鏄細
+
+- 鏇撮€傚悎 HDR / SDR 鍙岃矾寰?- 鏇撮€傚悎缂╂斁鍜岄攼鍖?- 鏇撮€傚悎璋冭瘯鍜屾埅鍥?
+### 9.2 Present 鍓嶄細鍋氫粈涔?
+`PreparePresentSDR()` 鍜?`PreparePresentHDR()` 鍩烘湰閮介伒寰悓涓€涓璺細
+
+- 璁?`g_SceneColorBuffer` 杩?SRV 鐘舵€?- 濡傛灉闇€瑕佺缉鏀撅紝灏辫皟鐢ㄤ笓闂ㄧ殑缂╂斁璺緞
+- 鎶?`g_OverlayBuffer` 褰?SRV 鍙犲姞
+- 杈撳嚭鍒?swapchain back buffer
+- 鏈€鍚庡垏鍒?`PRESENT`
+
+杩欐剰鍛崇潃锛?
+**鍦烘櫙棰滆壊缂撳啿涓嶆槸鈥滄渶鍚庣殑鐢婚潰鈥濓紝鑰屾槸鈥滄渶缁堟樉绀哄墠鐨勫師鏉愭枡鈥濄€?*
+
+## 10. `GraphicsCommon`锛氭暣涓?Core 鐨勨€滃叕鍏辩姸鎬佷粨搴撯€?
+杩欎竴灞傞潪甯稿儚寮曟搸鍐呴儴鐨勫叏灞€娓叉煋璇嶅吀銆?
+瀹冪粺涓€鍒濆鍖栵細
+
+- 榛樿閲囨牱鍣?- 榛樿鏍呮牸鍖栫姸鎬?- 榛樿娣峰悎鐘舵€?- 榛樿娣卞害鐘舵€?- 榛樿绾圭悊
+- 闂存帴鍛戒护绛惧悕
+- 鐢熸垚 mip / HZB / 娓?buffer 鐨勯€氱敤 PSO
+
+姣斿杩欓噷浼氬垱寤猴細
+
+- `SamplerLinearWrap`
+- `SamplerPointClamp`
+- `BlendDisable`
+- `BlendTraditional`
+- `DepthStateReadWrite`
+- `DepthStateReadOnly`
+- `g_CommonRS`
+
+杩欐湁浠€涔堝ソ澶勶紵
+
+- 姣忎釜妯″潡涓嶅繀鑷繁閲嶅瀹氫箟鈥滅嚎鎬?Clamp 閲囨牱鍣ㄢ€?- 澶ч噺 compute pass 鍙互鐩存帴鍏变韩 `g_CommonRS`
+- 鏁翠釜宸ョ▼鐨勯粯璁ゆ覆鏌撶害瀹氫繚鎸佷竴鑷?
+瀵瑰紩鎿庢潵璇达紝杩欏眰寰堥噸瑕侊紝鍥犱负瀹冩妸鈥滃叕鍏遍粯璁ゅ€尖€濋泦涓寲浜嗐€?
+## 11. 鍚庡鐞嗙郴缁燂細MiniEngine Core 鏈€鍊煎緱瀛︿範鐨勪竴閮ㄥ垎涔嬩竴
+
+`PostEffects` 鏄暣涓?Core 鐨勫睆骞曞悗澶勭悊涓灑銆?
+瀹冨仛鐨勪簨鎯呭寘鎷細
+
+- HDR / LDR 璺緞閫夋嫨
+- 鑷姩鏇濆厜
+- Bloom
+- 浜害鎻愬彇
+- Histogram 缁熻
+- Tone Mapping
+- 鍜?FXAA / TAA / DoF / Motion Blur 鐨勮鎺?
+### 11.1 鍚庡鐞嗘牴绛惧悕闈炲父缁熶竴
+
+`PostEffects::Initialize()` 閲屽缓绔嬬殑鏍圭鍚嶇粨鏋勫緢绠€鍗曪細
+
+```cpp
+PostEffectsRS.Reset(4, 2);
+PostEffectsRS.InitStaticSampler(0, SamplerLinearClampDesc);
+PostEffectsRS.InitStaticSampler(1, SamplerLinearBorderDesc);
+PostEffectsRS[0].InitAsConstants(0, 5);
+PostEffectsRS[1].InitAsDescriptorRange(D3D12_DESCRIPTOR_RANGE_TYPE_UAV, 0, 4);
+PostEffectsRS[2].InitAsDescriptorRange(D3D12_DESCRIPTOR_RANGE_TYPE_SRV, 0, 4);
+PostEffectsRS[3].InitAsConstantBuffer(1);
+PostEffectsRS.Finalize(L"Post Effects");
+```
+
+杩欑被璁捐鐨勫ソ澶勬槸锛屽緢澶?compute pass 閮借兘鍏辩敤涓€濂楀弬鏁板竷灞€銆?
+### 11.2 Bloom 鏄€庝箞缁勭粐鐨?
+Bloom 鐢ㄤ簡浜旂骇涓嬮噰鏍风紦鍐诧細
+
+- `g_aBloomUAV1`
+- `g_aBloomUAV2`
+- `g_aBloomUAV3`
+- `g_aBloomUAV4`
+- `g_aBloomUAV5`
+
+楂樿川閲忔ā寮忎細鍋氭洿澶氱骇 downsample + upsample + blur銆?
+浠?`GenerateBloom()` 浣犱細鐪嬪埌涓€涓緢鍏稿瀷鐨勫悗澶勭悊濂楄矾锛?
+1. 浠?HDR 鍦烘櫙閲屾彁浜儴
+2. 涓嬮噰鏍锋垚鏇村皬鐨勭汗鐞?3. 瀵瑰皬绾圭悊鍋氭ā绯?4. 鍐嶉€愮骇涓婇噰鏍峰悎鎴愬洖鍘?
