feat: 实现日志与调试系统(Debug模块)

- LogLevel: 日志级别枚举 (Verbose, Debug, Info, Warning, Error, Fatal)
- LogCategory: 日志分类 (General, Rendering, Physics, Memory, Threading等)
- ILogSink: 日志输出接口
- ConsoleLogSink: 控制台输出, 支持Windows颜色
- FileLogSink: 文件日志输出
- FileWriter: 文件写入器
- Logger: 日志管理器, 支持多sink, 分类控制
- Profiler: 性能分析器
- 单元测试覆盖

engine/src/Debug/ConsoleLogSink.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+#include "Debug/ConsoleLogSink.h"
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+#include <windows.h>
+#endif
+
+namespace XCEngine {
+namespace Debug {
+
+ConsoleLogSink::ConsoleLogSink() = default;
+
+ConsoleLogSink::~ConsoleLogSink() = default;
+
+void ConsoleLogSink::Log(const LogEntry& entry) {
+    if (entry.level < m_minimumLevel) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+    if (m_colorOutput) {
+        HANDLE hConsole = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
+        switch (entry.level) {
+            case LogLevel::Verbose: SetConsoleTextAttribute(hConsole, FOREGROUND_INTENSITY); break;
+            case LogLevel::Debug:   SetConsoleTextAttribute(hConsole, FOREGROUND_BLUE | FOREGROUND_GREEN); break;
+            case LogLevel::Info:    SetConsoleTextAttribute(hConsole, FOREGROUND_GREEN); break;
+            case LogLevel::Warning: SetConsoleTextAttribute(hConsole, FOREGROUND_RED | FOREGROUND_GREEN); break;
+            case LogLevel::Error:   SetConsoleTextAttribute(hConsole, FOREGROUND_RED | FOREGROUND_INTENSITY); break;
+            case LogLevel::Fatal:   SetConsoleTextAttribute(hConsole, FOREGROUND_RED | FOREGROUND_BLUE | FOREGROUND_INTENSITY); break;
+        }
+    }
+#endif
+
+    printf("[%s] [%s] %s\n", 
+           LogLevelToString(entry.level), 
+           LogCategoryToString(entry.category), 
+           entry.message.CStr());
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+    if (m_colorOutput) {
+        SetConsoleTextAttribute(GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE), 
+            FOREGROUND_RED | FOREGROUND_GREEN | FOREGROUND_BLUE);
+    }
+#endif
+}
+
+void ConsoleLogSink::Flush() {
+    fflush(stdout);
+}
+
+void ConsoleLogSink::SetColorOutput(bool enable) {
+    m_colorOutput = enable;
+}
+
+void ConsoleLogSink::SetMinimumLevel(LogLevel level) {
+    m_minimumLevel = level;
+}
+
+} // namespace Debug
+} // namespace XCEngine