feat: 实现日志与调试系统(Debug模块)

- LogLevel: 日志级别枚举 (Verbose, Debug, Info, Warning, Error, Fatal)
- LogCategory: 日志分类 (General, Rendering, Physics, Memory, Threading等)
- ILogSink: 日志输出接口
- ConsoleLogSink: 控制台输出, 支持Windows颜色
- FileLogSink: 文件日志输出
- FileWriter: 文件写入器
- Logger: 日志管理器, 支持多sink, 分类控制
- Profiler: 性能分析器
- 单元测试覆盖

engine/src/Debug/FileLogSink.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+#include "Debug/FileLogSink.h"
+#include <ctime>
+
+namespace XCEngine {
+namespace Debug {
+
+FileLogSink::FileLogSink(const Containers::String& filePath)
+    : m_filePath(filePath) {
+    m_writer.Open(filePath.CStr(), true);
+}
+
+FileLogSink::~FileLogSink() {
+    m_writer.Close();
+}
+
+void FileLogSink::Log(const LogEntry& entry) {
+    if (!m_writer.IsOpen()) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    char timestamp[32];
+    std::time_t time = static_cast<std::time_t>(entry.timestamp);
+    std::strftime(timestamp, sizeof(timestamp), "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", std::localtime(&time));
+
+    char buffer[1024];
+    std::snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "[%s] [%s] [%s] %s\n",
+                  timestamp,
+                  LogLevelToString(entry.level),
+                  LogCategoryToString(entry.category),
+                  entry.message.CStr());
+
+    m_writer.Write(buffer, std::strlen(buffer));
+}
+
+void FileLogSink::Flush() {
+    m_writer.Flush();
+}
+
+} // namespace Debug
+} // namespace XCEngine