+杩欎篃鏄緢澶氬疄闄呴」鐩殑 bloom 鍩烘湰濂楄矾銆?
+### 11.3 鑷姩鏇濆厜涓嶆槸鈥滄媿鑴戣璋冧寒搴︹€?
+`PostEffects` 涓嶆槸鐩存帴鐢ㄤ竴涓父鏁版洕鍏夛紝鑰屾槸锛?
+1. 浠庡満鏅彁鍙栦寒搴?2. 鐢熸垚 histogram
+3. 鏍规嵁鐩爣浜害銆侀€傚簲閫熷害銆佹渶澶ф渶灏忔洕鍏夋洿鏂?`g_Exposure`
+
+鎵€浠ヨ繖閲屽叾瀹炲疄鐜扮殑鏄竴涓畝鍖栫増鐩告満鏇濆厜妯″瀷銆?
+### 11.4 `Render()` 鏄暣鏉″悗澶勭悊涓荤嚎
+
+鐪熸鐨勮皟搴︽牳蹇冨湪杩欓噷锛?
+```cpp
+void PostEffects::Render( void )
+{
+    ComputeContext& Context = ComputeContext::Begin(L"Post Effects");
+
+    Context.SetRootSignature(PostEffectsRS);
+
+    Context.TransitionResource(g_SceneColorBuffer, D3D12_RESOURCE_STATE_NON_PIXEL_SHADER_RESOURCE | D3D12_RESOURCE_STATE_PIXEL_SHADER_RESOURCE);
+
+    if (EnableHDR && !(DepthOfField::Enable && DepthOfField::DebugMode >= 3))
+        ProcessHDR(Context);
+    else
+        ProcessLDR(Context);
+
+    bool bGeneratedLumaBuffer = EnableHDR || FXAA::DebugDraw || BloomEnable;
+    if (FXAA::Enable)
+        FXAA::Render(Context, bGeneratedLumaBuffer);
+
+    if (!g_bTypedUAVLoadSupport_R11G11B10_FLOAT)
+        CopyBackPostBuffer(Context);
+
+    ...
+
+    Context.Finish();
+}
+```
+
+杩欐浠ｇ爜璇存槑锛?
+- 鍚庡鐞嗘暣浣撶敤 compute 瀹屾垚
+- HDR 鍜?LDR 鏄袱鏉′笉鍚岃矾寰?- FXAA 鏄悗澶勭悊閾剧殑涓€鐜紝鑰屼笉鏄嫭绔嬬郴缁?- 鍏煎璺緞闇€瑕佹妸 `g_PostEffectsBuffer` 鎷峰洖 `g_SceneColorBuffer`
+
+## 12. 鏃堕棿鍩熸晥鏋滐細TAA 鏄浣曟帴鍒颁富妗嗘灦閲岀殑
+
+`TemporalEffects` 鏄彟涓€鍧楅潪甯搁€傚悎瀛︿範鐨勪唬鐮併€?
+瀹冨仛浜嗕笁浠朵簨锛?
+1. 缁存姢姣忓抚 jitter 鍋忕Щ
+2. 缁存姢鍘嗗彶棰滆壊缂撳啿
+3. 鍦ㄥ綋鍓嶅抚鍜屽巻鍙插抚涔嬮棿鍋?temporal blend 鍜?sharpen
+
+### 12.1 Jitter 浣跨敤浜?Halton 搴忓垪
+
+`TemporalEffects::Update()` 閲屾湁涓€缁勫浐瀹氶噰鏍风偣锛?
+```cpp
+static const float Halton23[8][2] =
+{
+    { 0.0f / 8.0f, 0.0f / 9.0f }, { 4.0f / 8.0f, 3.0f / 9.0f },
+    { 2.0f / 8.0f, 6.0f / 9.0f }, { 6.0f / 8.0f, 1.0f / 9.0f },
+    { 1.0f / 8.0f, 4.0f / 9.0f }, { 5.0f / 8.0f, 7.0f / 9.0f },
+    { 3.0f / 8.0f, 2.0f / 9.0f }, { 7.0f / 8.0f, 5.0f / 9.0f }
+};
+```
+
+鐒跺悗鏍规嵁甯у彿寰幆浣跨敤杩欎簺鍋忕Щ銆?
+杩欎欢浜嬬殑鎰忎箟鏄細
+
+- 姣忎竴甯ч兘鐣ュ井鍋忕Щ閲囨牱浣嶇疆
+- 澶氬抚绱鍚庯紝鐩稿綋浜庡仛浜嗘洿瀵嗙殑绌洪棿閲囨牱
+- 鍐嶇粨鍚堥€熷害缂撳啿鍜屽巻鍙叉贩鍚堬紝灏辫兘寰楀埌 TAA 鏁堟灉
+
+### 12.2 鍘嗗彶缂撳啿鏄弻缂撳啿
+
+`BufferManager` 閲屾湁锛?
+- `g_TemporalColor[0]`
+- `g_TemporalColor[1]`
+
+姣忓抚 `Src` 鍜?`Dst` 浜ゆ浛浣跨敤銆?
+杩欐槸鏃堕棿鍩熺畻娉曠殑甯歌鍐欐硶锛屽洜涓轰綘闇€瑕侊細
+
+- 涓€寮犱綔涓轰笂涓€甯?history
+- 涓€寮犱綔涓哄綋鍓嶅抚杈撳嚭 history
+
+### 12.3 鐩告満浼氭彁渚?reprojection matrix
+
+`BaseCamera::Update()` 浼氭洿鏂帮細
+
+- `m_ViewMatrix`
+- `m_ViewProjMatrix`
+- `m_PreviousViewProjMatrix`
+- `m_ReprojectMatrix`
+
+杩欎娇寰?TAA銆丮otion Blur 绛夋晥鏋滃彲浠ユ妸鈥滃綋鍓嶅儚绱犫€濇槧灏勫洖鈥滀笂涓€甯у儚绱犫€濄€?
