85 lines
2.2 KiB
Markdown
85 lines
2.2 KiB
Markdown
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# Vector3
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3D 向量结构体，用于表示 3D 空间中的点、方向、颜色或法线。
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## 头文件
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```cpp
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#include <XCEngine/Math/Vector3.h>
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```
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## 命名空间
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`XCEngine::Math`
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## 结构体定义
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```cpp
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struct Vector3 {
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float x = 0.0f;
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float y = 0.0f;
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float z = 0.0f;
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};
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```
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## 静态工厂方法
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| 方法 | 返回值 | 描述 |
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|------|--------|------|
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| `Zero()` | `Vector3` | 返回 (0, 0, 0) |
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| `One()` | `Vector3` | 返回 (1, 1, 1) |
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| `Forward()` | `Vector3` | 返回 (0, 0, 1)，前方向（Z+） |
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| `Back()` | `Vector3` | 返回 (0, 0, -1)，后方向 |
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| `Up()` | `Vector3` | 返回 (0, 1, 0)，上方向 |
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| `Down()` | `Vector3` | 返回 (0, -1, 0)，下方向 |
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| `Right()` | `Vector3` | 返回 (1, 0, 0)，右方向 |
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| `Left()` | `Vector3` | 返回 (-1, 0, 0)，左方向 |
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## 静态数学方法
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| 方法 | 返回值 | 描述 |
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|------|--------|------|
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| `Dot(a, b)` | `float` | 点积 |
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| `Cross(a, b)` | `Vector3` | 叉积（垂直于 a 和 b） |
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| `Normalize(v)` | `Vector3` | 归一化向量 |
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| `Magnitude(v)` | `float` | 向量长度 |
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| `SqrMagnitude(v)` | `float` | 长度平方 |
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| `Lerp(a, b, t)` | `Vector3` | 线性插值 |
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| `MoveTowards(current, target, maxDistance)` | `Vector3` | 朝目标移动 |
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| `Project(vector, onNormal)` | `Vector3` | 投影到法线上 |
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| `ProjectOnPlane(vector, planeNormal)` | `Vector3` | 投影到平面上 |
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| `Angle(from, to)` | `float` | 两向量夹角（度） |
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| `Reflect(inDirection, inNormal)` | `Vector3` | 反射 |
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## 实例方法
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| 方法 | 返回值 | 描述 |
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|------|--------|------|
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| `Magnitude()` | `float` | 获取向量长度 |
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| `SqrMagnitude()` | `float` | 获取长度平方 |
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| `Normalized()` | `Vector3` | 获取归一化副本 |
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## 运算符
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- 算术: `+`, `-`, `*` (scalar/memberwise), `/` (scalar/memberwise)
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- 复合赋值: `+=`, `-=`, `*=`, `/=`
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- 下标: `operator[]` (0=x, 1=y, 2=z)
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- 比较: `==`, `!=`
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## 与 Quaternion 的乘法
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```cpp
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Vector3 operator*(const Quaternion& q, const Vector3& v);
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```
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用四元数旋转向量。
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## 使用示例
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```cpp
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Vector3 pos(1.0f, 2.0f, 3.0f);
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Vector3 dir = Vector3::Normalize(pos);
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float len = pos.Magnitude();
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Vector3 reflected = Vector3::Reflect(dir, Vector3::Up());
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float angle = Vector3::Angle(Vector3::Forward(), dir);
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```
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