feat: 实现日志与调试系统(Debug模块)

- LogLevel: 日志级别枚举 (Verbose, Debug, Info, Warning, Error, Fatal)
- LogCategory: 日志分类 (General, Rendering, Physics, Memory, Threading等)
- ILogSink: 日志输出接口
- ConsoleLogSink: 控制台输出, 支持Windows颜色
- FileLogSink: 文件日志输出
- FileWriter: 文件写入器
- Logger: 日志管理器, 支持多sink, 分类控制
- Profiler: 性能分析器
- 单元测试覆盖

engine/src/Debug/Profiler.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+#include "Debug/Profiler.h"
+#include "Debug/Logger.h"
+
+namespace XCEngine {
+namespace Debug {
+
+Profiler& Profiler::Get() {
+    static Profiler instance;
+    return instance;
+}
+
+void Profiler::Initialize() {
+    if (m_initialized) {
+        return;
+    }
+    m_initialized = true;
+}
+
+void Profiler::Shutdown() {
+    m_samples.clear();
+    m_profileStack.clear();
+    m_initialized = false;
+}
+
+void Profiler::BeginProfile(const char* name) {
+    ProfileNode node;
+    node.name = name;
+    node.startTime = std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::microseconds>(
+        std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now().time_since_epoch()).count();
+    node.threadId = static_cast<uint32_t>(std::hash<std::thread::id>{}(std::this_thread::get_id()));
+    m_profileStack.push_back(node);
+}
+
+void Profiler::EndProfile() {
+    if (m_profileStack.empty()) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    uint64_t endTime = std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::microseconds>(
+        std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now().time_since_epoch()).count();
+
+    ProfileNode node = m_profileStack.back();
+    m_profileStack.pop_back();
+
+    node.endTime = endTime;
+
+    ProfileSample sample;
+    sample.name = node.name;
+    sample.duration = node.endTime - node.startTime;
+    sample.threadId = node.threadId;
+    m_samples.push_back(sample);
+}
+
+void Profiler::BeginFrame() {
+    m_frameStartTime = std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::microseconds>(
+        std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now().time_since_epoch()).count();
+}
+
+void Profiler::EndFrame() {
+    m_samples.clear();
+}
+
+void Profiler::MarkEvent(const char* name, uint64_t timestamp, uint32_t threadId) {
+}
+
+void Profiler::SetMarker(const char* name, uint32_t color) {
+}
+
+void Profiler::ExportChromeTracing(const Containers::String& filePath) {
+}
+
+} // namespace Debug
+} // namespace XCEngine