+杩欎篃鏄负浠€涔?`BaseCamera` 涓嶅彧鏄€滃瓨浣嶇疆鍜屾柟鍚戔€濓紝鑰屾槸鏁翠釜鏃堕棿鍩熸覆鏌撶殑鍩虹璁炬柦銆?
+## 13. 鍏朵粬灞忓箷绌洪棿鏁堟灉锛氳繖濂?Core 宸茬粡杩滀笉姝竴涓熀纭€妗嗘灦
+
+### 13.1 FXAA
+
+`FXAA` 鏄渶鍚庨樁娈电殑灞忓箷绌洪棿鎶楅敮榻匡紝璐熻矗澶勭悊鏈€缁堢敾闈㈤噷鐨勯珮瀵规瘮杈圭紭銆?
+瀹冧笉鏄崟鐙殑妗嗘灦锛岃€屾槸鐢?`PostEffects::Render()` 璋冪敤锛?
+- 濡傛灉宸茬粡鏈夐璁＄畻浜害锛屽氨澶嶇敤
+- 娌℃湁灏辫嚜宸辩敓鎴?
+杩欒鏄?MiniEngine 鐨?FXAA 鏄綔涓衡€滃悗澶勭悊鏈妯″潡鈥濇寕鍦ㄤ富閾句笂鐨勩€?
+### 13.2 SSAO
+
+`SSAO` 涓昏鍥寸粫杩欎簺璧勬簮灞曞紑锛?
+- `g_LinearDepth`
+- `g_MinMaxDepth8/16/32`
+- `g_DepthDownsize*`
+- `g_DepthTiled*`
+- `g_AOMerged*`
+- `g_AOSmooth*`
+- `g_AOHighQuality*`
+- `g_SSAOFullScreen`
+
+鍏夌湅杩欎簺鍚嶅瓧锛屼綘灏辫兘澶ф鐚滃埌瀹冩祦绋嬫槸锛?
+- 娣卞害绾挎€у寲
+- 鍒嗗潡 / 鍘讳氦閿?- AO 浼拌
+- 閲嶇粍
+- 骞虫粦
+
+### 13.3 XeGTAO
+
+Core 閲岃繕闆嗘垚浜嗘洿鐜颁唬鐨?`XeGTAO` 瀹炵幇銆傚畠浼氾細
+
+- 鍏堟妸娣卞害棰勮繃婊ゆ垚 mip 閾?- 涓?pass 璁＄畻 AO 鍜?edge
+- 鍋氳嫢骞叉 denoise
+- 鏈€缁?resolve 鍒?`g_SSAOFullScreen`
+
+瀹冪敋鑷充細鎶?TAA 鐨勫抚鍙锋嬁鏉ュ仛 temporal noise锛?
+```cpp
+const bool useTemporalNoise = (bool)TemporalEffects::EnableTAA;
+outConstants.NoiseIndex = (XeGTAO::g_DenoisePasses > 0 && useTemporalNoise) ? (frameIndex % 64) : 0;
+```
+
+杩欒鏄?MiniEngine Core 涓嶆槸鈥滃嚑涓簰涓嶇浉骞茬殑灏忎緥瀛愨€濓紝鑰屾槸妯″潡涔嬮棿宸茬粡瀛樺湪鍗忎綔鍏崇郴銆?
+### 13.4 Motion Blur
+
+`MotionBlur` 鏃㈡敮鎸侊細
+
+- 鍩轰簬鐩告満 reprojection 鐨?camera blur
+- 鍩轰簬閫熷害缂撳啿鐨?object blur
+
+杩欎篃鏄竴涓緢濂界殑瀛︿範鐐癸細
+
+**鏃堕棿鍩熺壒鏁堢殑鍏抽敭涓嶆槸 blur 鏈韩锛岃€屾槸鈥滃儚绱犺繍鍔ㄤ俊鎭粠鍝噷鏉モ€濄€?*
+
+### 13.5 Depth of Field
+
+DoF 鐩稿叧璧勬簮鍖呮嫭锛?
+- `g_DoFTileClass`
+- `g_DoFPresortBuffer`
+- `g_DoFPrefilter`
+- `g_DoFBlurColor`
+- `g_DoFBlurAlpha`
+- `g_DoFWorkQueue`
+- `g_DoFFastQueue`
+- `g_DoFFixupQueue`
+
+浠庡悕瀛楀氨鑳界湅鍑猴紝杩欎笉鏄渶鏈寸礌鐨勫叏灞忔ā绯婏紝鑰屾槸鍋氫簡锛?
+- tile classification
+- work queue
+- fast path / fixup path
+
+涔熷氨鏄 MiniEngine 鐨?DoF 宸茬粡鏄€滃伐绋嬪疄鐜扳€濓紝涓嶆槸璇惧爞婕旂ず鐗堛€?
+## 14. IBL锛氱幆澧冨厜鐓ч璁＄畻鏄€庝箞钀藉湴鐨?
+`IBL.cpp` 寰堥€傚悎鍏ラ棬鑰咃紝鍥犱负瀹冩妸鈥滀粠 HDRI 鍒板彲鐢ㄤ簬 PBR 鐨勭幆澧冭创鍥锯€濆啓寰楀緢鐩淬€?
+瀹冧細棰勮绠楀洓绫昏祫婧愶細
+
+- `g_IBLCubeMap`
+- `g_IBLDiffuseLDMap`
+- `g_IBLSpecularLDMap`
+- `g_IBLLut`
+
+`Precompute()` 閲岀殑鍥涙鍒嗗埆鏄細
+
+1. 浠?HDRI 鐢熸垚 cubemap
+2. 缁?cubemap 鐢熸垚 mip
+3. 棰勭Н鍒?diffuse lighting distribution
+4. 棰勭Н鍒?specular lighting distribution
+5. 鐢熸垚 BRDF LUT
+
+鐩稿叧甯搁噺灏哄鍦ㄤ唬鐮侀噷鏄啓姝荤殑锛?
+```cpp
+const uint32_t g_IBLCubeMapSize = 1024;
+const uint32_t g_IBLDiffuseLDMapSize = 128;
+const uint32_t g_IBLSpecularLDMapSize = 512;
+const uint32_t g_IBLLutSize = 1024;
+```
+
+杩欒鏄?MiniEngine 鐨?IBL 涓嶆槸杩愯鏃舵瘡鍍忕礌涓存椂绠楋紝鑰屾槸鍏堝仛棰勮绠楋紝鍐嶅湪鏉愯川鐫€鑹查樁娈甸噰鏍风粨鏋溿€?
+瀵瑰垵瀛﹁€呮潵璇达紝杩欓噷鏈€璇ヨ浣忕殑涓€鐐规槸锛?
+**鈥滃熀浜庡浘鍍忕殑鍏夌収鈥濆苟涓嶆槸鐩存帴鎷?HDR 璐村浘褰撳弽灏勯鑹诧紝鑰屾槸瑕佸厛鍋氫笉鍚?roughness / BRDF 鏉′欢涓嬬殑棰勭Н鍒嗐€?*
+
+## 15. 鐩告満绯荤粺锛氫笉浠呬粎鏄?ViewMatrix
+
+### 15.1 `BaseCamera` 鏄墍鏈夋椂闂村煙鐗规晥鐨勫熀纭€
+
+寰堝鏂版墜浼氭妸鐩告満鐞嗚В鎴愨€滀綅缃?+ 鏈濆悜 + 鎶曞奖鐭╅樀鈥濄€傚湪 MiniEngine 閲岋紝鐩告満杩滀笉姝㈣繖浜涖€?
+`BaseCamera::Update()` 姣忓抚浼氶噸寤猴細
+
+- ViewMatrix
+- ViewProjMatrix
+- PreviousViewProjMatrix
+- ReprojectionMatrix
+- View-space Frustum
+- World-space Frustum
+
+杩欐剰鍛崇潃瀹冨悓鏃舵湇鍔′簬锛?
+- 鏅€氭覆鏌?- 鍙鎬ф祴璇?- TAA
+- Motion Blur
+- 闃村奖
+
+### 15.2 榛樿灏辨槸 Reverse-Z
+
+`Camera::UpdateProjMatrix()` 閲屾湁涓€娈甸潪甯哥粡鍏哥殑娉ㄩ噴锛?
+```cpp
+// ReverseZ puts far plane at Z=0 and near plane at Z=1.  This is never a bad idea, and it's
+// actually a great idea with F32 depth buffers to redistribute precision more evenly across
+// the entire range.  It requires clearing Z to 0.0f and using a GREATER variant depth test.
+// Some care must also be done to properly reconstruct linear W in a pixel shader from hyperbolic Z.
+```
+
+杩欐璇濇槸鍥惧舰瀛﹀叆闂ㄨ€呭繀椤荤湡姝ｇ悊瑙ｇ殑鐭ヨ瘑鐐癸細
+
+- 鏅€氭繁搴﹂€氬父 near=0, far=1
+- Reverse-Z 鍙嶈繃鏉ワ紝璁?near=1, far=0
+- 閰嶅悎娴偣娣卞害缂撳啿锛岃繙澶勭簿搴﹀垎甯冩洿鍚堢悊
+- 鍚屾椂娣卞害娴嬭瘯涔熻鏀规垚 `GREATER` 绯诲垪
+
+杩欎篃鏄负浠€涔?`GraphicsCommon.cpp` 閲岄粯璁ょ殑娣卞害鐘舵€佹槸锛?
+- `DepthStateReadWrite.DepthFunc = D3D12_COMPARISON_FUNC_GREATER_EQUAL`
+
+### 15.3 闃村奖鐩告満鍋氫簡鈥滅ǔ瀹氬寲鈥?
+`ShadowCamera::UpdateMatrix()` 鐨勪竴娈典唬鐮侀潪甯告湁浠峰€硷細
+
+```cpp
+ShadowCenter = ~GetRotation() * ShadowCenter;
+if (BufferPrecision < 32)
+{
+    Vector3 QuantizeScale = Vector3((float)BufferWidth, (float)BufferHeight, (float)((1 << BufferPrecision) - 1)) * RcpDimensions;
+    ShadowCenter = Floor( ShadowCenter * QuantizeScale ) / QuantizeScale;
+}
+ShadowCenter = GetRotation() * ShadowCenter;
+```
+
+瀹冨湪鍋氱殑浜嬫儏鏄細
+
+- 鎶?shadow center 杞埌 light view space
+- 鎸?texel 灏哄害閲忓寲
+- 鍐嶈浆鍥炰笘鐣岀┖闂?
+鐩殑寰堟槑纭細
+
+**璁╅槾褰辩浉鏈哄敖閲忔寜鏁?texel 绉诲姩锛屽噺灏戦槾褰辨姈鍔ㄥ拰 crawling銆?*
+
+### 15.4 鐩告満鎺у埗鍣ㄧ洿鎺ュ悆 `GameInput`
+
+`FlyingFPSCamera` 鍜?`OrbitCamera` 涓嶆槸鏁板绫伙紝鑰屾槸鈥滅浉鏈鸿涓哄眰鈥濄€?
+瀹冧滑浠?`GameInput` 涓鍙栵細
+
+- 宸﹀彸鎽囨潌
+- 榧犳爣绉诲姩
+- 榧犳爣婊氳疆
+- WASD / QE
+- Shift / Thumb Click
+
+鐒跺悗鍋氾細
+
+- heading / pitch 鏇存柊
+- 骞崇Щ / 涓婂崌 / 鏃嬭浆
+- 鍔ㄩ噺骞虫粦
+
+鎵€浠ヨ繖濂?Core 鎶娾€滅浉鏈烘暟鎹€濆拰鈥滅浉鏈轰氦浜掓柟寮忊€濆垎寮€浜嗭紝杩欐槸姝ｇ‘鐨勫垎灞傘€?
+## 16. 杈撳叆绯荤粺锛歚GameInput` 鎶婂钩鍙板樊寮傛姽骞充簡
+
+`GameInput` 鍋氫簡鍑犱欢寰堝疄闄呯殑浜嬶細
+
+- 鎵嬫焺璧?XInput / GameInput
+- 閿洏榧犳爣璧?DirectInput / WinRT
+- 鎶婃墍鏈夎緭鍏ョ粺涓€鎴愪竴濂楁灇涓?- 淇濆瓨涓婁竴甯у拰褰撳墠甯х姸鎬?- 鎻愪緵 time-corrected analog input
+
+瀵瑰簲鐢ㄦ潵璇达紝瀹冩渶鏂逛究鐨勭偣鏄繖浜?API锛?
+- `IsPressed()`
+- `IsFirstPressed()`
+- `IsReleased()`
+- `GetAnalogInput()`
+- `GetTimeCorrectedAnalogInput()`
+
+杩欒鐩告満鍜岃皟璇曡彍鍗曢兘涓嶅繀鍏冲績璁惧鏉ユ簮銆?
+鍚屾椂锛岃繖涔熸毚闇插嚭 MiniEngine 鐨勫勾浠ｆ劅锛?
+- 浠嶇劧浣跨敤浜?DirectInput
+- 鏄亸 sample / desktop demo 椋庢牸鐨勮緭鍏ュ眰
+- 涓嶅儚鐜颁唬寮曟搸閭ｆ牱鏈夋洿瀹屾暣鐨勮緭鍏ユ槧灏勭郴缁?
+浣嗕綔涓烘暀瀛︿唬鐮侊紝瀹冮潪甯哥洿鎺ャ€?
+## 17. `EngineTuning`銆乣ImGuiManager`銆乣EngineProfiling`锛氳繍琛屾椂宸ュ叿閾?
+### 17.1 `EngineTuning`锛氬叏灞€鍙橀噺鏍?
+MiniEngine 寰堝鍙傛暟閮戒笉鏄?hardcode锛岃€屾槸鍐欐垚鍏ㄥ眬鍙橀噺锛?
+- `BoolVar`
+- `NumVar`
+- `ExpVar`
+- `IntVar`
+- `EnumVar`
+
+杩欎簺鍙橀噺鐢ㄨ矾寰勬敞鍐岋紝渚嬪锛?
+- `"Graphics/HDR/Enable"`
+- `"Graphics/Bloom/Strength"`
+- `"Camera/CameraSpeed"`
+
+杩欎細鑷姩褰㈡垚涓€妫佃皟鍙傛爲銆?
+杩欏璁捐寰堝€煎緱瀛︿範锛屽洜涓哄畠闈炲父杞婚噺锛?
+- 涓嶉渶瑕佸鏉傜紪杈戝櫒
+- 涓嶉渶瑕侀澶栧簭鍒楀寲妗嗘灦
+- 鍙鍏ㄥ眬鍙橀噺瀛樺湪锛屽氨鑳藉嚭鐜板湪璋冭瘯 UI 閲?
+### 17.2 鐜板湪鐨勮皟鍙?UI 宸茬粡鍋忓悜 ImGui
+
+鍘熷 MiniEngine 鏈夎緝澶?text overlay 椋庢牸宸ュ叿锛屼絾杩欎釜鐗堟湰閲屾槑鏄炬洿鍋忓悜 ImGui锛?
+- `GameCore` 姣忓抚浼?`ImGuiManager::NewFrame()`
+- `EngineTuning::Display()` 鍐呴儴鐩存帴鏋勫缓 ImGui 绐楀彛
+- `EngineProfiling::RenderImGui()` 涔熻蛋 ImGui
+
+涔熷氨鏄锛岃繖涓増鏈凡缁忔妸鑰佸紡璋冭瘯鐣岄潰鍚?ImGui 杩佺Щ浜嗐€?
+### 17.3 Profiling 涓嶅彧鏄?CPU 璁℃椂
+
+`ScopedTimer` 鏃㈠彲浠ュ寘 CPU 鑼冨洿锛屼篃鑳藉寘 GPU 鑼冨洿锛?
+- `EngineProfiling::BeginBlock(name)`
+- `EngineProfiling::BeginBlock(name, Context)`
+
+褰撲紶浜?`CommandContext` 鏃讹紝瀹冧細锛?
+- 鍐?PIX marker
+- 鍐?GPU timestamp
+
+`GpuTimeManager` 鍒欒礋璐ｏ細
+
+- 寤?query heap
+- 寤?readback buffer
+- 姣忓抚 resolve query data
+- 鎶?GPU ticks 鍙樻垚姣
+
+鎵€浠ヨ繖濂?profiler 鏄湡姝ｇ殑 CPU + GPU 鍙岃建璁℃椂锛岃€屼笉鏄崟绾祴 CPU銆?
+## 18. 鍒嗛厤鍣細MiniEngine 鎬庢牱绠＄悊鈥滀复鏃?GPU 鍐呭瓨鈥?
+### 18.1 `LinearAllocator`锛氭瘡甯т复鏃跺唴瀛樼殑涓诲姏
+
+瀹冩湇鍔′簬锛?
+- 鍔ㄦ€佸父閲忕紦鍐?- 鍔ㄦ€?SRV 鏁版嵁
+- 涓存椂涓婁紶鏁版嵁
+- 涓€浜涘彧鍦ㄥ綋鍓?command context 鐢熷懡鍛ㄦ湡鍐呮湁鏁堢殑鏁版嵁
+
+瀹冪殑妯″紡鏄細
+
+- 鍚戝叏灞€ page manager 鐢宠 page
+- 褰撳墠 context 鍦?page 涓婄嚎鎬?bump pointer 鍒嗛厤
+- `Finish()` 鍚庢牴鎹?fence 鍥炴敹椤甸潰
+
+杩欐槸涓€绉嶅緢缁忓吀銆佸緢楂樻晥鐨勫仛娉曘€?
+### 18.2 `BuddyAllocator`锛氬浐瀹氬ぇ鍧楅噷鐨勫瓙鍒嗛厤
+
+`BuddyAllocator` 鐨勬敞閲婂啓寰楀緢娓呮锛屽畠鐢?Buddy Allocation 鍋氬瓙鍒嗛厤锛屾敮鎸佷袱绉嶇瓥鐣ワ細
+
+- `kPlacedResourceStrategy`
+- `kManualSubAllocationStrategy`
+
+瀹冨瓨鍦ㄧ殑浠峰€兼槸锛?
+- 璁╀竴澶у潡鍐呭瓨琚媶鎴愬ぇ灏忎笉鍚岀殑鍧?- 灏介噺鎺у埗纰庣墖
+- 璁╁潡鍦ㄩ噴鏀炬椂鑳藉拰 buddy 鍚堝苟
+
+瀹冧笉鍍?`LinearAllocator` 閭ｄ箞甯歌浜庢瘡甯ц矾寰勶紝鏇村儚鏌愪簺 buffer 姹犵殑搴曞眰宸ュ叿銆?
+## 19. 绾圭悊鍜屾枃浠剁郴缁燂細`TextureManager` 涓?`FileUtility`
+
+### 19.1 `TextureManager` 涓嶆槸绠€鍗曠殑鈥淟oadTexture鈥?
+瀹冨仛浜嗕袱浠跺緢瀹炵敤鐨勪簨锛?
+1. 绾圭悊缂撳瓨
+2. 寮曠敤璁℃暟
+
+涔熷氨鏄锛?
+- 鍚屼竴璺緞绾圭悊涓嶄細閲嶅鍔犺浇
+- 澶氬寮曠敤鍚屼竴绾圭悊鏃讹紝鍏变韩涓€涓?`ManagedTexture`
+- 鏈€鍚庝竴涓?`TextureRef` 閿€姣佹椂锛岀汗鐞嗘墠浼氳绉婚櫎
+
+杩欏 sample 宸ョ▼寰堥噸瑕侊紝鍥犱负鑳芥樉钁楀噺灏戦噸澶?IO 鍜岄噸澶嶆樉瀛樺崰鐢ㄣ€?
+### 19.2 `FileUtility` 鏄緢杞婚噺鐨勬枃浠惰鍙栧皝瑁?
+`FileUtility` 鍙仛涓€浠朵簨锛?
+- 璇绘暣涓枃浠跺埌 `ByteArray`
+
+瀹冩敮鎸佸悓姝ュ拰寮傛涓ょ褰㈠紡锛屽凡缁忚冻澶熸敮鎾戞潗璐ㄣ€佺汗鐞嗙瓑璧勬簮鍔犺浇銆?
+## 20. 鏁板灞傦細杩欎笉鏄€滈檮璧犵殑灏忓伐鍏封€濓紝鑰屾槸鏁翠釜 Core 鐨勮瑷€鍩虹
+
+`Math` 鏂囦欢澶瑰拰 `VectorMath.h` 杩欏浠ｇ爜鏄暣涓?Core 鐨勫簳灞傝〃杈炬柟寮忥細
+
+- `Vector3`
+- `Vector4`
+- `Matrix3`
+- `Matrix4`
+- `Quaternion`
+- `AffineTransform`
+- `Frustum`
+- `BoundingSphere`
+
+濡傛灉浣犲彂鐜板緢澶氫唬鐮佸湪鍐欙細
+
+- `Cross`
+- `Normalize`
+- `Recip`
+- `AffineTransform`
+- `~GetRotation()`
+
+涓嶈鎶婂畠褰撴垚鈥滆娉曞鎬€濓紝瀹冨叾瀹炴槸鍦ㄦ瀯閫犱竴濂楀亸 SIMD 椋庢牸鐨勬暟瀛?DSL銆?
+瀵规柊浜烘潵璇达紝涓€涓緢鐜板疄鐨勫缓璁槸锛?
+**璇?MiniEngine Core 鏃讹紝涓嶈鍏堢籂缁撴瘡涓暟瀛︽搷浣滅閲嶈浇鐨勫疄鐜帮紝鍏堟妸瀹冧滑褰撴垚鈥滃悜閲忔暟瀛﹁鍙モ€濈湅銆?*
+
+## 21. 杩欏 Core 鏈夊摢浜涘緢鍊煎緱瀛︼紝鍝簺涓嶈鐩茬洰鐓ф妱
+
+### 21.1 寰堝€煎緱瀛︾殑鐐?
+- 涓诲惊鐜拰鍥惧舰鍒濆鍖栧垎宸ユ竻妤?- `CommandContext` 鎶?D3D12 甯歌绻佺悙鎿嶄綔灏佸緱姣旇緝椤烘墜
+- 璧勬簮鍛藉悕闈炲父鐩磋锛屼究浜?RenderDoc / PIX 璋冭瘯
+- `GraphicsCommon` 鎶婂叕鍏辩姸鎬侀泦涓寲
+- `EngineTuning` 杩欑鈥滆矾寰勫紡璋冨弬鍙橀噺鏍戔€濋潪甯稿疄鐢?- `EngineProfiling` 鎶?CPU銆丟PU銆丳IX marker 鎺ュ湪浜嗕竴璧?- `BufferManager` 铏界劧鍘熷锛屼絾闈炲父閫傚悎鏂版墜鐞嗚В涓€甯у埌搴曡鐢ㄥ灏戜腑闂磋祫婧?
+### 21.2 涓嶈鐩茬洰鐓ф妱鐨勭偣
+
+- 鍏ㄥ眬鍙橀噺澶锛屾墿灞曞埌澶у瀷椤圭洰浼氭瘮杈冪棝鑻?- 璧勬簮鐢熷懡鍛ㄦ湡鏄汉宸ョ鐞嗭紝涓嶆槸 Render Graph
+- 寰堝妯″潡寮轰緷璧栧叏灞€鐘舵€侊紝瑙ｈ€︾▼搴︿竴鑸?- 淇濈暀浜嗕笉灏?Xbox/ESRAM 鏃朵唬閬楃暀缁撴瀯锛屽湪 PC 涓婂緢澶氬彧鏄吋瀹瑰澹?- 杈撳叆灞傚亸 sample 椋庢牸锛屼笉鏄幇浠ｅ晢涓氬紩鎿庨偅绉嶅畬鏁?Action Mapping 绯荤粺
+
+鏇村噯纭湴璇达紝杩欏 Core 鐨勪环鍊间笉鍦ㄤ簬鈥滄嬁鏉ョ洿鎺ュ綋鐜颁唬寮曟搸鏋舵瀯妯℃澘鈥濓紝鑰屽湪浜庯細
+
+**瀹冩妸 D3D12 寮曟搸鍩虹璁炬柦鎷嗗緱瓒冲娓呮锛岄€傚悎瀛︿範鈥滃紩鎿庡簳灞傚埌搴曡澶勭悊鍝簺浜嬫儏鈥濄€?*
+
+## 22. 缁欏垵瀛﹁€呯殑鎺ㄨ崘闃呰璺嚎
+
+濡傛灉浣犲噯澶囩湡姝ｆ妸杩欎釜 `Core` 鐪嬫噦锛屾垜寤鸿鎸変笅闈㈤『搴忚婧愮爜锛?
+### 绗?1 杞細鍙缓绔嬪叏灞€鎰?
+1. `readme.md`
+2. `Core/GameCore.h`
+3. `Core/GameCore.cpp`
+4. `Core/GraphicsCore.h`
+5. `Core/GraphicsCore.cpp`
+6. `Core/Display.cpp`
+
+杩欎竴杞殑鐩爣鍙湁涓€涓細鎼炴竻妤氫竴甯ф€庝箞浠庡惎鍔ㄨ蛋鍒?Present銆?
+### 绗?2 杞細琛?D3D12 鎶借薄灞?
+1. `Core/CommandListManager.*`
+2. `Core/CommandContext.*`
+3. `Core/DescriptorHeap.*`
+4. `Core/DynamicDescriptorHeap.*`
+5. `Core/RootSignature.*`
+6. `Core/PipelineState.*`
+
+杩欎竴杞殑鐩爣锛氭悶娓呮 MiniEngine 鎬庝箞鎶?DX12 API 鍖呰捣鏉ャ€?
+### 绗?3 杞細琛ヨ祫婧愮郴缁?
+1. `Core/GpuResource.h`
+2. `Core/PixelBuffer.*`
+3. `Core/ColorBuffer.*`
+4. `Core/DepthBuffer.*`
+5. `Core/GpuBuffer.*`
+6. `Core/Texture.*`
+7. `Core/BufferManager.*`
+
+杩欎竴杞殑鐩爣锛氭悶娓呮鈥滃紩鎿庨噷涓€甯у埌搴曟湁鍝簺璧勬簮鈥濄€?
+### 绗?4 杞細琛ユ晥鏋滃拰宸ュ叿
+
+1. `Core/PostEffects.*`
+2. `Core/TemporalEffects.*`
+3. `Core/FXAA.*`
+4. `Core/SSAO.*`
+5. `Core/XeGTAO.*`
+6. `Core/MotionBlur.*`
+7. `Core/DepthOfField.*`
+8. `Core/IBL.*`
+9. `Core/EngineTuning.*`
+10. `Core/EngineProfiling.*`
+
+杩欎竴杞殑鐩爣锛氭悶娓呮 Core 涓嶅彧鏄€滄覆鏌撴鏋垛€濓紝瀹冭繕鏄竴濂楀畬鏁寸殑杩愯鏃跺伐鍏烽摼銆?
+## 23. 杩樻湁涓夊潡鍊煎緱鐗瑰埆鐣欐剰鐨勫唴瀹?
+### 23.1 `ParticleEffectManager`锛欳ore 閲屽叾瀹炶繕濉炰簡涓€濂?GPU 绮掑瓙绯荤粺
+
+寰堝浜虹涓€娆＄湅 `Core` 鏃讹紝浼氫互涓鸿繖閲屽彧鏈夆€滃紩鎿庡熀纭€璁炬柦鈥濄€傚叾瀹炰笉鏄€?
+`ParticleEffectManager` 璇存槑杩欏 Core 宸茬粡鍐呭缓浜嗙浉褰撳畬鏁寸殑 GPU 绮掑瓙娴佺▼锛屽寘鎷細
+
+- 绮掑瓙瀹炰緥鍖?- 绮掑瓙妯℃嫙鏇存柊
+- 鍩轰簬鐩告満鐨勬覆鏌?- 鍙€夌殑 tiled rendering
+
+瀹冧箣鎵€浠ユ斁鍦?`Core`锛屾槸鍥犱负瀹冨己渚濊禆锛?
+- `CommandContext`
+- 鍚勭被 `ColorBuffer` / `DepthBuffer`
+- 鍏变韩 Root Signature / PSO
+- GPU 鎺掑簭鍜岄棿鎺ョ粯鍒惰兘鍔?
+鎹㈠彞璇濊锛岃繖涓€灞傚凡缁忎笉鏄€滄渶浣庨檺搴︾殑妗嗘灦鈥濓紝鑰屾槸鈥滃缓绔嬪湪搴曞眰妗嗘灦涔嬩笂鐨勯珮绾у彲澶嶇敤鍔熻兘鈥濄€?
+### 23.2 `BitonicSort`锛氳繖閲岃繛 GPU 鎺掑簭閮界粰浣犲噯澶囧ソ浜?
+`BitonicSort.h` 鐨勬敞閲婃湰韬氨鏄竴浠藉緢濂界殑瀛︿範璧勬枡銆傚畠鏄庣‘璇存槑锛?
+- Bitonic Sort 寰堥€傚悎 GPU
+- 鏃堕棿澶嶆潅搴﹁櫧鐒朵笉鏄渶浼橈紝浣嗗苟琛屾€у緢寮?- 閫傚悎绮掑瓙鎺掑簭杩欑鈥淕PU 鑷繁浜х敓宸ヤ綔锛屽啀鍦?GPU 涓婄户缁鐞嗏€濈殑鍦烘櫙
+
+杩欎竴鐐瑰緢鍊煎緱鏂版墜娉ㄦ剰锛?
+**鐜颁唬娓叉煋寮曟搸閲岀殑寰堝鈥滄覆鏌撳墠鍑嗗宸ヤ綔鈥濅篃浼氭斁鍒?GPU 涓婂仛锛屼笉鍙槸鏈€缁堢潃鑹层€?*
+
+### 23.3 `CommandSignature`锛歁iniEngine 杩為棿鎺ュ懡浠や篃涓€璧峰寘浜?
+`CommandSignature` 瀵瑰簲鐨勬槸 D3D12 鐨勯棿鎺ユ墽琛岃兘鍔涳紝涔熷氨鏄細
+
+- `ExecuteIndirect`
+- `DrawIndirect`
+- `DispatchIndirect`
+- `DispatchMesh` 瀵瑰簲鐨勯棿鎺ュ弬鏁版弿杩?
+杩欐剰鍛崇潃 `Core` 鐨勮璁＄洰鏍囧苟涓嶅彧鏄€滆兘鐢诲嚭鏉モ€濓紝鑰屾槸宸茬粡鑰冭檻浜嗭細
+
+- GPU 鑷繁鐢熸垚鍛戒护鍙傛暟
+- GPU 椹卞姩鐨勭粯鍒?/ 鍒嗗彂
+- 鏇撮珮绾х殑鍙墿灞曟覆鏌撹矾寰?
+濡傛灉浣犳湭鏉ヨ鐮旂┒锛?
+- GPU Culling
+- Cluster / Meshlet 娴佹按绾?- GPU-Driven Rendering
+
+閭ｈ繖閮ㄥ垎浠ｇ爜涔熷緢鍊煎緱鍗曠嫭鍐嶇湅涓€閬嶃€?
+## 24. 鏈€鍚庣敤涓€鍙ヨ瘽鎬荤粨 `Core`
+
+濡傛灉浣犳槸鍥惧舰瀛﹀垵瀛﹁€咃紝鍙互鎶?`MiniEngine/Core` 鐞嗚В鎴愶細
+
+**涓€濂楁妸 DirectX 12 瑁?API 鍖呰鎴愨€滃彲浠ュ啓寮曟搸鍔熻兘鈥濈殑涓棿灞傘€?*
+
+瀹冩渶閲嶈鐨勪环鍊间笉鏄煇涓€涓?SSAO銆乀AA 鎴?Bloom 绠楁硶锛岃€屾槸瀹冩妸杩欎簺绠楁硶鏀捐繘浜嗕竴鏉″畬鏁寸殑宸ョ▼娴佹按绾块噷锛?
+- 鏈夊惎鍔?- 鏈夎澶?- 鏈夊懡浠ゆ彁浜?- 鏈夎祫婧愭娊璞?- 鏈夊悗澶勭悊
+- 鏈夋樉绀鸿緭鍑?- 鏈夎皟鍙?- 鏈夋€ц兘鍒嗘瀽
+
+杩欐鏄€滃浘褰?sample鈥濆拰鈥滃紩鎿庡簳灞備唬鐮佲€濅箣闂存渶澶х殑鍖哄埆銆?
+濡傛灉浣犳妸杩欎唤鏂囨。璇诲畬锛屽啀鍥炲幓鐪?`Core` 婧愮爜锛屼綘搴旇浼氬紑濮嬫妸瀹冪湅鎴愪笁灞傦細
+
+1. **骞冲彴鍜屽抚寰幆灞?*锛歚GameCore`銆乣GraphicsCore`銆乣Display`
+2. **D3D12 鎶借薄灞?*锛歚CommandContext`銆乣DescriptorHeap`銆乣RootSignature`銆乣PSO`銆乣GpuResource`
+3. **鍔熻兘妯″潡灞?*锛氬悗澶勭悊銆佺浉鏈恒€佽緭鍏ャ€佽皟璇曘€佹€ц兘銆佺矑瀛愩€両BL
+
+褰撲綘鑳界敤杩欎笁灞傚幓瑙ｉ噴浠绘剰涓€涓?`Core` 鏂囦欢鏃讹紝浣犲氨宸茬粡涓嶅啀鏄€滃彧鏄湅杩囦唬鐮佲€濓紝鑰屾槸鐪熸寮€濮嬬悊瑙ｈ繖濂?MiniEngine 浜嗐€?